Question 1

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A)  solute. 
B)  catalyst. 
C)  oxidator. 
D)  reducing agent. 
A)  solute. 
B)  catalyst. 
C)  oxidator. 
D)  reducing agent. B

Question 2

For most chemical reactions, an increase in temperature will cause the reaction rate to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  remain unchanged. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  remain unchanged. A

Question 3

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+)?

Accepted Answer

A)  buffer 
B)  conjugate acid 
C)  salt 
D)  conjugate base 
A)  buffer 
B)  conjugate acid 
C)  salt 
D)  conjugate base D

Question 4

A base is a proton

Accepted Answer

A)  donor. 
B)  converter. 
C)  acceptor. 
D)  creator. 
E)  Both acceptor and creator. 
A)  donor. 
B)  converter. 
C)  acceptor. 
D)  creator. 
E)  Both acceptor and creator.

Question 5

A buffer will

Accepted Answer

A)  enhance changes in the pH of the solutions. 
B)  resist drastic changes in the pH of the solutions. 
C)  have no effect on the pH of the solutions. 
D)  make a solution more acidic. 
E)  make a solution more basic. 
A)  enhance changes in the pH of the solutions. 
B)  resist drastic changes in the pH of the solutions. 
C)  have no effect on the pH of the solutions. 
D)  make a solution more acidic. 
E)  make a solution more basic.

Question 6

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  buffers. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  bases. 
D)  inorganic compounds. 
E)  electrolytes. 
A)  buffers. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  bases. 
D)  inorganic compounds. 
E)  electrolytes.

Question 7

Potential energy is

Accepted Answer

A)  the form of energy that actually does work. 
B)  movement of ions or electrons. 
C)  energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. 
D)  stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. 
E)  energy that moves in waves. 
A)  the form of energy that actually does work. 
B)  movement of ions or electrons. 
C)  energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. 
D)  stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. 
E)  energy that moves in waves.

Question 8

The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Dalton's number. 
B)  Socrates's number. 
C)  Avogadro's number. 
D)  Pasteur's number. 
E)  Le Chatelier's number. 
A)  Dalton's number. 
B)  Socrates's number. 
C)  Avogadro's number. 
D)  Pasteur's number. 
E)  Le Chatelier's number.

Question 9

Nucleotides

Accepted Answer

A)  are part of DNA molecules but not RNA molecules. 
B)  hold the nucleus together. 
C)  are the building blocks of nucleic acids. 
D)  are proteins that function as enzymes. 
E)  have nothing to do with the genetic information in the nucleus. 
A)  are part of DNA molecules but not RNA molecules. 
B)  hold the nucleus together. 
C)  are the building blocks of nucleic acids. 
D)  are proteins that function as enzymes. 
E)  have nothing to do with the genetic information in the nucleus.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B)  One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C)  They may need a cofactor to be functional. 
D)  The active site has a specific shape to match the reactant(s). 
E)  A slight change in shape can effect function. 
A)  They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B)  One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C)  They may need a cofactor to be functional. 
D)  The active site has a specific shape to match the reactant(s). 
E)  A slight change in shape can effect function.

Question 11

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride ion 
B)  dissociation 
C)  water molecule 
D)  sodium ion 
E)  salt crystal 
A)  chloride ion 
B)  dissociation 
C)  water molecule 
D)  sodium ion 
E)  salt crystal

Question 12

DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  must travel to ribosomes to function. 
B)  contains the sugar deoxyribose. 
C)  is a single-stranded molecule. 
D)  is one of several amino acids. 
E)  assembles amino acids to make proteins.. 
A)  must travel to ribosomes to function. 
B)  contains the sugar deoxyribose. 
C)  is a single-stranded molecule. 
D)  is one of several amino acids. 
E)  assembles amino acids to make proteins..

Question 13

Normal pH for blood is 7.35 to 7.45. Maintenance of the pH in this range is

Accepted Answer

A)  critical because enzymes work best within narrow ranges of pH. 
B)  not critical because extreme pH values do not affect enzyme function. 
C)  called denaturation. 
D)  not required. 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  critical because enzymes work best within narrow ranges of pH. 
B)  not critical because extreme pH values do not affect enzyme function. 
C)  called denaturation. 
D)  not required. 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 14

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  cholesterol-a steroid 
B)  alanine-an amino acid 
C)  starch-a polysaccharide 
D)  catalase-an enzyme 
E)  sucrose-a disaccharide 
A)  cholesterol-a steroid 
B)  alanine-an amino acid 
C)  starch-a polysaccharide 
D)  catalase-an enzyme 
E)  sucrose-a disaccharide

Question 15

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes. 
B)  Water transports nutrients in the body. 
C)  Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies. 
D)  Water evaporation cools the body. 
E)  Water evaporation heats the body. 
A)  Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes. 
B)  Water transports nutrients in the body. 
C)  Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies. 
D)  Water evaporation cools the body. 
E)  Water evaporation heats the body.

Question 16

ATP

Accepted Answer

A)  is a nucleotide found in DNA. 
B)  stores genetic information. 
C)  is a sugar found in transfer RNA. 
D)  serves as the energy currency of the cell. 
E)  can store, but cannot release energy in the cell. 
A)  is a nucleotide found in DNA. 
B)  stores genetic information. 
C)  is a sugar found in transfer RNA. 
D)  serves as the energy currency of the cell. 
E)  can store, but cannot release energy in the cell.

Question 17

Fatty acid A has 10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatty acid A is saturated. 
B)  Fatty acid B is unsaturated. 
C)  Both fatty acids are saturated. 
D)  Both fatty acids are unsaturated. 
E)  Fatty acid B is saturated. 
A)  Fatty acid A is saturated. 
B)  Fatty acid B is unsaturated. 
C)  Both fatty acids are saturated. 
D)  Both fatty acids are unsaturated. 
E)  Fatty acid B is saturated.

Question 18

Polysaccharides

Accepted Answer

A)  are formed when sucrose and glucose combine. 
B)  are the smallest carbohydrates. 
C)  contain carbon, hydrogen, and phosphate atoms. 
D)  contain long chains of monosaccharides. 
E)  are not found in plants. 
A)  are formed when sucrose and glucose combine. 
B)  are the smallest carbohydrates. 
C)  contain carbon, hydrogen, and phosphate atoms. 
D)  contain long chains of monosaccharides. 
E)  are not found in plants.

Question 19

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region 
A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region

Question 20

Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called _______ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration 
B)  synthesis 
C)  hydrolysis 
D)  reversible 
E)  oxidation 
A)  dehydration 
B)  synthesis 
C)  hydrolysis 
D)  reversible 
E)  oxidation

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an

For most chemical reactions, an increase in temperature will cause the reaction rate to

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+)?

A base is a proton

A buffer will

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as

Potential energy is

The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 is called

Nucleotides

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "A" represent?

DNA

Normal pH for blood is 7.35 to 7.45. Maintenance of the pH in this range is

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

Which of the following statements is false?

ATP

Fatty acid A has 10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain.

Polysaccharides

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called _______ reactions.

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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