Question 1

A bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  open fracture. 
B)  closed fracture. 
C)  complicated fracture. 
D)  composite fracture. 
E)  irregular fracture. 
A)  open fracture. 
B)  closed fracture. 
C)  complicated fracture. 
D)  composite fracture. 
E)  irregular fracture. B

Question 2

-This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "C"?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
B)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
C)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
D)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
E)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine. 
A)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
B)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
C)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
D)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
E)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine. A

Question 3

A young boy (10 years old) exhibited the following symptoms: advanced development of secondary sexual characteristics and rapid growth. Which of the following caused his condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypersecretion of growth hormone 
B)  hypersecretion of testosterone 
C)  hypersecretion of estrogen 
D)  hyposecretion of estrogen 
E)  hypersecretion of vitamin D 
A)  hypersecretion of growth hormone 
B)  hypersecretion of testosterone 
C)  hypersecretion of estrogen 
D)  hyposecretion of estrogen 
E)  hypersecretion of vitamin D B

Question 4

How does the nervous system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
B)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
C)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
D)  blood clotting starts repair process 
E)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
A)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
B)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
C)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
D)  blood clotting starts repair process 
E)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis

Question 5

Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage

Accepted Answer

A)  replace collagen fibers in the matrix. 
B)  give cartilage its resilient nature. 
C)  fill the lacunae. 
D)  make the perichondrium very stretchable. 
E)  make cartilage hard and compact. 
A)  replace collagen fibers in the matrix. 
B)  give cartilage its resilient nature. 
C)  fill the lacunae. 
D)  make the perichondrium very stretchable. 
E)  make cartilage hard and compact.

Question 6

Osteomalacia is

Accepted Answer

A)  bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection. 
B)  a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix. 
C)  a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion. 
D)  a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones. 
E)  a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development. 
A)  bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection. 
B)  a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix. 
C)  a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion. 
D)  a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones. 
E)  a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development.

Question 7

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts 
A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts

Question 8

The medullary cavity is

Accepted Answer

A)  empty in adult bones. 
B)  the site where osteoblasts are found. 
C)  lined with endosteum. 
D)  filled with fibrocartilage and elastin fibers. 
E)  dead space in the bone. 
A)  empty in adult bones. 
B)  the site where osteoblasts are found. 
C)  lined with endosteum. 
D)  filled with fibrocartilage and elastin fibers. 
E)  dead space in the bone.

Question 9

-What does structure "B" represent on the bone diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  cancellous bone 
B)  diaphysis 
C)  epiphyseal lines 
D)  articular cartilage 
E)  epiphysis 
A)  cancellous bone 
B)  diaphysis 
C)  epiphyseal lines 
D)  articular cartilage 
E)  epiphysis

Question 10

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphysis 
B)  Sharpey fibers 
C)  growth plate 
D)  medullary cavity 
E)  endosteum 
A)  epiphysis 
B)  Sharpey fibers 
C)  growth plate 
D)  medullary cavity 
E)  endosteum

Question 11

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "C"?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of calcification 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage 
A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of calcification 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage

Question 12

What structure forms between the ends of a broken bone and also the marrow cavities?

Accepted Answer

A)  hematoma 
B)  internal callus 
C)  external callus 
D)  compact bone 
A)  hematoma 
B)  internal callus 
C)  external callus 
D)  compact bone

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased Ca2+ uptake by the small intestine 
B)  increased vitamin D formation in the kidneys 
C)  increased Ca2+ reabsorption by the kidneys 
D)  decreased Ca2+ loss by the kidneys 
E)  All of these are effects of PTH. 
A)  increased Ca2+ uptake by the small intestine 
B)  increased vitamin D formation in the kidneys 
C)  increased Ca2+ reabsorption by the kidneys 
D)  decreased Ca2+ loss by the kidneys 
E)  All of these are effects of PTH.

Question 14

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "A"?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of calcification 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage 
A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of calcification 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage

Question 15

Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts 
A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts

Question 16

What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone 
B)  sex hormones 
C)  parathyroid hormone 
D)  calcitonin 
E)  vitamin D 
A)  growth hormone 
B)  sex hormones 
C)  parathyroid hormone 
D)  calcitonin 
E)  vitamin D

Question 17

An X-ray determines that Peter fractured the shaft of his humerus. The break is in the _____________ of the bone.

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphysis 
B)  epiphyseal line 
C)  diaphysis 
D)  growth plate 
E)  articular surface 
A)  epiphysis 
B)  epiphyseal line 
C)  diaphysis 
D)  growth plate 
E)  articular surface

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding PTH (parathyroid hormone) is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH causes decreased uptake of Ca2+ from the small intestine. 
B)  PTH causes decreased vitamin D formation in the kidneys. 
C)  PTH causes increased reabsorption of Ca2+ in the kidneys. 
D)  PTH causes increased loss of Ca2+ from the kidneys. 
E)  PTH causes increased Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys. 
A)  PTH causes decreased uptake of Ca2+ from the small intestine. 
B)  PTH causes decreased vitamin D formation in the kidneys. 
C)  PTH causes increased reabsorption of Ca2+ in the kidneys. 
D)  PTH causes increased loss of Ca2+ from the kidneys. 
E)  PTH causes increased Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys.

Question 19

Bone remodeling may occur

Accepted Answer

A)  as bones grow. 
B)  as bones adjust to stress. 
C)  as fractures heal. 
D)  constantly during a person's lifetime. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  as bones grow. 
B)  as bones adjust to stress. 
C)  as fractures heal. 
D)  constantly during a person's lifetime. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 20

The spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphyseal plates. 
B)  articular cartilages. 
C)  fontanels. 
D)  bone collars. 
E)  medullary cavities. 
A)  epiphyseal plates. 
B)  articular cartilages. 
C)  fontanels. 
D)  bone collars. 
E)  medullary cavities.

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

A bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)

-This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "C"?

A young boy (10 years old) exhibited the following symptoms: advanced development of secondary sexual characteristics and rapid growth. Which of the following caused his condition?

How does the nervous system contribute to osteoporosis?

Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage

Osteomalacia is

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

The medullary cavity is

-What does structure "B" represent on the bone diagram?

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "C"?

What structure forms between the ends of a broken bone and also the marrow cavities?

Which of the following is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "A"?

Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?

An X-ray determines that Peter fractured the shaft of his humerus. The break is in the _____________ of the bone.

Which of the following statements regarding PTH (parathyroid hormone) is true?

Bone remodeling may occur

The spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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