Question 1

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone

Accepted Answer

A)  on the surface of the bone. 
B)  in the epiphyseal plate of long bones. 
C)  in the secondary ossification center of the epiphyses. 
D)  in interstitial areas. 
E)  on cancellous, but not compact bone. 
A)  on the surface of the bone. 
B)  in the epiphyseal plate of long bones. 
C)  in the secondary ossification center of the epiphyses. 
D)  in interstitial areas. 
E)  on cancellous, but not compact bone.

Question 2

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is

Accepted Answer

A)  elastic cartilage. 
B)  fibrocartilage. 
C)  hyaline cartilage. 
D)  interstitial cartilage. 
E)  osteocartilage. 
A)  elastic cartilage. 
B)  fibrocartilage. 
C)  hyaline cartilage. 
D)  interstitial cartilage. 
E)  osteocartilage.

Question 3

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

Accepted Answer

A)  spongy bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  both spongy and compact 
A)  spongy bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  both spongy and compact

Question 4

A boy grew rapidly and reached a height of 6'2" by the time he was 13. He had normal body proportions and sexual development was only slightly retarded. Which of the following caused his condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  an adrenal tumor that secretes androgens 
B)  hypersecretion of testosterone 
C)  elevated vitamin D synthesis 
D)  hypersecretion of growth hormone 
E)  hyposecretion of growth hormone 
A)  an adrenal tumor that secretes androgens 
B)  hypersecretion of testosterone 
C)  elevated vitamin D synthesis 
D)  hypersecretion of growth hormone 
E)  hyposecretion of growth hormone

Question 5

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption. 
B)  Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair. 
C)  Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss. 
D)  Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted. 
E)  Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease. 
A)  Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption. 
B)  Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair. 
C)  Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss. 
D)  Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted. 
E)  Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.

Question 6

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

Accepted Answer

A)  bone matrix. 
B)  hyaline cartilage. 
C)  fibrous cartilage. 
D)  ligaments. 
E)  blood. 
A)  bone matrix. 
B)  hyaline cartilage. 
C)  fibrous cartilage. 
D)  ligaments. 
E)  blood.

Question 7

What is the site of longitudinal growth in long bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphysis 
B)  Sharpey's fibers 
C)  epiphyseal plate 
D)  medullary cavity 
E)  endosteum 
A)  epiphysis 
B)  Sharpey's fibers 
C)  epiphyseal plate 
D)  medullary cavity 
E)  endosteum

Question 8

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "E"?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of calcification 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage 
A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of calcification 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage

Question 9

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertrophy, proliferation, calcification, ossification, and remodeling. 
B)  proliferation, hypertrophy, cell death, calcification, ossification, and remodeling. 
C)  hypertrophy, calcification, proliferation, cell death, ossification, and remodeling. 
D)  calcification, hypertrophy, proliferation, ossification, cell death, and remodeling. 
E)  proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, cell death, ossification, and remodeling. 
A)  hypertrophy, proliferation, calcification, ossification, and remodeling. 
B)  proliferation, hypertrophy, cell death, calcification, ossification, and remodeling. 
C)  hypertrophy, calcification, proliferation, cell death, ossification, and remodeling. 
D)  calcification, hypertrophy, proliferation, ossification, cell death, and remodeling. 
E)  proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, cell death, ossification, and remodeling.

Question 10

How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
B)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
C)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
D)  blood clotting starts repair process 
E)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
A)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
B)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
C)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
D)  blood clotting starts repair process 
E)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis

Question 11

Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)  spongy bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  both spongy and compact 
A)  spongy bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  both spongy and compact

Question 12

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoblast and osteoclast activity. 
B)  osteoclast and osteocyte activity. 
C)  chondroblast and osteoclast activity. 
D)  chondrocyte and osteocyte activity. 
E)  fibroblast and chondroblast activity. 
A)  osteoblast and osteoclast activity. 
B)  osteoclast and osteocyte activity. 
C)  chondroblast and osteoclast activity. 
D)  chondrocyte and osteocyte activity. 
E)  fibroblast and chondroblast activity.

Question 13

-This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "A"?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
B)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
C)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
D)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
E)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine. 
A)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
B)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
C)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
D)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
E)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine.

Question 14

If an X-ray shows a black area in the region of the epiphyseal plate,

Accepted Answer

A)  the bone is fractured. 
B)  growth of the bone is complete. 
C)  marrow is forming in the cancellous bone. 
D)  the epiphyseal plate has not completely ossified. 
E)  the cartilage is absent. 
A)  the bone is fractured. 
B)  growth of the bone is complete. 
C)  marrow is forming in the cancellous bone. 
D)  the epiphyseal plate has not completely ossified. 
E)  the cartilage is absent.

Question 15

What chemical stimulates interstitial cartilage and appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone 
B)  sex hormones 
C)  parathyroid hormone 
D)  calcitonin 
E)  vitamin D 
A)  growth hormone 
B)  sex hormones 
C)  parathyroid hormone 
D)  calcitonin 
E)  vitamin D

Question 16

Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts 
A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts

Question 17

Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of

Accepted Answer

A)  short bones. 
B)  long bones. 
C)  flat bones. 
D)  irregular bones. 
E)  only the cartilage. 
A)  short bones. 
B)  long bones. 
C)  flat bones. 
D)  irregular bones. 
E)  only the cartilage.

Question 18

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent osteocytes from forming. 
B)  resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate. 
C)  inhibit the growth of bone. 
D)  stimulate bone growth. 
E)  lay down bone matrix. 
A)  prevent osteocytes from forming. 
B)  resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate. 
C)  inhibit the growth of bone. 
D)  stimulate bone growth. 
E)  lay down bone matrix.

Question 19

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Accepted Answer

A)  lamellae. 
B)  lacunae. 
C)  canaliculi. 
D)  periosteum. 
E)  trabeculae. 
A)  lamellae. 
B)  lacunae. 
C)  canaliculi. 
D)  periosteum. 
E)  trabeculae.

Question 20

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphyseal spaces. 
B)  medullary cavities. 
C)  lacunae. 
D)  sinuses. 
E)  trabeculae. 
A)  epiphyseal spaces. 
B)  medullary cavities. 
C)  lacunae. 
D)  sinuses. 
E)  trabeculae.

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

A boy grew rapidly and reached a height of 6'2" by the time he was 13. He had normal body proportions and sexual development was only slightly retarded. Which of the following caused his condition?

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

What is the site of longitudinal growth in long bones?

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "E"?

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?

Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue.

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

-This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "A"?

If an X-ray shows a black area in the region of the epiphyseal plate,

What chemical stimulates interstitial cartilage and appositional bone growth?

Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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