Question 1

Which of the following contains β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  amylopectin 
B)  amylose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  none of these 
A)  amylopectin 
B)  amylose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  none of these

Question 2

Which of the following functional groups is present in N-acetylglucosamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  amide 
B)  1° amine 
C)  2° amine 
D)  3° amine 
A)  amide 
B)  1° amine 
C)  2° amine 
D)  3° amine

Question 3

How many monosaccharide units are in molecules called oligosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 to 6 
B)  6 to 10 
C)  10 to 15 
D)  15 to 20 
A)  3 to 6 
B)  6 to 10 
C)  10 to 15 
D)  15 to 20

Question 4

What reaction occurs when glucose is converted to gluconate?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction at C-1 
B)  oxidation at C-1 
C)  reduction at C-6 
D)  oxidation at C-6 
A)  reduction at C-1 
B)  oxidation at C-1 
C)  reduction at C-6 
D)  oxidation at C-6

Question 5

Which of the following is a severe disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  galactosemia 
B)  galactosuria 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  galactosemia 
B)  galactosuria 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 6

In which of the following are the molecules arranged in the correct order of formula weights?

Accepted Answer

A)  amylopectin < amylose < glycogen 
B)  amylose < amylopectin < glycogen 
C)  glycogen < amylopectin < amylose 
D)  glycogen < amylose < amylopectin 
A)  amylopectin < amylose < glycogen 
B)  amylose < amylopectin < glycogen 
C)  glycogen < amylopectin < amylose 
D)  glycogen < amylose < amylopectin

Question 7

Which of the following is true about the reducing properties of sugars?

Accepted Answer

A)  All monosaccharides and all disaccharides are nonreducing sugars. 
B)  All monosaccharides and all disaccharides are reducing sugars. 
C)  All disaccharides and some monosaccharides are nonreducing sugars. 
D)  All monosaccharides and some disaccharides are reducing sugars. 
A)  All monosaccharides and all disaccharides are nonreducing sugars. 
B)  All monosaccharides and all disaccharides are reducing sugars. 
C)  All disaccharides and some monosaccharides are nonreducing sugars. 
D)  All monosaccharides and some disaccharides are reducing sugars.

Question 8

Glycogen is structurally similar to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  amylopectin 
B)  amylose 
C)  cellulose 
D)  none of these 
A)  amylopectin 
B)  amylose 
C)  cellulose 
D)  none of these

Question 9

Which of the following is true of the α and β anomers of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have equal but opposite optical rotations. 
B)  They are equally stable. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  They have equal but opposite optical rotations. 
B)  They are equally stable. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 10

Which of the following is true of amylose?

Accepted Answer

A)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
B)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
C)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via α(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. 
D)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via β(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. 
A)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
B)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
C)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via α(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. 
D)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via β(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds.

Question 11

An α(1 → 4) glycosidic bond is found in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose 
B)  maltose 
C)  sucrose 
D)  all of these 
A)  lactose 
B)  maltose 
C)  sucrose 
D)  all of these

Question 12

Examine the following structures.         A B C D Which substance would be classified as an aldopentose?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these is an aldopentose. 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these is an aldopentose.

Question 13

Which of following describes a solution in which the α and β anomers of glucose have reached equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is more β anomer present than α anomer. 
B)  The solution shows no optical activity. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  There is more β anomer present than α anomer. 
B)  The solution shows no optical activity. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 14

Which of the following explains why glycosides do not undergo mutarotation?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no longer an anomeric carbon. 
B)  There are no longer any stereocenters. 
C)  The ring structure does not open to become the open-chain structure. 
D)  None of the above is correct. 
A)  There is no longer an anomeric carbon. 
B)  There are no longer any stereocenters. 
C)  The ring structure does not open to become the open-chain structure. 
D)  None of the above is correct.

Question 15

Examine the following structures.         A B C D Which substance has an L-configuration?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these has an L-configuration. 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these has an L-configuration.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of the spatial distribution of the hydroxyl groups of α-D-glucopyranose?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are all in axial positions. 
B)  They are all in equatorial positions. 
C)  The hydroxyl on C-1 is axial, those on C-2, C-3 and C-4 are equatorial. 
D)  The hydroxyl on C-1 is equatorial, those on C-2, C-3 and C-4 are axial. 
A)  They are all in axial positions. 
B)  They are all in equatorial positions. 
C)  The hydroxyl on C-1 is axial, those on C-2, C-3 and C-4 are equatorial. 
D)  The hydroxyl on C-1 is equatorial, those on C-2, C-3 and C-4 are axial.

Question 17

Complete hydrolysis of which of the following disaccharides yields a single monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose 
B)  maltose 
C)  sucrose 
D)  none of these 
A)  lactose 
B)  maltose 
C)  sucrose 
D)  none of these

Question 18

Including pairs of enantiomers, how many different 2-ketohexoses are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16

Question 19

The configuration at which carbon of a tetrose determines if the tetrose has the D or L configuration?

Accepted Answer

A)  C-1 
B)  C-2 
C)  C-3 
D)  C-4 
A)  C-1 
B)  C-2 
C)  C-3 
D)  C-4

Question 20

Carbohydrates account for approximately what percentage of the dry weight of plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75%

Exam 20: Carbohydrates

Which of the following contains β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds?

Which of the following functional groups is present in N-acetylglucosamine?

How many monosaccharide units are in molecules called oligosaccharides?

What reaction occurs when glucose is converted to gluconate?

Which of the following is a severe disease?

In which of the following are the molecules arranged in the correct order of formula weights?

Which of the following is true about the reducing properties of sugars?

Glycogen is structurally similar to which of the following?

Which of the following is true of the α and β anomers of glucose?

Which of the following is true of amylose?

An α(1 → 4) glycosidic bond is found in which of the following?

Examine the following structures. A B C D Which substance would be classified as an aldopentose?

Which of following describes a solution in which the α and β anomers of glucose have reached equilibrium?

Which of the following explains why glycosides do not undergo mutarotation?

Examine the following structures. A B C D Which substance has an L-configuration?

Which of the following is true of the spatial distribution of the hydroxyl groups of α-D-glucopyranose?

Complete hydrolysis of which of the following disaccharides yields a single monosaccharide?

Including pairs of enantiomers, how many different 2-ketohexoses are there?

The configuration at which carbon of a tetrose determines if the tetrose has the D or L configuration?

Carbohydrates account for approximately what percentage of the dry weight of plants?

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