Question 1

Given that the electron-withdrawing ability of a substituent falls off with distance, rank order the following carboxylic acids from strongest acid to weakest acid:

Accepted Answer

A)  (i) > (ii) > (iii) 
B)  (iii) > (ii) > (i) 
C)  (ii) > (iii) > (i) 
D)  (ii) > (i) > (iii) 
A)  (i) > (ii) > (iii) 
B)  (iii) > (ii) > (i) 
C)  (ii) > (iii) > (i) 
D)  (ii) > (i) > (iii) B

Question 2

In addition to the ester, what else is produced during Fischer esterification?

Accepted Answer

A)  H2 
B)  H2O 
C)  H2O2 
D)  O2 
A)  H2 
B)  H2O 
C)  H2O2 
D)  O2 B

Question 3

Which of the following is true of most abundant, naturally occurring, unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cis isomer predominates. 
B)  The trans isomer predominates. 
C)  There is an approximately equal distribution of cis and trans isomers. 
D)  Depending on the fatty acid, the distribution of cis and trans isomers will vary. 
A)  The cis isomer predominates. 
B)  The trans isomer predominates. 
C)  There is an approximately equal distribution of cis and trans isomers. 
D)  Depending on the fatty acid, the distribution of cis and trans isomers will vary. A

Question 4

Examine the following figure.   Which of the following does it represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  soap 
B)  detergent 
C)  micelle 
D)  all of the above 
A)  soap 
B)  detergent 
C)  micelle 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following intermolecular forces is most different between saturated and cis-unsaturated fatty acids of comparable size?

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bonding 
B)  hydrogen bonding 
C)  ionic bonding 
D)  London dispersion forces 
A)  covalent bonding 
B)  hydrogen bonding 
C)  ionic bonding 
D)  London dispersion forces

Question 6

Consider a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid that is subjected to the procedure shown in the flow diagram.   Which of the following describes the fate of the cinnamaldehyde.

Accepted Answer

A)  It will be recovered from 1 as the sodium salt. 
B)  It will be recovered from 1 as the neutral aldehyde. 
C)  It will be recovered from 2 as the sodium salt. 
D)  It will be recovered from 2 as the neutral aldehyde. 
A)  It will be recovered from 1 as the sodium salt. 
B)  It will be recovered from 1 as the neutral aldehyde. 
C)  It will be recovered from 2 as the sodium salt. 
D)  It will be recovered from 2 as the neutral aldehyde.

Question 7

Which of the following biologically important compounds is chiral?

Accepted Answer

A)  2-aminopropanoic acid 
B)  2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid 
C)  3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 
D)  all of them 
A)  2-aminopropanoic acid 
B)  2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid 
C)  3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 
D)  all of them

Question 8

The cleansing agent in many detergents is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate 
B)  sodium silicate 
C)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
D)  Any of these, they are all cleansing agents. 
A)  a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate 
B)  sodium silicate 
C)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
D)  Any of these, they are all cleansing agents.

Question 9

What type of compound is obtained when a carboxylic acid with no other functional groups is decarboxylated?

Accepted Answer

A)  an aldehyde 
B)  an alcohol 
C)  an alkane 
D)  a ketone 
A)  an aldehyde 
B)  an alcohol 
C)  an alkane 
D)  a ketone

Question 10

Which of the following notations corresponds to the fatty acid with the lowest melting point?

Accepted Answer

A)  18:0 
B)  18:1 
C)  18:2 
D)  18:3 
A)  18:0 
B)  18:1 
C)  18:2 
D)  18:3

Question 11

Which of the following notations corresponds to the fatty acid with the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

A)  18:0 
B)  18:1 
C)  18:2 
D)  18:3 
A)  18:0 
B)  18:1 
C)  18:2 
D)  18:3

Question 12

Which of the following is true of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  All fatty acids are liquids at room temperature. 
B)  All fatty acids are solids at room temperature. 
C)  All saturated fatty acids are solids at room temperature. 
D)  All trans-unsaturated fatty acids are liquids at room temperature. 
A)  All fatty acids are liquids at room temperature. 
B)  All fatty acids are solids at room temperature. 
C)  All saturated fatty acids are solids at room temperature. 
D)  All trans-unsaturated fatty acids are liquids at room temperature.

Question 13

How many carboxylic acids have the molecular formula C4H8O2?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 14

In what form(s) will a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present if the pH of an aqueous solution is adjusted to be very much lower than the pKa of the acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily as RCOOH (aq) 
B)  primarily as RCOO− (aq) 
C)  equal amounts of a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  primarily as RCOOH (aq) 
B)  primarily as RCOO− (aq) 
C)  equal amounts of a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 15

Which of the following fatty acids is(are) saturated?

Accepted Answer

A)  lauric acid 
B)  palmitic acid 
C)  stearic acid 
D)  all of these 
A)  lauric acid 
B)  palmitic acid 
C)  stearic acid 
D)  all of these

Question 16

Which of the following is true of α-ketoglutaric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Under physiological conditions it is thermally decarboxylated. 
B)  Under physiological conditions it cannot be decarboxylated. 
C)  Under physiological conditions it can be decarboxylated via oxidative decarboxylation. 
D)  Under physiological conditions it can be decarboxylated via reductive decarboxylation. 
A)  Under physiological conditions it is thermally decarboxylated. 
B)  Under physiological conditions it cannot be decarboxylated. 
C)  Under physiological conditions it can be decarboxylated via oxidative decarboxylation. 
D)  Under physiological conditions it can be decarboxylated via reductive decarboxylation.

Question 17

Which of the following compounds will be the strongest acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  bromoacetic acid 
B)  chloroacetic acid 
C)  fluoroacetic acid 
D)  iodoacetic acid 
A)  bromoacetic acid 
B)  chloroacetic acid 
C)  fluoroacetic acid 
D)  iodoacetic acid

Question 18

Examine the following figure.   Which of the following does it represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  soap 
B)  detergent 
C)  micelle 
D)  either a or b 
A)  soap 
B)  detergent 
C)  micelle 
D)  either a or b

Question 19

Which of the following 18 carbon fatty acids will have the lowest melting point?

Accepted Answer

A)  oleic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  stearic acid 
A)  oleic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  stearic acid

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of the carboxylic acid which contains three carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  1-propanoic acid 
B)  propanoic acid 
C)  1-propionic acid 
D)  propionic acid 
A)  1-propanoic acid 
B)  propanoic acid 
C)  1-propionic acid 
D)  propionic acid

Exam 18: Carboxylic Acids

Given that the electron-withdrawing ability of a substituent falls off with distance, rank order the following carboxylic acids from strongest acid to weakest acid:

In addition to the ester, what else is produced during Fischer esterification?

Which of the following is true of most abundant, naturally occurring, unsaturated fatty acids?

Examine the following figure. Which of the following does it represent?

Which of the following intermolecular forces is most different between saturated and cis-unsaturated fatty acids of comparable size?

Consider a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid that is subjected to the procedure shown in the flow diagram. Which of the following describes the fate of the cinnamaldehyde.

Which of the following biologically important compounds is chiral?

The cleansing agent in many detergents is which of the following?

What type of compound is obtained when a carboxylic acid with no other functional groups is decarboxylated?

Which of the following notations corresponds to the fatty acid with the lowest melting point?

Which of the following notations corresponds to the fatty acid with the highest melting point?

Which of the following is true of fatty acids?

How many carboxylic acids have the molecular formula C4H8O2?

In what form(s) will a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present if the pH of an aqueous solution is adjusted to be very much lower than the pKa of the acid?

Which of the following fatty acids is(are) saturated?

Which of the following is true of α-ketoglutaric acid?

Which of the following compounds will be the strongest acid?

Examine the following figure. Which of the following does it represent?

Which of the following 18 carbon fatty acids will have the lowest melting point?

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of the carboxylic acid which contains three carbon atoms?

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How many carboxylic acids have the molecular formula C₄H₈O₂?

In what form(s) will a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present if the pH of an aqueous solution is adjusted to be very much lower than the pK_a of the acid?