Question 1

Penicillin and many other antibiotics are β-lactams. What is the composition of the β-lactam ring?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 carbon atom and 3 nitrogen atoms 
B)  2 carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms with the carbon atoms adjacent 
C)  an alternating sequence of 2 carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms 
D)  3 carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom 
A)  1 carbon atom and 3 nitrogen atoms 
B)  2 carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms with the carbon atoms adjacent 
C)  an alternating sequence of 2 carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms 
D)  3 carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom D

Question 2

Consider the following reaction.   What type(s) of functional group(s) is(are) produced by this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  amide 
B)  carboxylic acid 
C)  alcohol 
D)  both a and b 
E)  both a and c 
A)  amide 
B)  carboxylic acid 
C)  alcohol 
D)  both a and b 
E)  both a and c D

Question 3

Examine the following ball-and-stick model. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are indicated by the element symbol.   To which functional group class does this substance belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  anhydride 
B)  amide 
C)  ester 
D)  amine 
A)  anhydride 
B)  amide 
C)  ester 
D)  amine C

Question 4

What is the minimum number of carbon atoms present in an ester?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 5

Which of the following is produced by hydrolysis of methyl propanoate under basic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  methanol and a propanoate salt 
B)  methanol and propanoic acid 
C)  propanol and an formate salt 
D)  propanol and formic acid 
A)  methanol and a propanoate salt 
B)  methanol and propanoic acid 
C)  propanol and an formate salt 
D)  propanol and formic acid

Question 6

Examine the following ball-and-stick model. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are indicated by the element symbol.   Which of the following will react with the substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  ammonia 
C)  an alcohol 
D)  All of these will react with this compound. 
A)  water 
B)  ammonia 
C)  an alcohol 
D)  All of these will react with this compound.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the functional group of anhydrides?

Accepted Answer

A)  two carbonyl groups bonded directly to each other 
B)  two carboxyl groups bonded directly to each other 
C)  two carbonyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom 
D)  two carboxyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom 
A)  two carbonyl groups bonded directly to each other 
B)  two carboxyl groups bonded directly to each other 
C)  two carbonyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom 
D)  two carboxyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom

Question 8

Which of the following is true of lactic acid and glycolic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both glycolic acid and lactic acid are α-hydroxy carboxylic acids. 
B)  Neither glycolic acid nor lactic acid is an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid. 
C)  Glycolic acid is an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid and lactic acid is a β-hydroxy carboxylic acid. 
D)  Lactic acid is an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid and glycolic acid is a β-hydroxy carboxylic acid. 
A)  Both glycolic acid and lactic acid are α-hydroxy carboxylic acids. 
B)  Neither glycolic acid nor lactic acid is an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid. 
C)  Glycolic acid is an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid and lactic acid is a β-hydroxy carboxylic acid. 
D)  Lactic acid is an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid and glycolic acid is a β-hydroxy carboxylic acid.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct stoichiometric relationship for the synthesis of Lexan?

Accepted Answer

A)  two moles of phosgene for each mole of the disodium salt of bisphenol A 
B)  two moles of the disodium salt of bisphenol A for each mole of phosgene 
C)  one mole of the disodium salt of bisphenol A for each mole of phosgene 
D)  none of the above 
A)  two moles of phosgene for each mole of the disodium salt of bisphenol A 
B)  two moles of the disodium salt of bisphenol A for each mole of phosgene 
C)  one mole of the disodium salt of bisphenol A for each mole of phosgene 
D)  none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following gives the correct order of ease of hydrolysis (with easiest to hydrolyze listed first)?

Accepted Answer

A)  anhydrides, esters, amides 
B)  anhydrides. amides, esters 
C)  amides, esters, anhydrides 
D)  amides, anhydrides, esters 
A)  anhydrides, esters, amides 
B)  anhydrides. amides, esters 
C)  amides, esters, anhydrides 
D)  amides, anhydrides, esters

Question 11

Which of the following statements concerning the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  High yields of the hydrolysis products are best achieved in the presence of one equivalent of water. 
B)  High yields of the hydrolysis products are best achieved in the presence of a large excess of water. 
C)  High yields of the hydrolysis products are best achieved by removing the water from the equilibrium mixture. 
D)  All three statements are false. 
A)  High yields of the hydrolysis products are best achieved in the presence of one equivalent of water. 
B)  High yields of the hydrolysis products are best achieved in the presence of a large excess of water. 
C)  High yields of the hydrolysis products are best achieved by removing the water from the equilibrium mixture. 
D)  All three statements are false.

Question 12

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  propyl ethanoate 
B)  butyl ethanoate 
C)  ethyl propanoate 
D)  ethyl butanoate 
A)  propyl ethanoate 
B)  butyl ethanoate 
C)  ethyl propanoate 
D)  ethyl butanoate

Question 13

How many moles of neutral organic compounds will be formed when one mole of the following compound is hydrolyzed in an aqueous solution containing an excess of sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 14

Which of the following NSAID drugs is not chiral?

Accepted Answer

A)  aspirin 
B)  ibuprofen 
C)  naproxen 
D)  None, they are all chiral. 
A)  aspirin 
B)  ibuprofen 
C)  naproxen 
D)  None, they are all chiral.

Question 15

Anhydrides do not react with which class of amines to form amides?

Accepted Answer

A)  1° 
B)  2° 
C)  3° 
D)  None, anhydrides react with all of these. 
A)  1° 
B)  2° 
C)  3° 
D)  None, anhydrides react with all of these.

Question 16

Which of the following elements is not found in phosgene?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon 
B)  chlorine 
C)  oxygen 
D)  phosphorus 
A)  carbon 
B)  chlorine 
C)  oxygen 
D)  phosphorus

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding carboxylic anhydrides and phosphoric anhydrides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both carboxylic anhydrides and phosphoric anhydrides have important biological functions. 
B)  Neither carboxylic anhydrides nor phosphoric anhydrides have important biological functions. 
C)  Carboxylic anhydrides are not important in biochemistry but phosphoric anhydrides are important in biochemistry. 
D)  Phosphoric anhydrides are not important in biochemistry but carboxylic anhydrides are important in biochemistry. 
A)  Both carboxylic anhydrides and phosphoric anhydrides have important biological functions. 
B)  Neither carboxylic anhydrides nor phosphoric anhydrides have important biological functions. 
C)  Carboxylic anhydrides are not important in biochemistry but phosphoric anhydrides are important in biochemistry. 
D)  Phosphoric anhydrides are not important in biochemistry but carboxylic anhydrides are important in biochemistry.

Question 18

Which of the following correctly describes the core ring system found in barbituric acid and all barbiturates?

Accepted Answer

A)  an aromatic ring which has three carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms 
B)  an aromatic ring which has four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms 
C)  a non-aromatic ring which has three carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms 
D)  a non-aromatic ring which has four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms 
A)  an aromatic ring which has three carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms 
B)  an aromatic ring which has four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms 
C)  a non-aromatic ring which has three carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms 
D)  a non-aromatic ring which has four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms

Question 19

Natural pyrethrins are toxic to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  insects 
B)  mammals 
C)  plants 
D)  all of these 
A)  insects 
B)  mammals 
C)  plants 
D)  all of these

Question 20

What is/are the products formed in the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Exam 19: Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Penicillin and many other antibiotics are β-lactams. What is the composition of the β-lactam ring?

Consider the following reaction. What type(s) of functional group(s) is(are) produced by this reaction?

Examine the following ball-and-stick model. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are indicated by the element symbol. To which functional group class does this substance belong?

What is the minimum number of carbon atoms present in an ester?

Which of the following is produced by hydrolysis of methyl propanoate under basic conditions?

Examine the following ball-and-stick model. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are indicated by the element symbol. Which of the following will react with the substance?

Which of the following best describes the functional group of anhydrides?

Which of the following is true of lactic acid and glycolic acid?

Which of the following is the correct stoichiometric relationship for the synthesis of Lexan?

Which of the following gives the correct order of ease of hydrolysis (with easiest to hydrolyze listed first)?

Which of the following statements concerning the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters is false?

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

How many moles of neutral organic compounds will be formed when one mole of the following compound is hydrolyzed in an aqueous solution containing an excess of sodium hydroxide?

Which of the following NSAID drugs is not chiral?

Anhydrides do not react with which class of amines to form amides?

Which of the following elements is not found in phosgene?

Which of the following is true regarding carboxylic anhydrides and phosphoric anhydrides?

Which of the following correctly describes the core ring system found in barbituric acid and all barbiturates?

Natural pyrethrins are toxic to which of the following?

What is/are the products formed in the following reaction?

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