Question 1

Which carboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation quite readily on mild heating?

Accepted Answer

A)  all of them 
B)  none of them 
C)  only α-ketoacids 
D)  only β-ketoacids 
A)  all of them 
B)  none of them 
C)  only α-ketoacids 
D)  only β-ketoacids

Question 2

Decarboxylation involves the loss of which of the following small molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO 
B)  CO2 
C)  H2CO2 
D)  none of these 
A)  CO 
B)  CO2 
C)  H2CO2 
D)  none of these

Question 3

Which of the following is true for nearly all of the most abundant, naturally occurring fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nearly all of them contain an even number of carbon atoms. 
B)  About 70% of them contain an even number of carbon atoms. 
C)  Approximately half of them contain an even number of carbon atoms. 
D)  Nearly all of them contain an odd number of carbon atoms. 
A)  Nearly all of them contain an even number of carbon atoms. 
B)  About 70% of them contain an even number of carbon atoms. 
C)  Approximately half of them contain an even number of carbon atoms. 
D)  Nearly all of them contain an odd number of carbon atoms.

Question 4

The reactions of a carboxylic acid with which of the following reagents produces a gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  NaHCO3 
B)  Na2CO3 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  NaHCO3 
B)  Na2CO3 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid which contains four carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  1-methyl-1-propanoic acid 
B)  1-methylpropanoic acid 
C)  2-methyl-1-propanoic acid 
D)  2-methylpropanoic acid 
A)  1-methyl-1-propanoic acid 
B)  1-methylpropanoic acid 
C)  2-methyl-1-propanoic acid 
D)  2-methylpropanoic acid

Question 6

As soap removes grease from a material, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The grease is adsorbed on the outer surface of a micelle 
B)  The grease is enclosed within the body of a micelle 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  The grease is adsorbed on the outer surface of a micelle 
B)  The grease is enclosed within the body of a micelle 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 7

What temperature conditions are generally necessary for the decarboxylation of a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperatures below room temperature 
B)  room temperature 
C)  temperatures slightly above room temperature 
D)  very high temperatures 
A)  temperatures below room temperature 
B)  room temperature 
C)  temperatures slightly above room temperature 
D)  very high temperatures

Question 8

What would you expect is the order of water solubility for the following compounds:   ?

Accepted Answer

A)  A > B > C 
B)  C > A > B 
C)  B > A > C 
D)  A > C > B 
A)  A > B > C 
B)  C > A > B 
C)  B > A > C 
D)  A > C > B

Question 9

What is the name of the compound produced by the reaction of benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  benzoic sodate 
B)  sodium hydroxybenzoate 
C)  sodium benzide 
D)  sodium benzoate 
A)  benzoic sodate 
B)  sodium hydroxybenzoate 
C)  sodium benzide 
D)  sodium benzoate

Question 10

Examine the following structure.   Which of the following correctly characterizes this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  trans isomer 
B)  saturated fatty acid 
C)  designated as 18:3 
D)  high melting point 
E)  none of the above 
A)  trans isomer 
B)  saturated fatty acid 
C)  designated as 18:3 
D)  high melting point 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

Which of the following occurs during Fischer esterification?

Accepted Answer

A)  The −OH from the carboxylic acid and the −H from the −OH of the alcohol are eliminated as water. 
B)  The −OH from the alcohol and the −H from the −OH of the carboxylic acid are eliminated as water. 
C)  Water is eliminated entirely from the carboxylic acid. 
D)  None of the above, the reaction does not produce water. 
A)  The −OH from the carboxylic acid and the −H from the −OH of the alcohol are eliminated as water. 
B)  The −OH from the alcohol and the −H from the −OH of the carboxylic acid are eliminated as water. 
C)  Water is eliminated entirely from the carboxylic acid. 
D)  None of the above, the reaction does not produce water.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the stability of the cis and trans configurations of unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cis configuration is more stable. 
B)  The trans configuration is more stable. 
C)  The cis and trans configurations have equal stability. 
D)  The relative stabilities vary depending on the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid. 
A)  The cis configuration is more stable. 
B)  The trans configuration is more stable. 
C)  The cis and trans configurations have equal stability. 
D)  The relative stabilities vary depending on the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid.

Question 13

The bleaching agent in many detergents is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate 
B)  sodium silicate 
C)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
D)  Any of these, they are all bleaching agents. 
A)  a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate 
B)  sodium silicate 
C)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
D)  Any of these, they are all bleaching agents.

Question 14

Which of the following is used by dentists to cauterize gums?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetic acid 
B)  chloroacetic acid 
C)  dichloroacetic acid 
D)  trichloroacetic acid 
A)  acetic acid 
B)  chloroacetic acid 
C)  dichloroacetic acid 
D)  trichloroacetic acid

Question 15

The decarboxylation of α-ketoglutaric acid requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nothing special, α-ketoglutaric acid readily undergoes thermal decarboxylation. 
B)  NADH2 
C)  NADH 
D)  NAD+ 
A)  Nothing special, α-ketoglutaric acid readily undergoes thermal decarboxylation. 
B)  NADH2 
C)  NADH 
D)  NAD+

Question 16

Which of the following is γ-hydroxybutyric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid which contains four carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  butanoic acid 
B)  1-butanoic acid 
C)  2-butanoic acid 
D)  butyric acid 
A)  butanoic acid 
B)  1-butanoic acid 
C)  2-butanoic acid 
D)  butyric acid

Question 18

Which of the following is obtained by the decarboxylation of oxalosuccinic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  α-ketoglutaric acid 
B)  β-ketoglutaric acid 
C)  succinic acid 
D)  none of these 
A)  α-ketoglutaric acid 
B)  β-ketoglutaric acid 
C)  succinic acid 
D)  none of these

Question 19

In what form(s) will a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present if the pH of an aqueous solution is adjusted to be the same as the pKa of the acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily as RCOOH (aq) 
B)  primarily as RCOO− (aq) 
C)  equal amounts of a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  primarily as RCOOH (aq) 
B)  primarily as RCOO− (aq) 
C)  equal amounts of a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 20

What type of transition state is involved during the decarboxylation of β-ketoacids?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 5-membered cyclic system 
B)  a 6-membered cyclic system 
C)  an enol 
D)  none of these 
A)  a 5-membered cyclic system 
B)  a 6-membered cyclic system 
C)  an enol 
D)  none of these

Exam 18: Carboxylic Acids

Which carboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation quite readily on mild heating?

Decarboxylation involves the loss of which of the following small molecules?

Which of the following is true for nearly all of the most abundant, naturally occurring fatty acids?

The reactions of a carboxylic acid with which of the following reagents produces a gas?

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid which contains four carbon atoms?

As soap removes grease from a material, which of the following occurs?

What temperature conditions are generally necessary for the decarboxylation of a carboxylic acid?

What would you expect is the order of water solubility for the following compounds: ?

What is the name of the compound produced by the reaction of benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide?

Examine the following structure. Which of the following correctly characterizes this structure?

Which of the following occurs during Fischer esterification?

Which of the following is true regarding the stability of the cis and trans configurations of unsaturated fatty acids?

The bleaching agent in many detergents is which of the following?

Which of the following is used by dentists to cauterize gums?

The decarboxylation of α-ketoglutaric acid requires which of the following?

Which of the following is γ-hydroxybutyric acid?

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid which contains four carbon atoms?

Which of the following is obtained by the decarboxylation of oxalosuccinic acid?

In what form(s) will a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present if the pH of an aqueous solution is adjusted to be the same as the pKa of the acid?

What type of transition state is involved during the decarboxylation of β-ketoacids?

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