Question 1

Examine the following structures. ​         A B C D
Which substance would be classified as a ketohexose?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these is a ketohexose. 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these is a ketohexose.

Question 2

In sucrose, which of the following describes the glycosidic bond between C-1 of glucose and C-2 of fructose?

Accepted Answer

A)  for both fructose and glucose it is α 
B)  for both fructose and glucose it is β 
C)  for fructose it is α and for glucose it is β 
D)  for fructose it is β and for glucose it is α 
A)  for both fructose and glucose it is α 
B)  for both fructose and glucose it is β 
C)  for fructose it is α and for glucose it is β 
D)  for fructose it is β and for glucose it is α

Question 3

The reaction of monosaccharides to form a disaccharide is an example of which of the following reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  reduction 
D)  oxidation 
A)  condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  reduction 
D)  oxidation

Question 4

Hyaluronic acid is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  an oligosaccharide 
B)  a polymer of D-glucuronic acid only 
C)  a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine only 
D)  a polymer of both D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 
A)  an oligosaccharide 
B)  a polymer of D-glucuronic acid only 
C)  a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine only 
D)  a polymer of both D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

Question 5

Examine the following structures. ​         A B C D
Which substances have an enantiomer with an L-configuration?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and C 
B)  B and D 
C)  B and C 
D)  A and D 
E)  A, B and D 
A)  A and C 
B)  B and D 
C)  B and C 
D)  A and D 
E)  A, B and D

Question 6

Which of the following explains why ketoses are reducing sugars?

Accepted Answer

A)  Under acidic conditions they are converted to aldoses. 
B)  Under basic conditions they are converted to aldoses. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  Under acidic conditions they are converted to aldoses. 
B)  Under basic conditions they are converted to aldoses. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 7

For the solvents water, ethanol, and benzene which gives the correct order of solubility of monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)  benzene > ethanol > water 
B)  benzene > water > ethanol 
C)  water > ethanol > benzene 
D)  water > benzene > ethanol 
A)  benzene > ethanol > water 
B)  benzene > water > ethanol 
C)  water > ethanol > benzene 
D)  water > benzene > ethanol

Question 8

The D-form of which of the following amino sugars is commonly found naturally?

Accepted Answer

A)  allosamine 
B)  althrosamine 
C)  mannosamine 
D)  none of these 
A)  allosamine 
B)  althrosamine 
C)  mannosamine 
D)  none of these

Question 9

Including pairs of enantiomers, how many different aldopentoses are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16

Question 10

Which of the following determines blood type B in the ABO blood typing system?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of only N-acetyl-D-galactosamine antigen 
B)  the presence of only D-galactose antigen 
C)  the presence of both N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-galactose antigens 
D)  the absence of both N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-galactose antigens 
A)  the presence of only N-acetyl-D-galactosamine antigen 
B)  the presence of only D-galactose antigen 
C)  the presence of both N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-galactose antigens 
D)  the absence of both N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-galactose antigens

Question 11

What reaction occurs when glucose is converted to glucitol?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction at C-1 
B)  oxidation at C-1 
C)  reduction at C-6 
D)  oxidation at C-6 
A)  reduction at C-1 
B)  oxidation at C-1 
C)  reduction at C-6 
D)  oxidation at C-6

Question 12

Which of the following is obtained as a result of the complete hydrolysis of starch?

Accepted Answer

A)  D-glucose 
B)  lactose 
C)  maltose 
D)  sucrose 
A)  D-glucose 
B)  lactose 
C)  maltose 
D)  sucrose

Question 13

How many chiral carbons are present in the open-chain form of a ketohexose?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  6 
A)  3 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  6

Question 14

Examine the following structures.         A B C D Which substance will form a pyranose?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these will form a pyranose. 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  None of these will form a pyranose.

Question 15

Which of the following reacts with sugars to form glycosides?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohols 
B)  amines 
C)  hemiacetals 
D)  water 
A)  alcohols 
B)  amines 
C)  hemiacetals 
D)  water

Question 16

Under which of the following conditions can monosaccharides be oxidized to aldonic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  acidic 
B)  basic 
C)  neutral 
D)  all of these 
A)  acidic 
B)  basic 
C)  neutral 
D)  all of these

Question 17

Which element is present in heparin but not in hyaluronic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  N 
B)  P 
C)  S 
D)  none of these 
A)  N 
B)  P 
C)  S 
D)  none of these

Question 18

How many different D-aldohexoses are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16

Question 19

Which of the following is true of amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
B)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
C)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via α(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. 
D)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via β(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. 
A)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
B)  It consists of as many as 4000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. 
C)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by α(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via α(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. 
D)  It consists of as many as 10,000 D-glucose units linearly linked by β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds and there are branches every 24-30 units via β(1 → 6) glycosidic bonds.

Question 20

The formation of a glycoside from a sugar is which of the following reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  reduction 
D)  oxidation 
A)  condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  reduction 
D)  oxidation

Exam 20: Carbohydrates

Examine the following structures. ​ A B C D Which substance would be classified as a ketohexose?

In sucrose, which of the following describes the glycosidic bond between C-1 of glucose and C-2 of fructose?

The reaction of monosaccharides to form a disaccharide is an example of which of the following reactions?

Hyaluronic acid is which of the following?

Examine the following structures. ​ A B C D Which substances have an enantiomer with an L-configuration?

Which of the following explains why ketoses are reducing sugars?

For the solvents water, ethanol, and benzene which gives the correct order of solubility of monosaccharides?

The D-form of which of the following amino sugars is commonly found naturally?

Including pairs of enantiomers, how many different aldopentoses are there?

Which of the following determines blood type B in the ABO blood typing system?

What reaction occurs when glucose is converted to glucitol?

Which of the following is obtained as a result of the complete hydrolysis of starch?

How many chiral carbons are present in the open-chain form of a ketohexose?

Examine the following structures. A B C D Which substance will form a pyranose?

Which of the following reacts with sugars to form glycosides?

Under which of the following conditions can monosaccharides be oxidized to aldonic acids?

Which element is present in heparin but not in hyaluronic acid?

How many different D-aldohexoses are there?

Which of the following is true of amylopectin?

The formation of a glycoside from a sugar is which of the following reactions?

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Examine the following structures. A B C D Which substance would be classified as a ketohexose?

Examine the following structures. A B C D Which substances have an enantiomer with an L-configuration?