Question 1

From the perspective of the strands being synthesized, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are both synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction. 
B)  They are both synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction. 
C)  The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction and the lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction. 
D)  The leading strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction and the lagging strand is seemingly synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction. 
A)  They are both synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction. 
B)  They are both synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction. 
C)  The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction and the lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction. 
D)  The leading strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction and the lagging strand is seemingly synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction.

Question 2

Ribosomes are made up of how many subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 3

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lowering the concentration of Mg2+ causes irreversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
B)  Lowering the concentration of Mg2+ causes reversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
C)  Raising the concentration of Mg2+ causes irreversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
D)  Raising the concentration of Mg2+ causes reversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
A)  Lowering the concentration of Mg2+ causes irreversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
B)  Lowering the concentration of Mg2+ causes reversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
C)  Raising the concentration of Mg2+ causes irreversible dissociation of the ribosome. 
D)  Raising the concentration of Mg2+ causes reversible dissociation of the ribosome.

Question 4

How many different types of tRNA must an organism have?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  15 
D)  at least 20 
A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  15 
D)  at least 20

Question 5

How many different kinds of nucleic acid are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 6

Which of the following is true of the leading strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is produced more rapidly than the lagging strand. 
B)  It is produced more slowly than the lagging strand. 
C)  It is produced continuously. 
D)  It is produced discontinuously. 
A)  It is produced more rapidly than the lagging strand. 
B)  It is produced more slowly than the lagging strand. 
C)  It is produced continuously. 
D)  It is produced discontinuously.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the lagging strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is produced more rapidly than the leading strand. 
B)  It is produced at the same rate as the leading strand. 
C)  It is produced continuously. 
D)  It is produced discontinuously. 
A)  It is produced more rapidly than the leading strand. 
B)  It is produced at the same rate as the leading strand. 
C)  It is produced continuously. 
D)  It is produced discontinuously.

Question 8

How many different bases are found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 9

Which of the following are identical in DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  the helical structure 
B)  the identity of the bases 
C)  the identity of the sugar 
D)  the sugar to phosphate linkages 
A)  the helical structure 
B)  the identity of the bases 
C)  the identity of the sugar 
D)  the sugar to phosphate linkages

Question 10

How many different bases can be found in tRNA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  more than 4 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  more than 4

Question 11

Which of the following is true at the growing end of a daughter strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  There must be a nucleotide with a free 3' hydroxyl. 
B)  There must be a nucleotide with a free 5' hydroxyl. 
C)  There must be a nucleotide with a free phosphate. 
D)  There are no special requirements. 
A)  There must be a nucleotide with a free 3' hydroxyl. 
B)  There must be a nucleotide with a free 5' hydroxyl. 
C)  There must be a nucleotide with a free phosphate. 
D)  There are no special requirements.

Question 12

Which of the following has a primary amine as part of its structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine 
B)  thymine 
C)  uracil 
D)  none of these 
A)  guanine 
B)  thymine 
C)  uracil 
D)  none of these

Question 13

A single gene will always do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  determine a physical characteristic of an individual 
B)  code for a specific protein or type of RNA 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  determine a physical characteristic of an individual 
B)  code for a specific protein or type of RNA 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 14

Examine the following structural formula.  
-Which of the following correctly classifies this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary structure 
B)  secondary structure 
C)  higher order structure 
A)  primary structure 
B)  secondary structure 
C)  higher order structure

Question 15

Where are genes located?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the cytoplasm 
B)  in the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  in the lipid bilayer 
D)  in the nucleus 
A)  in the cytoplasm 
B)  in the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  in the lipid bilayer 
D)  in the nucleus

Question 16

Which of the following scientists is most closely associated with analyzing the base content of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. Avery 
B)  G. Beadle 
C)  E. Chargaff 
D)  J. Watson 
A)  O. Avery 
B)  G. Beadle 
C)  E. Chargaff 
D)  J. Watson

Question 17

Which of the following is true of the telomeres found in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  The base sequence GGATTG is repeated a few times. 
B)  The base sequence GGATTG is repeated hundreds to thousands of times. 
C)  The base sequence TTAGGG is repeated a few times. 
D)  the base sequence TTAGGG is repeated hundreds to thousands of times. 
A)  The base sequence GGATTG is repeated a few times. 
B)  The base sequence GGATTG is repeated hundreds to thousands of times. 
C)  The base sequence TTAGGG is repeated a few times. 
D)  the base sequence TTAGGG is repeated hundreds to thousands of times.

Question 18

Which of the following is true if unwinding occurs in the middle of a molecule of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replication occurs only in the forward direction. 
B)  Replication occurs only in the reverse direction. 
C)  Replication occurs in both directions. 
D)  replication does not occur. 
A)  Replication occurs only in the forward direction. 
B)  Replication occurs only in the reverse direction. 
C)  Replication occurs in both directions. 
D)  replication does not occur.

Question 19

Which of the following experimental techniques is used in DNA fingerprinting?

Accepted Answer

A)  centrifugation 
B)  diffraction 
C)  electrophoresis 
D)  inking 
A)  centrifugation 
B)  diffraction 
C)  electrophoresis 
D)  inking

Question 20

Examine the structural formula given below.  
-Which of the following describes the components of this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  purine base and deoxyribose 
B)  purine base and ribose 
C)  pyrimidine base and deoxyribose 
D)  pyrimidine base and ribose 
A)  purine base and deoxyribose 
B)  purine base and ribose 
C)  pyrimidine base and deoxyribose 
D)  pyrimidine base and ribose

Exam 25: Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

From the perspective of the strands being synthesized, which of the following is true?

Ribosomes are made up of how many subunits?

Which of the following is true?

How many different types of tRNA must an organism have?

How many different kinds of nucleic acid are there?

Which of the following is true of the leading strand?

Which of the following is true of the lagging strand?

How many different bases are found in DNA?

Which of the following are identical in DNA and RNA?

How many different bases can be found in tRNA molecules?

Which of the following is true at the growing end of a daughter strand?

Which of the following has a primary amine as part of its structure?

A single gene will always do which of the following?

Examine the following structural formula. -Which of the following correctly classifies this structure?

Where are genes located?

Which of the following scientists is most closely associated with analyzing the base content of DNA?

Which of the following is true of the telomeres found in vertebrates?

Which of the following is true if unwinding occurs in the middle of a molecule of DNA?

Which of the following experimental techniques is used in DNA fingerprinting?

Examine the structural formula given below. -Which of the following describes the components of this substance?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes and Alkynes

Benzene and Its Derivatives

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters