Question 1

Which of the following is true of the two daughter strands of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are both synthesized continuously. 
B)  They are both synthesized discontinuously. 
C)  The lagging strand is synthesizes continuously, but the leading strand is synthesized discontinuously. 
D)  The leading strand is synthesizes continuously, but the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously. 
A)  They are both synthesized continuously. 
B)  They are both synthesized discontinuously. 
C)  The lagging strand is synthesizes continuously, but the leading strand is synthesized discontinuously. 
D)  The leading strand is synthesizes continuously, but the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously.

Question 2

Examine the following structural formula.  
-Which of the following correctly describes the components of this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  purine base, ribose, phosphate 
B)  purine base, deoxyribose, phosphate 
C)  pyrimidine base, ribose, phosphate 
D)  pyrimidine base, deoxyribose, phosphate 
A)  purine base, ribose, phosphate 
B)  purine base, deoxyribose, phosphate 
C)  pyrimidine base, ribose, phosphate 
D)  pyrimidine base, deoxyribose, phosphate

Question 3

Examine the following structural formula.  
-Which of the following would be a correct name for this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  dGTP 
B)  GTP 
C)  ATP 
D)  dATP 
A)  dGTP 
B)  GTP 
C)  ATP 
D)  dATP

Question 4

Which pair of bases is linked together by three hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine and cytosine 
B)  adenine and thymine 
C)  guanine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and thymine 
A)  adenine and cytosine 
B)  adenine and thymine 
C)  guanine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and thymine

Question 5

Which scientist is most closely associated with showing that DNA is the molecule that carries hereditary information?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. Avery 
B)  G. Beadle 
C)  E. Chargaff 
D)  J. Watson 
A)  O. Avery 
B)  G. Beadle 
C)  E. Chargaff 
D)  J. Watson

Question 6

Which of the following types of RNA is important in controlling gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  siRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  siRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 7

Which of the following types of chemicals is most likely to cause a mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a strong acid 
B)  a strong base 
C)  a strong oxidizing agent 
D)  None, they are all equally likely to cause a mutation. 
A)  a strong acid 
B)  a strong base 
C)  a strong oxidizing agent 
D)  None, they are all equally likely to cause a mutation.

Question 8

Which pair of bases is linked together by two hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine and guanine 
B)  adenine and thymine 
C)  guanine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and thymine 
A)  adenine and guanine 
B)  adenine and thymine 
C)  guanine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and thymine

Question 9

Examine the structural formula given below.  
-Which of the following is a correct name for this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenosine 
B)  dexoxyadenosine 
C)  guanosine 
D)  deoxyguanosine 
A)  adenosine 
B)  dexoxyadenosine 
C)  guanosine 
D)  deoxyguanosine

Question 10

Which type of RNA binds to sections of mRNA to prevent their translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA 
B)  siRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  rRNA 
B)  siRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 11

Which of the following properly describes processes which occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously. 
B)  In neither prokaryotes and eukaryotes do transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously. 
C)  In eukaryotes transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously, but in prokaryotes these processes occur sequentially and in different regions. 
D)  In prokaryotes transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously, but in eukaryotes these processes occur sequentially and in different regions. 
A)  In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously. 
B)  In neither prokaryotes and eukaryotes do transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously. 
C)  In eukaryotes transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously, but in prokaryotes these processes occur sequentially and in different regions. 
D)  In prokaryotes transcription and protein synthesis occur simultaneously, but in eukaryotes these processes occur sequentially and in different regions.

Question 12

How many DNA base pairs are wound around the histone core of a nucleosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  47 
B)  97 
C)  147 
D)  197 
A)  47 
B)  97 
C)  147 
D)  197

Question 13

The "D" in DNA stands for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  β-2-deoxy-D-ribose 
B)  β-2-deoxy-L-ribose 
C)  β-3-deoxy-D-ribose 
D)  β-3-deoxy-L-ribose 
A)  β-2-deoxy-D-ribose 
B)  β-2-deoxy-L-ribose 
C)  β-3-deoxy-D-ribose 
D)  β-3-deoxy-L-ribose

Question 14

How many nucleotides are removed in the nucleotide excision repair mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  as many as 25 to 32 
C)  as many as 100 
D)  more than 100 
A)  1 
B)  as many as 25 to 32 
C)  as many as 100 
D)  more than 100

Question 15

How many histones are part of a nucleosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  8 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  8

Question 16

Which of the following correctly describes satellites?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated a few times. 
B)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated many times. 
C)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated a few times. 
D)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated many times. 
A)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated a few times. 
B)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated many times. 
C)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated a few times. 
D)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated many times.

Question 17

Which of the following correctly compares the ribosomes of prokaryotes with those of eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The small units are the same size, but the large unit is larger in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
B)  The small units are the same size, but the large unit is smaller in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
C)  The large units are the same size, but the small unit is larger in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
D)  The large units are the same size, but the small unit is smaller in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
A)  The small units are the same size, but the large unit is larger in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
B)  The small units are the same size, but the large unit is smaller in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
C)  The large units are the same size, but the small unit is larger in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 
D)  The large units are the same size, but the small unit is smaller in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes.

Question 18

Which of the following forms of RNA complexes with proteins in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 19

Where in the nucleosome are the histones found?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the core, with the DNA wrapped around them 
B)  on the outside, wrapped around the DNA 
C)  uniformly distributed throughout 
D)  All of the above arrangements can be found. 
A)  in the core, with the DNA wrapped around them 
B)  on the outside, wrapped around the DNA 
C)  uniformly distributed throughout 
D)  All of the above arrangements can be found.

Question 20

Which base found in RNA is not found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine 
B)  cytosine 
C)  guanine 
D)  uracil 
A)  adenine 
B)  cytosine 
C)  guanine 
D)  uracil

Exam 25: Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Which of the following is true of the two daughter strands of DNA?

Examine the following structural formula. -Which of the following correctly describes the components of this substance?

Examine the following structural formula. -Which of the following would be a correct name for this substance?

Which pair of bases is linked together by three hydrogen bonds?

Which scientist is most closely associated with showing that DNA is the molecule that carries hereditary information?

Which of the following types of RNA is important in controlling gene expression?

Which of the following types of chemicals is most likely to cause a mutation?

Which pair of bases is linked together by two hydrogen bonds?

Examine the structural formula given below. -Which of the following is a correct name for this substance?

Which type of RNA binds to sections of mRNA to prevent their translation?

Which of the following properly describes processes which occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

How many DNA base pairs are wound around the histone core of a nucleosome?

The "D" in DNA stands for which of the following?

How many nucleotides are removed in the nucleotide excision repair mechanism?

How many histones are part of a nucleosome?

Which of the following correctly describes satellites?

Which of the following correctly compares the ribosomes of prokaryotes with those of eukaryotes?

Which of the following forms of RNA complexes with proteins in the nucleus?

Where in the nucleosome are the histones found?

Which base found in RNA is not found in DNA?

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