Question 1

Which of the following describes the typical composition of a ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  100% protein 
B)  100% rRNA 
C)  65% protein and 35% rRNA 
D)  65% rRNA and 35% protein 
A)  100% protein 
B)  100% rRNA 
C)  65% protein and 35% rRNA 
D)  65% rRNA and 35% protein

Question 2

Which of the following is the convention used to specify the sequence of bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  We start at the 3' end. 
B)  We start at the 5' end. 
C)  We start at the end closest to the first adenine. 
D)  we start at the end closest to the first thymine. 
A)  We start at the 3' end. 
B)  We start at the 5' end. 
C)  We start at the end closest to the first adenine. 
D)  we start at the end closest to the first thymine.

Question 3

Which of the following does not have a primary amine as part of its structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine 
B)  cytosine 
C)  guanine 
D)  thymine 
A)  adenine 
B)  cytosine 
C)  guanine 
D)  thymine

Question 4

Approximately how many cells are found in a typical human adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 × 106 
B)  1 × 109 
C)  1 × 1012 
D)  1 × 1015 
A)  1 × 106 
B)  1 × 109 
C)  1 × 1012 
D)  1 × 1015

Question 5

Why is replication called semiconservative?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only some of the leading strand is conserved. 
B)  Only some of the lagging stand is conserved. 
C)  Each new molecule of DNA contains one template stand and one daughter strand. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  Only some of the leading strand is conserved. 
B)  Only some of the lagging stand is conserved. 
C)  Each new molecule of DNA contains one template stand and one daughter strand. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 6

In PCR what temperature is needed to unwind the DNA and make it single stranded so it can hybridize with the primer?

Accepted Answer

A)  25°C 
B)  50°C 
C)  70°C 
D)  95°C 
A)  25°C 
B)  50°C 
C)  70°C 
D)  95°C

Question 7

Which of the following is where genetic information is located?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes 
B)  endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  histones 
D)  ribosomes 
A)  chromosomes 
B)  endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  histones 
D)  ribosomes

Question 8

Which of the following is not found in chromatin?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  histones 
C)  nonhistone proteins 
D)  None of these, they are all found in chromatin. 
A)  DNA 
B)  histones 
C)  nonhistone proteins 
D)  None of these, they are all found in chromatin.

Question 9

Examine the following structural formula.  
-Which of the following correctly classifies this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleoside 
B)  nucleotide 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  purine base 
E)  pyrimidine base 
A)  nucleoside 
B)  nucleotide 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  purine base 
E)  pyrimidine base

Question 10

How many phosphate groups are part of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)  only 1 
B)  only 2 
C)  only 3 
D)  1, 2 or 3 
A)  only 1 
B)  only 2 
C)  only 3 
D)  1, 2 or 3

Question 11

Which of the following correctly describes the distribution and function of telomerase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is found in immortal cells and shortens long telomeres. 
B)  It is found in somatic cells and shortens long telomeres. 
C)  It is found in immortal cells and lengthens shortened telomeres. 
D)  It is found in somatic cells and lengthens shortened telomeres. 
A)  It is found in immortal cells and shortens long telomeres. 
B)  It is found in somatic cells and shortens long telomeres. 
C)  It is found in immortal cells and lengthens shortened telomeres. 
D)  It is found in somatic cells and lengthens shortened telomeres.

Question 12

Examine the following structural formula.  
-Which of the following correctly classifies this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleoside 
B)  nucleotide 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  purine base 
E)  pyrimidine base 
A)  nucleoside 
B)  nucleotide 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  purine base 
E)  pyrimidine base

Question 13

What is the approximate molecular weight of a ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 × 105 amu 
B)  5 × 105 amu 
C)  1 × 106 amu 
D)  5 × 106 amu 
A)  1 × 105 amu 
B)  5 × 105 amu 
C)  1 × 106 amu 
D)  5 × 106 amu

Question 14

siRNAs cause the degradation of specific molecules of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 15

DNA in the chromosomes has an important role in which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  reproducing itself 
B)  making proteins 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  reproducing itself 
B)  making proteins 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 16

Which of the following describes the large ribosomal unit of eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  three molecules of rRNA and approximately 35 different proteins 
B)  three molecules of rRNA and approximately 50 different proteins 
C)  two molecules of rRNA and approximately 35 different proteins 
D)  two molecules of rRNA and approximately 50 different proteins 
A)  three molecules of rRNA and approximately 35 different proteins 
B)  three molecules of rRNA and approximately 50 different proteins 
C)  two molecules of rRNA and approximately 35 different proteins 
D)  two molecules of rRNA and approximately 50 different proteins

Question 17

Acetylation of histones occurs at which residues of the protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  cysteine 
B)  histidine 
C)  lysine 
D)  phenylalanine 
A)  cysteine 
B)  histidine 
C)  lysine 
D)  phenylalanine

Question 18

Which of the following is true of DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  both are found in chromosomes 
B)  DNA is found in chromosomes, but RNA is not 
C)  RNA is found in chromosomes, but DNA is not 
D)  neither is found in chromosomes 
A)  both are found in chromosomes 
B)  DNA is found in chromosomes, but RNA is not 
C)  RNA is found in chromosomes, but DNA is not 
D)  neither is found in chromosomes

Question 19

Approximately how many nucleotides are in the Okazaki fragments in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  200 
C)  2000 
D)  20,000 
A)  20 
B)  200 
C)  2000 
D)  20,000

Question 20

Which of the following is not part of the backbone of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  a bases 
B)  the phosphates 
C)  the sugars 
D)  None, they are all part of the backbone. 
A)  a bases 
B)  the phosphates 
C)  the sugars 
D)  None, they are all part of the backbone.

Exam 25: Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Which of the following describes the typical composition of a ribosome?

Which of the following is the convention used to specify the sequence of bases in DNA?

Which of the following does not have a primary amine as part of its structure?

Approximately how many cells are found in a typical human adult?

Why is replication called semiconservative?

In PCR what temperature is needed to unwind the DNA and make it single stranded so it can hybridize with the primer?

Which of the following is where genetic information is located?

Which of the following is not found in chromatin?

Examine the following structural formula. -Which of the following correctly classifies this substance?

How many phosphate groups are part of a nucleotide?

Which of the following correctly describes the distribution and function of telomerase?

Examine the following structural formula. -Which of the following correctly classifies this substance?

What is the approximate molecular weight of a ribosome?

siRNAs cause the degradation of specific molecules of which of the following?

DNA in the chromosomes has an important role in which of the following functions?

Which of the following describes the large ribosomal unit of eukaryotes?

Acetylation of histones occurs at which residues of the protein?

Which of the following is true of DNA and RNA?

Approximately how many nucleotides are in the Okazaki fragments in prokaryotes?

Which of the following is not part of the backbone of DNA?

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