Exam 4: Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Magnesium hydroxide is insoluble. Write the net ionic equation for the reaction that takes place between a solution of magnesium chloride and a solution of sodium hydroxide.

Which of the following cartoons depicts a solution?

Identify the oxidizing agent in the following reaction. 2Hg₂²⁺(aq) Sn²⁺(aq) 2Hg(l ) Sn⁴⁺(aq)

Sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃, molar mass = 158.2 g/mol) is used in the development of photographic film. Your summer job is at a photography lab and you need to check the purity of an outdated supply. You react 40.21 mL of 0.246 M iodine solution with a 3.232 g sample. What is the percent purity of the sodium thiosulfate that you report to your boss? I₂(aq) +2S₂O₃^2-(aq) 2I^-(aq) S₄O₆^2-(aq)

Milk of Magnesia is a liquid antacid. The active ingredient is magnesium hydroxide. What volume of 0.15 M stomach acid (HCl) could be neutralized by a dose of 10.0 mL containing 820 mg of the active ingredient?

The carbon cycle characterizes the cyclic transformations of the element carbon through the environment and biomass. Some of the important species in this cycle are CO₂, CO₃^2-, C₆H₁₂O₆, and CH₄. Which of these compounds would undergo complete oxidation by O₂ to give the largest change in oxidation number?

Tube worms that survive near geothermal vents of hydrogen sulfide rely on bacteria living inside them to obtain energy by the oxidation of H₂S to SO₄^2-. What is the overall change in the oxidation number of sulfur for this reaction?

Write the net ionic equation for the reaction that takes place between a solution of potassium chloride and a solution of lead nitrate.

The concentration of iron(II) ions in water can be determined by titration with potassium permanganate in acid solution as shown by the incomplete unbalanced reaction equation below. Identify the stoichiometric coefficient of the iron(II) ion in the balanced reaction equation. Fe²⁺(aq) MnO₄^- Fe³⁺(aq) Mn²⁺(aq)

Write the balanced molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations for the reaction that takes place between a solution of lead(II) nitrate and sodium sulfate.

Write the complete ionic equation for the reaction that takes place between a solution of lead(II) nitrate and sodium sulfate.

In carrying out a titration of a hydrochloric acid solution with a standard sodium hydroxide solution, a student went beyond the end point before reading the volume on the burette. That is, the volume used was larger than the volume required to reach the end point. How will this error affect the calculated concentration of the hydrochloric acid?

In its reaction with water, ammonia (NH₃) ________

The World Health Organization recommends that the maximum allowable concentration of chromium(VI) in drinking water be limited to 0.05 mg/L. If the molar absorptivity of chromium(VI) at 345 nm is 1.5 10³/(M cm), what is the absorbance of a solution that contains 0.050 mg/L in a 10-cm-long cell?

Identify a spectator ion in the following acid-base reaction. Ca(CO₃)(s) 2HCl(aq) CaCl₂(aq) 2H₂O(l ) CO₂(g)

Identify the oxidation number of the nonoxygen atoms in each of the following compounds: S₂O₃^2-, MnO₄^-, HPO₄^-, ClO₃^-, CO₂

Which of the following phosphate compounds is soluble in water?

Controlling the concentration of ammonia is one of the biggest problems in maintaining a healthy fish aquarium. Ammonia, which is highly toxic to fish because it interferes with their uptake of oxygen, is formed from wastes excreted by the fish, uneaten food, and decaying plants. Beneficial bacteria oxidize the ammonia to nitrate, which is not highly toxic to fish in low to moderate levels. Complete and balance the following reaction equation describing the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate in basic solution. NH₃(aq) + O₂(aq) $\to$ NO₃^-(aq)

What is the concentration, in g/L, of a 0.100 M sodium chloride solution?

In carrying out a titration of a potassium hydroxide solution with a standard hydrochloric acid solution, a student misread the volume on the burette. That is, the actual volume recorded was smaller than the volume required to reach the end point. How will this error affect the calculated concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution?