Question 1

The most common allotrope of carbon is ________

Accepted Answer

A) coal. 
B) graphite. 
C) soot. 
D) diamond. 
E) carbon steel. 
A) coal. 
B) graphite. 
C) soot. 
D) diamond. 
E) carbon steel.

Question 2

If a face-centered cubic unit cell has a volume of 1.447 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 108 pm3 and the ions at the corners touch the ion on the face, what must be the ion's radius?

Accepted Answer

A) 186 pm 
B) 388 pm 
C) 4,243 pm 
D) 125 pm 
E) 1,050 pm 
A) 186 pm 
B) 388 pm 
C) 4,243 pm 
D) 125 pm 
E) 1,050 pm

Question 3

Iron (Fe) crystallizes as a body-centered unit cell and has an atomic radius of 126 pm. What is the edge length for the unit cell of iron?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Iron (Fe) crystallizes as a body-centered unit...

Question 4

In ionic solids, one ion often occupies a hole in the unit cell defined by the other ion. In a face-centered cubic cell, what are the types and numbers of each hole?

Accepted Answer

type: tetrahedral; n

Question 5

A tetrahedral hole in a crystal lattice is defined as ________

Accepted Answer

A) one-half of an octahedral hole. 
B) the space between any number of atoms having tetrahedral edges. 
C) the space between a cage of sp3 hybridized atoms, such as in diamond. 
D) the space between a cluster of four adjacent atoms arranged in a tetrahedron. 
E) a large hole having four flat sides arranged in a tetrahedral shape. 
A) one-half of an octahedral hole. 
B) the space between any number of atoms having tetrahedral edges. 
C) the space between a cage of sp3 hybridized atoms, such as in diamond. 
D) the space between a cluster of four adjacent atoms arranged in a tetrahedron. 
E) a large hole having four flat sides arranged in a tetrahedral shape.

Question 6

In ionic solids, one ion often occupies holes in the unit cell defined by the other ion. In a simple cubic cell, what are the types of holes that are found and the number of holes of each type?

Accepted Answer

type: cubi

Question 7

In a two-component alloy the more abundant metal can be thought of as the solvent while the less abundant metal can be thought of as the solute. Which of the following would not change the position of atoms in the solvent's unit cell?
I.a solute with the same atomic radius as the solvent
II.a solute that was sufficiently small to fit into holes in the solvent's unit cell
III.a solvent that was sufficiently small to fit into holes in the solute's unit cell

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I or II 
E) I, II, or III 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I or II 
E) I, II, or III

Question 8

Draw the skeleton structure for the monomer or monomers from which the following polymer is derived.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the skeleton structure for the monomer...

Question 9

Methyl methacrylate, illustrated below, is the monomer for poly(methyl methacrylate), which is used in making shatterproof transparent plastic. Draw a few subunits of the skeleton structure of poly(methyl methacrylate).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Methyl methacrylate, illustrated below, is the monomer...

Question 10

Compare the packing efficiency of face-centered cubic gold and face-centered cubic copper.

Accepted Answer

A) The efficiency of packing in the gold unit cell is higher. 
B) The efficiency of packing in the copper unit cell is higher. 
C) The efficiencies of packing in the unit cells of these two metals are the same. 
D) Packing efficiencies are not defined for metals. 
E) There is no way to compare without further information. 
A) The efficiency of packing in the gold unit cell is higher. 
B) The efficiency of packing in the copper unit cell is higher. 
C) The efficiencies of packing in the unit cells of these two metals are the same. 
D) Packing efficiencies are not defined for metals. 
E) There is no way to compare without further information.

Question 11

In the solid-state structure of sodium chloride, the closest distance between the centers of ions is observed ________

Accepted Answer

A) between adjacent sodium ions on the edge of the unit cell. 
B) between adjacent chloride ions on the edge of the unit cell. 
C) between adjacent sodium ions on the face and one corner of the unit cell. 
D) between adjacent chloride ions on the face and one corner of the unit cell. 
E) between all adjacent sodium and chloride ions. 
A) between adjacent sodium ions on the edge of the unit cell. 
B) between adjacent chloride ions on the edge of the unit cell. 
C) between adjacent sodium ions on the face and one corner of the unit cell. 
D) between adjacent chloride ions on the face and one corner of the unit cell. 
E) between all adjacent sodium and chloride ions.

Question 12

What type of crystal structure produces an aaaaaa layering pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) hexagonal 
B) face-centered cubic 
C) simple cubic 
D) body-centered cubic 
E) hexagonal or body-centered cubic 
A) hexagonal 
B) face-centered cubic 
C) simple cubic 
D) body-centered cubic 
E) hexagonal or body-centered cubic

Question 13

If a body-centered cubic unit cell has a volume of 1.447 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 108 pm3, what must be the dimension of the cube's edge in picometers?

Accepted Answer

Question 14

Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin prepared a linear allotrope of carbon in 1998. What is the hybridization of its atomic orbitals?

Accepted Answer

A) sp 
B) sp2 
C) sp3 
D) sp3d 
E) Cannot be determined from the information provided. 
A) sp 
B) sp2 
C) sp3 
D) sp3d 
E) Cannot be determined from the information provided.

Question 15

An atom in a particular unit cell has 12 nearest neighbor atoms around it. Which unit cell(s) are possible?

Accepted Answer

A) simple cubic 
B) body-centered cubic 
C) face-centered cubic 
D) hexagonal 
E) face-centered cubic or hexagonal 
A) simple cubic 
B) body-centered cubic 
C) face-centered cubic 
D) hexagonal 
E) face-centered cubic or hexagonal

Question 16

How many nearest neighbor atoms are there around each atom in a simple cubic unit cell?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 10 
E) 12 
A) 4 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 10 
E) 12

Question 17

In comparing the density of bronze composed of 20% tin to the density of pure copper, ________

Accepted Answer

A) the density of the bronze is higher. 
B) the density of the bronze is lower. 
C) the density of the bronze is the same. 
D) the density of the bronze depends on whether the tin or the copper occupies holes. 
E) It cannot be determined, because only the 1:1 intermetallic compound of tin and copper has ever been observed. 
A) the density of the bronze is higher. 
B) the density of the bronze is lower. 
C) the density of the bronze is the same. 
D) the density of the bronze depends on whether the tin or the copper occupies holes. 
E) It cannot be determined, because only the 1:1 intermetallic compound of tin and copper has ever been observed.

Question 18

Aluminum alloys are more desirable than steel in some applications because of their relatively ________

Accepted Answer

A) low density. 
B) low cost. 
C) high luster. 
D) high warmth to touch. 
E) high conductivity. 
A) low density. 
B) low cost. 
C) high luster. 
D) high warmth to touch. 
E) high conductivity.

Question 19

The hybridization of atomic orbitals in diamond is ________

Accepted Answer

A) none, since it is the element. 
B) sp. 
C) sp2. 
D) sp3. 
E) dsp3. 
A) none, since it is the element. 
B) sp. 
C) sp2. 
D) sp3. 
E) dsp3.

Question 20

How many carbons are bonded to each carbon in graphite?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) some have 2 and some have 3 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) some have 2 and some have 3

Exam 12: Solids: Crystals, Alloys, and Polymers

The most common allotrope of carbon is ________

If a face-centered cubic unit cell has a volume of 1.447  108 pm3 and the ions at the corners touch the ion on the face, what must be the ion's radius?

Iron (Fe) crystallizes as a body-centered unit cell and has an atomic radius of 126 pm. What is the edge length for the unit cell of iron?

In ionic solids, one ion often occupies a hole in the unit cell defined by the other ion. In a face-centered cubic cell, what are the types and numbers of each hole?

A tetrahedral hole in a crystal lattice is defined as ________

In ionic solids, one ion often occupies holes in the unit cell defined by the other ion. In a simple cubic cell, what are the types of holes that are found and the number of holes of each type?

Draw the skeleton structure for the monomer or monomers from which the following polymer is derived.

Methyl methacrylate, illustrated below, is the monomer for poly(methyl methacrylate), which is used in making shatterproof transparent plastic. Draw a few subunits of the skeleton structure of poly(methyl methacrylate).

Compare the packing efficiency of face-centered cubic gold and face-centered cubic copper.

In the solid-state structure of sodium chloride, the closest distance between the centers of ions is observed ________

What type of crystal structure produces an aaaaaa layering pattern?

If a body-centered cubic unit cell has a volume of 1.447  108 pm3, what must be the dimension of the cube's edge in picometers?

Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin prepared a linear allotrope of carbon in 1998. What is the hybridization of its atomic orbitals?

An atom in a particular unit cell has 12 nearest neighbor atoms around it. Which unit cell(s) are possible?

How many nearest neighbor atoms are there around each atom in a simple cubic unit cell?

In comparing the density of bronze composed of 20% tin to the density of pure copper, ________

Aluminum alloys are more desirable than steel in some applications because of their relatively ________

The hybridization of atomic orbitals in diamond is ________

How many carbons are bonded to each carbon in graphite?

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Atmosphere

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acidbase Equilibria: Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Additional Aqueous Equilibria: Chemistry and the Oceans

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: The Quest for Clean Energy

Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

Organic and Biological Molecules: the Compounds of Life

The Main Group Elements: Life and the Periodic Table

Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

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If a face-centered cubic unit cell has a volume of 1.447  10⁸ pm³ and the ions at the corners touch the ion on the face, what must be the ion's radius?

If a body-centered cubic unit cell has a volume of 1.447  10⁸ pm³, what must be the dimension of the cube's edge in picometers?