Question 1

Analysis of enzyme activity in both liver and muscle cells on insulin exposure would show an increase in the activity of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucokinase 
B)  protein phosphatase 2A 
C)  glycogen phosphorylase 
D)  pyruvate dehydrogenase complex 
A)  glucokinase 
B)  protein phosphatase 2A 
C)  glycogen phosphorylase 
D)  pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Question 2

The expected outcome in adipose tissue after exposure to glucagon would be an increased

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose uptake through GLUT4. 
B)  glycerol synthesis. 
C)  fatty acid uptake from lipoprotein particles. 
D)  triacylglycerol hydrolysis. 
A)  glucose uptake through GLUT4. 
B)  glycerol synthesis. 
C)  fatty acid uptake from lipoprotein particles. 
D)  triacylglycerol hydrolysis.

Question 3

After a meal is consumed by an individual with chronically elevated levels of free fatty acids,__________ is expected to occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased glucose uptake 
B)  increased activation of protein kinase C 
C)  increased glycogen synthesis 
D)  activation of the phosphoinoside-3 kinase pathway 
A)  increased glucose uptake 
B)  increased activation of protein kinase C 
C)  increased glycogen synthesis 
D)  activation of the phosphoinoside-3 kinase pathway

Question 4

What are the two aspects of energy within an organism that must be considered to determine the energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Energy inp

Question 5

What might occur if a mutation in the leptin receptor causes it to be always activated,even in the absence of leptin?

Accepted Answer

A)  JAK2 will be activated. 
B)    -MSH secretion will be low. 
C)  NPY secretion will be high. 
D)  AGRP secretion will be high. 
A)  JAK2 will be activated. 
B)    -MSH secretion will be low. 
C)  NPY secretion will be high. 
D)  AGRP secretion will be high.

Question 6

TNF-   causes the __________ of insulin signaling in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition; muscle cells 
B)  activation; liver cells 
C)  activation; adipocytes 
D)  activation; kidney cells 
A)  inhibition; muscle cells 
B)  activation; liver cells 
C)  activation; adipocytes 
D)  activation; kidney cells

Question 7

Which of the following would be expected to be degraded by the proteasome in a cell that has been exposed to TNF-   ?

Accepted Answer

A)  IRS1 
B)  phosphorylated IRS1 
C)  phosphorylated I  B   
D)  NF  B 
A)  IRS1 
B)  phosphorylated IRS1 
C)  phosphorylated I  B   
D)  NF  B

Question 8

Which tissue participates in the Cori cycle in order to maintain metabolic homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  adipose tissue 
C)  kidney 
D)  brain 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  adipose tissue 
C)  kidney 
D)  brain

Question 9

Propose an experimental design using identical twins that would support the thrifty gene hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

Follow identical twi

Question 10

Metformin is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)    -glucosidase inhibitor. 
B)  sulfonylurea inhibitor of pancreatic ATP-dependent K+ channels. 
C)  AMPK stimulator. 
D)  PPAR  
Agonist. 
A)    -glucosidase inhibitor. 
B)  sulfonylurea inhibitor of pancreatic ATP-dependent K+ channels. 
C)  AMPK stimulator. 
D)  PPAR  
Agonist.

Question 11

During periods of starvation,gluconeogenesis increases in the liver.Which of the following is a major substrate for glucose biosynthesis under these conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  alanine 
C)  urea 
D)  fatty acids 
A)  glutamate 
B)  alanine 
C)  urea 
D)  fatty acids

Question 12

What might be the outcome of a mutation that causes the adiponectin receptor to be constitutively activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  very low levels of GLUT4 in muscle cell membranes 
B)  high levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity 
C)  insulin resistance 
D)  highly activated AMPK 
A)  very low levels of GLUT4 in muscle cell membranes 
B)  high levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity 
C)  insulin resistance 
D)  highly activated AMPK

Question 13

Which organ is responsible for regulating physiological levels of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver 
B)  muscle 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  brain 
A)  liver 
B)  muscle 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  brain

Question 14

Metabolic homeostasis relies on maintaining

Accepted Answer

A)  maximum ATP synthase activity. 
B)  optimal metabolite concentrations. 
C)  maximum flux through the citric acid cycle. 
D)  minimal inhibition of gluconeogenesis. 
A)  maximum ATP synthase activity. 
B)  optimal metabolite concentrations. 
C)  maximum flux through the citric acid cycle. 
D)  minimal inhibition of gluconeogenesis.

Question 15

A physician believes her patient has metabolic syndrome.In her examining room,she checks the patient's visceral fat levels and blood pressure.She then writes out a prescription for the patient to obtain bloodwork.The bloodwork includes a glucose tolerance test.What additional bloodwork should the physician order for the patient?

Accepted Answer

Analysis of LDL and

Question 16

DB mice display the __________ phenotype and express __________ leptin levels when compared with OB mice.

Accepted Answer

A)  same; higher 
B)  same; lower 
C)  different; higher 
D)  different; lower 
A)  same; higher 
B)  same; lower 
C)  different; higher 
D)  different; lower

Question 17

Predict the metabolic outcome of a partial inhibition of lipoprotein lipase.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurons in the brain would no longer use free fatty acids as a fuel source. 
B)  Rates of glycogen breakdown in heart muscle would increase. 
C)  Levels of ketone bodies in the blood would decrease. 
D)  Liver lactate dehydrogenase activity levels would decrease. 
A)  Neurons in the brain would no longer use free fatty acids as a fuel source. 
B)  Rates of glycogen breakdown in heart muscle would increase. 
C)  Levels of ketone bodies in the blood would decrease. 
D)  Liver lactate dehydrogenase activity levels would decrease.

Question 18

Which list correctly places the foods in order of lowest to highest glycemic index?

Accepted Answer

A)  corn chips < soda < cherries 
B)  peanuts < donut < skim milk 
C)  broccoli < soda < corn chips 
D)  donut < broccoli < pretzel 
A)  corn chips < soda < cherries 
B)  peanuts < donut < skim milk 
C)  broccoli < soda < corn chips 
D)  donut < broccoli < pretzel

Question 19

Analysis of a patient with metabolic syndrome would indicate low

Accepted Answer

A)  HDL levels. 
B)  LDL levels. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  visceral fat. 
A)  HDL levels. 
B)  LDL levels. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  visceral fat.

Question 20

A steep drop in blood glucose concentration occurs after consumption of high glycemic index foods because of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin spike. 
B)  glucagon spike. 
C)  insulin drop. 
D)  catecholamine spike. 
A)  insulin spike. 
B)  glucagon spike. 
C)  insulin drop. 
D)  catecholamine spike.

Exam 19: Metabolic Integration

Analysis of enzyme activity in both liver and muscle cells on insulin exposure would show an increase in the activity of which of the following?

The expected outcome in adipose tissue after exposure to glucagon would be an increased

After a meal is consumed by an individual with chronically elevated levels of free fatty acids,__________ is expected to occur.

What are the two aspects of energy within an organism that must be considered to determine the energy balance?

What might occur if a mutation in the leptin receptor causes it to be always activated,even in the absence of leptin?

TNF- causes the __________ of insulin signaling in __________.

Which of the following would be expected to be degraded by the proteasome in a cell that has been exposed to TNF- ?

Which tissue participates in the Cori cycle in order to maintain metabolic homeostasis?

Propose an experimental design using identical twins that would support the thrifty gene hypothesis.

Metformin is a(n)

During periods of starvation,gluconeogenesis increases in the liver.Which of the following is a major substrate for glucose biosynthesis under these conditions?

What might be the outcome of a mutation that causes the adiponectin receptor to be constitutively activated?

Which organ is responsible for regulating physiological levels of glucose?

Metabolic homeostasis relies on maintaining

DB mice display the __________ phenotype and express __________ leptin levels when compared with OB mice.

Predict the metabolic outcome of a partial inhibition of lipoprotein lipase.

Which list correctly places the foods in order of lowest to highest glycemic index?

Analysis of a patient with metabolic syndrome would indicate low

A steep drop in blood glucose concentration occurs after consumption of high glycemic index foods because of a(n)

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

TNF- causes the of insulin signaling in .

DB mice display the phenotype and express leptin levels when compared with OB mice.