Question 1

List the major enzymes and enzyme complexes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway,which are required to couple FADH2 oxidation with ATP synthesis.

Accepted Answer

Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)
Complex III (ubiquinone cytochrome c oxidoreductase)
Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase)
ATP synthase

Question 2

What would happen to the ETC and oxidative phosphorylation pathway in the presence of excess NADH if the mitochondrial matrix were not closed,but opened up to the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ETC complexes would function as normal, but no ATP would be made. 
B)  The ETC and synthesis of ATP would continue as normal. 
C)  The ETC complexes would transfer electrons from NADH to O2, but no protons would be pumped. 
D)  The NADH would react directly with O2, generating excess heat. 
A)  The ETC complexes would function as normal, but no ATP would be made. 
B)  The ETC and synthesis of ATP would continue as normal. 
C)  The ETC complexes would transfer electrons from NADH to O2, but no protons would be pumped. 
D)  The NADH would react directly with O2, generating excess heat. A

Question 3

Use the following picture of a mitochondrion and label the (A)matrix,(B)crista,(c)inner membrane space,(D)cytoplasm,(E)inner membrane,(F)outer membrane,(G)location of the ATP synthesis,(H)location of elevated pH,and (I)the location of the electron transport system complexes.

Accepted Answer

In addition,(D)the cytoplasm is outside the outer membrane; (H)the location of elevated pH is in the inner membrane space; and (I)the location of the electron transport system is on the inner membrane.

Question 4

Which is NOT involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents from succinate to molecular oxygen (O2)?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytochrome c 
B)  coenzyme Q 
C)  complex I 
D)  complex II 
A)  cytochrome c 
B)  coenzyme Q 
C)  complex I 
D)  complex II

Question 5

Which one of the following statements about the glycerol phosphate shuttle is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves the transfer of electrons from cytoplasmic NADH to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to yield glycerol phosphate. 
B)  It is more efficient than the malate aspartate shuttle. 
C)  NADH produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis ultimately leads to NADH in mitochondria. 
D)  Glycerol phosphate diffuses into the mitochondria. 
A)  It involves the transfer of electrons from cytoplasmic NADH to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to yield glycerol phosphate. 
B)  It is more efficient than the malate aspartate shuttle. 
C)  NADH produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis ultimately leads to NADH in mitochondria. 
D)  Glycerol phosphate diffuses into the mitochondria.

Question 6

Which one of the following is involved in the flow of electrons from NADH through the electron transport system to molecular oxygen (O2)?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP synthase 
B)  complex II 
C)  complex III 
D)  ATP 
A)  ATP synthase 
B)  complex II 
C)  complex III 
D)  ATP

Question 7

What is the effect of oligomycin,an ATP synthase inhibitor,on the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mitochondria cannot reduce NADH or make ATP. 
B)  No proton gradient is formed, and no ATP is synthesized. 
C)  Protons leak back into the cytoplasm. 
D)  The proton gradient is formed, but no ATP synthesis can occur. 
A)  The mitochondria cannot reduce NADH or make ATP. 
B)  No proton gradient is formed, and no ATP is synthesized. 
C)  Protons leak back into the cytoplasm. 
D)  The proton gradient is formed, but no ATP synthesis can occur.

Question 8

During transfer of ATP,ADP,and Pi,some of the proton gradient is lost in the

Accepted Answer

A)  movement of ATP into the mitochondria by the ATP/ADP translocase. 
B)  movement of ATP out of the mitochondria. 
C)  transport of ADP into the mitochondria by the ADP translocase. 
D)  transport of Pi into the mitochondria by the phosphate translocase. 
A)  movement of ATP into the mitochondria by the ATP/ADP translocase. 
B)  movement of ATP out of the mitochondria. 
C)  transport of ADP into the mitochondria by the ADP translocase. 
D)  transport of Pi into the mitochondria by the phosphate translocase.

Question 9

Which is the only electron carrier in the electron transport system that is not embedded in a membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  cytochrome c 
C)  coenzyme Q 
D)  complex I 
A)  ATP 
B)  cytochrome c 
C)  coenzyme Q 
D)  complex I

Question 10

Mitochondria

Accepted Answer

A)  selectively transport molecules from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space. 
B)  maintain a pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. 
C)  are found one per cell. 
D)  have a matrix that is continuous with the cytoplasm. 
A)  selectively transport molecules from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space. 
B)  maintain a pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. 
C)  are found one per cell. 
D)  have a matrix that is continuous with the cytoplasm.

Question 11

Give the chemical reaction between the mitochondrial electron transport system's original electron donor and final electron acceptor.

Accepted Answer

NADH + H⁺ +

Question 12

Which tissue types are affected the most by inherited mitochondrial disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  those tissues with the highest levels of mitochondria and high levels of activity 
B)  heart tissue 
C)  liver tissue 
D)  those tissues with the lowest levels of mitochondria 
A)  those tissues with the highest levels of mitochondria and high levels of activity 
B)  heart tissue 
C)  liver tissue 
D)  those tissues with the lowest levels of mitochondria

Question 13

Which one of the following correctly designates the number of ATPs generated by the reducing molecules shown below?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP 
B)  NADH from the cytosol (glycerol phosphate shuttle)-2.25 ATP 
C)  NADH from the cytosol (malate-aspartate shuttle)-1.5 ATP 
D)  FADH2 from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP 
A)  NADH from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP 
B)  NADH from the cytosol (glycerol phosphate shuttle)-2.25 ATP 
C)  NADH from the cytosol (malate-aspartate shuttle)-1.5 ATP 
D)  FADH2 from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP

Question 14

What best describes the driving force for ATP synthesis in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electron transport from electron transport system complexes. 
B)  The higher pH inside the mitochondria that results from electron transfer. 
C)  The large drops in  
G resulting from electron transfer in the ETC. 
D)  The substrate level phosphorylations of the TCA cycle and glycolysis. 
A)  Electron transport from electron transport system complexes. 
B)  The higher pH inside the mitochondria that results from electron transfer. 
C)  The large drops in  
G resulting from electron transfer in the ETC. 
D)  The substrate level phosphorylations of the TCA cycle and glycolysis.

Question 15

Which statement comparing chloroplasts and mitochondria is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain two membranes. 
B)  Chloroplasts and mitochondria use electrons from NADH to create a proton gradient. 
C)  Chloroplasts pump protons outside the organelle, while mitochondria pump protons inside the inner part of the organelle. 
D)  Chloroplasts and mitochondria use energy from a proton gradient to make ATP. 
A)  Chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain two membranes. 
B)  Chloroplasts and mitochondria use electrons from NADH to create a proton gradient. 
C)  Chloroplasts pump protons outside the organelle, while mitochondria pump protons inside the inner part of the organelle. 
D)  Chloroplasts and mitochondria use energy from a proton gradient to make ATP.

Question 16

Protons are pumped by mitochondria during active electron transport

Accepted Answer

A)  into the thylakoid lumen. 
B)  outside the outer mitochondrial membrane. 
C)  into the mitochondrial matrix. 
D)  outside the inner mitochondrial membrane. 
A)  into the thylakoid lumen. 
B)  outside the outer mitochondrial membrane. 
C)  into the mitochondrial matrix. 
D)  outside the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 17

The catalytic headpiece of the ATP synthase enzyme is primarily composed of which subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hexameric  3   3 ring 
B)  a circle of $\ge$10 c subunits 
C)  the F0 subunit 
D)    ,  , and  Subunits 
A)  a hexameric  3   3 ring 
B)  a circle of $\ge$10 c subunits 
C)  the F0 subunit 
D)    ,  , and  Subunits

Question 18

A characteristic of complex III is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  transports electrons from cytochrome c to complex IV. 
B)  is reduced by FADH2. 
C)  uses the Q cycle mechanism to oxidize ubiquinone. 
D)  participates in electron transfer when the donor is NADH but not when the donor is succinate (or FADH2). 
A)  transports electrons from cytochrome c to complex IV. 
B)  is reduced by FADH2. 
C)  uses the Q cycle mechanism to oxidize ubiquinone. 
D)  participates in electron transfer when the donor is NADH but not when the donor is succinate (or FADH2).

Question 19

ATP synthase is located in or on the

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm. 
B)  intermembrane space of the mitochondria. 
C)  inner mitochondrial membrane. 
D)  outer mitochondrial membrane. 
A)  cytoplasm. 
B)  intermembrane space of the mitochondria. 
C)  inner mitochondrial membrane. 
D)  outer mitochondrial membrane.

Question 20

List the conformation types and the changes to the substrates in a single   
subunit on the ATP synthase catalytic head piece during one 360o rotation of the rotor.

Accepted Answer

A @#IMG-DLM&_TB6697_11 subunit begins in the O or

Exam 11: Oxidative Phosphorylation

List the major enzymes and enzyme complexes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway,which are required to couple FADH2 oxidation with ATP synthesis.

What would happen to the ETC and oxidative phosphorylation pathway in the presence of excess NADH if the mitochondrial matrix were not closed,but opened up to the cytoplasm?

Use the following picture of a mitochondrion and label the (A)matrix,(B)crista,(c)inner membrane space,(D)cytoplasm,(E)inner membrane,(F)outer membrane,(G)location of the ATP synthesis,(H)location of elevated pH,and (I)the location of the electron transport system complexes.

Which is NOT involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents from succinate to molecular oxygen (O2)?

Which one of the following statements about the glycerol phosphate shuttle is true?

Which one of the following is involved in the flow of electrons from NADH through the electron transport system to molecular oxygen (O2)?

What is the effect of oligomycin,an ATP synthase inhibitor,on the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway?

During transfer of ATP,ADP,and Pi,some of the proton gradient is lost in the

Which is the only electron carrier in the electron transport system that is not embedded in a membrane?

Mitochondria

Give the chemical reaction between the mitochondrial electron transport system's original electron donor and final electron acceptor.

Which tissue types are affected the most by inherited mitochondrial disorders?

Which one of the following correctly designates the number of ATPs generated by the reducing molecules shown below?

What best describes the driving force for ATP synthesis in the mitochondria?

Which statement comparing chloroplasts and mitochondria is true?

Protons are pumped by mitochondria during active electron transport

The catalytic headpiece of the ATP synthase enzyme is primarily composed of which subunits?

A characteristic of complex III is that it

ATP synthase is located in or on the

List the conformation types and the changes to the substrates in a single subunit on the ATP synthase catalytic head piece during one 360o rotation of the rotor.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

List the major enzymes and enzyme complexes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway,which are required to couple FADH₂ oxidation with ATP synthesis.

Which is NOT involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents from succinate to molecular oxygen (O₂)?

Which one of the following is involved in the flow of electrons from NADH through the electron transport system to molecular oxygen (O₂)?

During transfer of ATP,ADP,and P_i,some of the proton gradient is lost in the

List the conformation types and the changes to the substrates in a single subunit on the ATP synthase catalytic head piece during one 360^o rotation of the rotor.