Question 1

Which of the following functions by specifically targeting neuronal control of food consumption?

Accepted Answer

A)  ephedrine 
B)  olestra 
C)  lorcaserin 
D)  orlistat 
A)  ephedrine 
B)  olestra 
C)  lorcaserin 
D)  orlistat C

Question 2

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)is a hormone peptide secreted by intestinal L cells.It is secreted in response to the nutrient detection in the small intestine.The resulting physiological response is the lowering of blood glucose levels.Which of the following is a potential mechanism for how GLP-1 causes this physiological response?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of glucagon release 
B)  stimulation of insulin release by pancreatic  Cells 
C)  increase in the apoptosis rate of pancreatic  Cells 
D)  downregulation of GLUT4 
A)  stimulation of glucagon release 
B)  stimulation of insulin release by pancreatic  Cells 
C)  increase in the apoptosis rate of pancreatic  Cells 
D)  downregulation of GLUT4 B

Question 3

Analysis of enzyme activity in both liver and muscle cells on insulin exposure would show a decrease in the activity of

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen phosphorylase. 
B)  fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. 
C)  pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. 
D)  phosphofructokinase-1. 
A)  glycogen phosphorylase. 
B)  fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. 
C)  pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. 
D)  phosphofructokinase-1. A

Question 4

What is the process of maintaining optimal metabolic concentrations and managing chemical energy reserves in tissues? Describe the three primary factors that influence this process.

Accepted Answer

Metabolic homeostasis.Metaboli

Question 5

Thiazolidinedione activates PPAR   in adipose tissue.This results in the upregulation of

Accepted Answer

A)  TNF-  
) 
B)  plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. 
C)  interleukin-6. 
D)  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. 
A)  TNF-  
) 
B)  plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. 
C)  interleukin-6. 
D)  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.

Question 6

When basal metabolic rates are decreased and appetite is increased,which type of neurons are likely activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  anorexigenic 
B)  orexigenic 
C)  POMC 
D)  ghrelin 
A)  anorexigenic 
B)  orexigenic 
C)  POMC 
D)  ghrelin

Question 7

AMPK can be activated by

Accepted Answer

A)  high-fat diet. 
B)  exercise. 
C)  fasting. 
D)  PPAR   
A)  high-fat diet. 
B)  exercise. 
C)  fasting. 
D)  PPAR

Question 8

The average amount of adipose tissue the body maintains at physiological homeostasis is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  energy balance. 
B)  adipose energy balance. 
C)  BMI. 
D)  set point. 
A)  energy balance. 
B)  adipose energy balance. 
C)  BMI. 
D)  set point.

Question 9

Which of the following drugs stimulate adrenergic receptor signaling?

Accepted Answer

A)  ephedrine 
B)  lorcaserin 
C)  orlistat 
D)  thiazolidinedione 
A)  ephedrine 
B)  lorcaserin 
C)  orlistat 
D)  thiazolidinedione

Question 10

During intense exercise,muscle ATP stores will be depleted in about

Accepted Answer

A)  3 minutes. 
B)  5 minutes. 
C)  30 seconds. 
D)  3 seconds. 
A)  3 minutes. 
B)  5 minutes. 
C)  30 seconds. 
D)  3 seconds.

Question 11

Distinguish between the main energy sources of brain versus cardiac muscle.

Accepted Answer

The brain requires g

Question 12

Whipple surgery,sometimes carried out on patients battling pancreatic cancer,is one of the most demanding surgeries to perform.It involves removing parts of the pancreas and rerouting aspects of the digestive track.A complication of the surgery can be the development of diabetes.Why could this complication develop? Include the types of cells and hormones that are involved.

Accepted Answer

If too many beta  @#IMG-DLM&_TB6697_11 c

Question 13

Monitoring fatty acid metabolism in a patient before and after administration of metformin would show a decrease of fatty acid synthesis in __________ and an increase in fatty acid oxidation in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  liver; heart 
B)  liver; adipose tissue 
C)  adipose tissue; liver 
D)  skeletal muscle; heart 
A)  liver; heart 
B)  liver; adipose tissue 
C)  adipose tissue; liver 
D)  skeletal muscle; heart

Question 14

Liver and skeletal muscle both respond to insulin by exhibiting an increased metabolic flux through glycolytic and glycogen synthesis pathways.Yet the tissues also exhibit different responses in how glucose is transported into the cells on insulin stimulation.What are these differences?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle,but

Question 15

What is the expected outcome in a liver cell after exposure to insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 
B)  allosteric inhibition of protein phosphatase 1 
C)  phosphorylation of phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,5-bisphosphatase 
D)  increased cytoplasmic concentration of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 
A)  activation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 
B)  allosteric inhibition of protein phosphatase 1 
C)  phosphorylation of phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,5-bisphosphatase 
D)  increased cytoplasmic concentration of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

Question 16

The blood-brain barrier results from __________,which allow glucose and __________ to enter the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes; ketone bodies 
B)  astrocytes; triacylglycerols 
C)  hepatocytes; ketone bodies 
D)  hepatocytes; triacylglycerols 
A)  astrocytes; ketone bodies 
B)  astrocytes; triacylglycerols 
C)  hepatocytes; ketone bodies 
D)  hepatocytes; triacylglycerols

Question 17

The pancreatic cell type that is responsible for the production of somatostatin is the __________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  acinar 
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)  acinar 
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 18

The graph below shows the relative changes in concentration of glucose,fatty acids,and ketone bodies during 40 days of starvation.Choose the answer that correctly labels the data on the graph.

Accepted Answer

A)  X = fatty acids; Y = glucose; Z = ketone bodies 
B)  X = glucose; Y = fatty acids; Z = ketone bodies 
C)  X = ketone bodies; Y = glucose; Z = fatty acids 
D)  X = ketone bodies; Y = fatty acids; Z = glucose 
A)  X = fatty acids; Y = glucose; Z = ketone bodies 
B)  X = glucose; Y = fatty acids; Z = ketone bodies 
C)  X = ketone bodies; Y = glucose; Z = fatty acids 
D)  X = ketone bodies; Y = fatty acids; Z = glucose

Question 19

On exposure to insulin,the liver responds by upregulating __________,which in turn causes the upregulation of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein phosphatase 2A; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
B)  protein phosphatase 2A; glycogen synthase 
C)  protein phosphatase 1; phosphorylase kinase 
D)  protein phosphatase 1; glycogen phosphorylase 
A)  protein phosphatase 2A; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
B)  protein phosphatase 2A; glycogen synthase 
C)  protein phosphatase 1; phosphorylase kinase 
D)  protein phosphatase 1; glycogen phosphorylase

Question 20

When AMPK is bound by AMP and is phosphorylated at Thr172,__________ activity will __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen synthase; increase 
B)  phosphofructokinase-2; decrease 
C)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase; increase 
D)  hormone-sensitive lipase; decrease 
A)  glycogen synthase; increase 
B)  phosphofructokinase-2; decrease 
C)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase; increase 
D)  hormone-sensitive lipase; decrease

Exam 19: Metabolic Integration

Which of the following functions by specifically targeting neuronal control of food consumption?

Analysis of enzyme activity in both liver and muscle cells on insulin exposure would show a decrease in the activity of

What is the process of maintaining optimal metabolic concentrations and managing chemical energy reserves in tissues? Describe the three primary factors that influence this process.

Thiazolidinedione activates PPAR in adipose tissue.This results in the upregulation of

When basal metabolic rates are decreased and appetite is increased,which type of neurons are likely activated?

AMPK can be activated by

The average amount of adipose tissue the body maintains at physiological homeostasis is known as the

Which of the following drugs stimulate adrenergic receptor signaling?

During intense exercise,muscle ATP stores will be depleted in about

Distinguish between the main energy sources of brain versus cardiac muscle.

Monitoring fatty acid metabolism in a patient before and after administration of metformin would show a decrease of fatty acid synthesis in __________ and an increase in fatty acid oxidation in __________.

Liver and skeletal muscle both respond to insulin by exhibiting an increased metabolic flux through glycolytic and glycogen synthesis pathways.Yet the tissues also exhibit different responses in how glucose is transported into the cells on insulin stimulation.What are these differences?

What is the expected outcome in a liver cell after exposure to insulin?

The blood-brain barrier results from __________,which allow glucose and __________ to enter the brain.

The pancreatic cell type that is responsible for the production of somatostatin is the __________ cells.

The graph below shows the relative changes in concentration of glucose,fatty acids,and ketone bodies during 40 days of starvation.Choose the answer that correctly labels the data on the graph.

On exposure to insulin,the liver responds by upregulating __________,which in turn causes the upregulation of __________.

When AMPK is bound by AMP and is phosphorylated at Thr172,__________ activity will __________.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

Monitoring fatty acid metabolism in a patient before and after administration of metformin would show a decrease of fatty acid synthesis in and an increase in fatty acid oxidation in .

The blood-brain barrier results from ,which allow glucose and to enter the brain.

On exposure to insulin,the liver responds by upregulating ,which in turn causes the upregulation of .

When AMPK is bound by AMP and is phosphorylated at Thr172, activity will .