Question 1

Decay of ruthenium-93 by positron emission yields

Accepted Answer

A) technetium-93. 
B) molybdenum-89. 
C) palladium-97. 
D) rhenium-93. 
E) ruthenium-92. 
A) technetium-93. 
B) molybdenum-89. 
C) palladium-97. 
D) rhenium-93. 
E) ruthenium-92.

Question 2

List the number of protons, neutrons, and nucleons (protons + neutrons), in that order, for an isotope with the symbol:

Accepted Answer

A) 137, 55, 192 
B) 55, 137, 192 
C) 55, 82, 137 
D) 82, 55, 137 
E) 82, 137, 219 
A) 137, 55, 192 
B) 55, 137, 192 
C) 55, 82, 137 
D) 82, 55, 137 
E) 82, 137, 219

Question 3

Protactinium-234 has a half-life of 1 minute.How much of a 400.g sample protactinium would remain after 4 minutes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Protactinium-234 has a half-life of 1 minute.How...

Question 4

When a 162Re nucleus emits an alpha particle, the nuclear species that results is _____________.

Accepted Answer

Question 5

Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu)in units of joules per nucleon.[Data: neutron mass = 1.674928 × 10-24 g; proton mass = 1.672623 × 10-24 g; electron mass = 9.109387 × 10-28 g; NA = 6.0221367 × 1023 /mol; c = 2.99792458 × 108 m/s]

Accepted Answer

A) 2.97 × 10-10 J/nucleon 
B) 3.04 × 10-10 J/nucleon 
C) 1.30 × 10-12 J/nucleon 
D) 1.22 × 10-12 J/nucleon 
E) 1.27 × 10-12 J/nucleon 
A) 2.97 × 10-10 J/nucleon 
B) 3.04 × 10-10 J/nucleon 
C) 1.30 × 10-12 J/nucleon 
D) 1.22 × 10-12 J/nucleon 
E) 1.27 × 10-12 J/nucleon

Question 6

The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Compare nuclear reactions with chemical reactions in terms of the quantity of energy released.

Accepted Answer

Nuclear reactions release far

Question 8

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds.If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years, what fraction of the initial 14C atoms is still there? (t1/2 = 5,370 yr)

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 × 10-10 
C) 5.7 × 10-5 
D) 1.0 × 10-3 
E) 5.7 × 10-1 
A) 0 
B) 1 × 10-10 
C) 5.7 × 10-5 
D) 1.0 × 10-3 
E) 5.7 × 10-1

Question 9

On a plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons, a nucleus of aluminum-28 lies above the belt of stability.Write an equation for the radioactive decay of aluminum-28.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On a plot of the number of...

Question 10

Complete and balance the nuclear equation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete and balance the nuclear equation ...

Question 11

The Rb-87/Sr-87 method of dating rocks is often used by geologists:   t1/2 = 6.0 × 1010 yr Estimate the age of a rock sample in which the present-day mole ratio of Rb-87 to Sr-87 is 36:1.

Accepted Answer

A) 2.4 × 109 yr 
B) 1.7 × 109 yr 
C) 3.1 × 1011 yr 
D) 4.1 × 10-11 yr 
E) 3.6 × 1011 yr 
A) 2.4 × 109 yr 
B) 1.7 × 109 yr 
C) 3.1 × 1011 yr 
D) 4.1 × 10-11 yr 
E) 3.6 × 1011 yr

Question 12

Which of the following nuclear processes does not change the mass number in the product element formed? I.Alpha emission
II.Beta emission
III.Positron emission
IV.Electron capture

Accepted Answer

A) I and II 
B) III and IV 
C) I, II, and III 
D) II, III, and IV 
E) IV only 
A) I and II 
B) III and IV 
C) I, II, and III 
D) II, III, and IV 
E) IV only

Question 13

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238.The half-life of the decay series U-238 $\rarr$ Pb-206 is 4.5 × 109 yr.Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.7 × 109 yr 
B) 5.2 × 109 yr 
C) 2.7 × 106 yr 
D) 4.5 × 109 yr 
E) 2.4 × 109 yr 
A) 1.7 × 109 yr 
B) 5.2 × 109 yr 
C) 2.7 × 106 yr 
D) 4.5 × 109 yr 
E) 2.4 × 109 yr

Question 14

Polonium-208 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 2.90 years.How many milligrams of polonium from an original sample of 2.00 mg will remain after 8.00 years?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.147 mg 
B) 0.296 mg 
C) 0.725 mg 
D) 6.77 mg 
E) 1.90 mg 
A) 0.147 mg 
B) 0.296 mg 
C) 0.725 mg 
D) 6.77 mg 
E) 1.90 mg

Question 15

The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad.The rad is defined in terms of

Accepted Answer

A) the half-life of a radioisotope. 
B) the energy deposited per gram of an object. 
C) the biological damage produced. 
D) the accumulation of fission products. 
E) the number of ions per centimeter. 
A) the half-life of a radioisotope. 
B) the energy deposited per gram of an object. 
C) the biological damage produced. 
D) the accumulation of fission products. 
E) the number of ions per centimeter.

Question 16

The blood volume of a patient can be measured by using chromium-51, a positron emitter, administered as a solution of sodium chromate.Write the nuclear equation for the decay of chromium-51.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The blood volume of a patient can...

Question 17

The half-life of 14C is 5,730 yr.Assuming some charcoal from a campfire 29,000 years old was found, what fraction of the original C-14 would remain today?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.0 × 10-2 
B) 0.197 
C) 3.51 
D) 33.3 
E) None of these. 
A) 3.0 × 10-2 
B) 0.197 
C) 3.51 
D) 33.3 
E) None of these.

Question 18

Lead-209 undergoes beta decay.Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lead-209 undergoes beta decay.Write a balanced equation...

Question 19

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

Accepted Answer

A) ions and free radicals. 
B) isotopes. 
C) daughter products. 
D) oxidation. 
E) reduction. 
A) ions and free radicals. 
B) isotopes. 
C) daughter products. 
D) oxidation. 
E) reduction.

Question 20

As a result of beta decay, the product nucleus is

Accepted Answer

A) one atomic number lower than the original element. 
B) two atomic numbers higher than the original element. 
C) one atomic number higher than the original element. 
D) two atomic numbers lower than the original element. 
E) four atomic numbers lower than the original element. 
A) one atomic number lower than the original element. 
B) two atomic numbers higher than the original element. 
C) one atomic number higher than the original element. 
D) two atomic numbers lower than the original element. 
E) four atomic numbers lower than the original element.

Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

Decay of ruthenium-93 by positron emission yields

List the number of protons, neutrons, and nucleons (protons + neutrons), in that order, for an isotope with the symbol:

Protactinium-234 has a half-life of 1 minute.How much of a 400.g sample protactinium would remain after 4 minutes?

When a 162Re nucleus emits an alpha particle, the nuclear species that results is _____________.

Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu)in units of joules per nucleon.[Data: neutron mass = 1.674928 × 10-24 g; proton mass = 1.672623 × 10-24 g; electron mass = 9.109387 × 10-28 g; NA = 6.0221367 × 1023 /mol; c = 2.99792458 × 108 m/s]

The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

Compare nuclear reactions with chemical reactions in terms of the quantity of energy released.

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds.If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years, what fraction of the initial 14C atoms is still there? (t1/2 = 5,370 yr)

On a plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons, a nucleus of aluminum-28 lies above the belt of stability.Write an equation for the radioactive decay of aluminum-28.

Complete and balance the nuclear equation

The Rb-87/Sr-87 method of dating rocks is often used by geologists: t1/2 = 6.0 × 1010 yr Estimate the age of a rock sample in which the present-day mole ratio of Rb-87 to Sr-87 is 36:1.

Which of the following nuclear processes does not change the mass number in the product element formed? I.Alpha emission II.Beta emission III.Positron emission IV.Electron capture

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238.The half-life of the decay series U-238 →\rarr→ Pb-206 is 4.5 × 109 yr.Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?

Polonium-208 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 2.90 years.How many milligrams of polonium from an original sample of 2.00 mg will remain after 8.00 years?

The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad.The rad is defined in terms of

The blood volume of a patient can be measured by using chromium-51, a positron emitter, administered as a solution of sodium chromate.Write the nuclear equation for the decay of chromium-51.

The half-life of 14C is 5,730 yr.Assuming some charcoal from a campfire 29,000 years old was found, what fraction of the original C-14 would remain today?

Lead-209 undergoes beta decay.Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

As a result of beta decay, the product nucleus is

Chemistry: the Study of Change

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Gases

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Relationships Among the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding Ii: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy Free Energy and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Chemistry in the Atmosphere

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Transition Metal Chemistry and Coordination Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

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When a ¹⁶²Re nucleus emits an alpha particle, the nuclear species that results is _____________.

Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu)in units of joules per nucleon.[Data: neutron mass = 1.674928 × 10^-24 g; proton mass = 1.672623 × 10^-24 g; electron mass = 9.109387 × 10^-28 g; N_A = 6.0221367 × 10²³ /mol; c = 2.99792458 × 10⁸ m/s]

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds.If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years, what fraction of the initial ¹⁴C atoms is still there? (t_1/2 = 5,370 yr)

The Rb-87/Sr-87 method of dating rocks is often used by geologists: t_1/2 = 6.0 × 10¹⁰yr Estimate the age of a rock sample in which the present-day mole ratio of Rb-87 to Sr-87 is 36:1.

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238.The half-life of the decay series U-238 $\rarr$ Pb-206 is 4.5 × 10⁹ yr.Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?

The half-life of ¹⁴C is 5,730 yr.Assuming some charcoal from a campfire 29,000 years old was found, what fraction of the original C-14 would remain today?