Question 1

The electron transport system is located in the ________ and includes enzymes and iron-containing proteins known as ________.

Accepted Answer

inner mito

Question 2

Define substrate and product.Are these definitions relative or absolute,and why?

Accepted Answer

Substrates are chemicals that bind to th

Question 3

Match the specific enzyme to its class.
-deaminase

Accepted Answer

A) oxidoreductase 
B) hydrolase 
C) transferase 
D) ligase 
E) lyase 
A) oxidoreductase 
B) hydrolase 
C) transferase 
D) ligase 
E) lyase

Question 4

How is the single-stranded mRNA that leaves the nucleus translated into proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes have two subunits (large and s

Question 5

Vitamins are precursors for ________.Name two vitamins that are required for metabolic reactions.

Accepted Answer

coenzymes
Vitamins required fo

Question 6

When energy is released during catabolism,it is temporarily trapped in high energy bonds or electrons of certain compounds.Which of the following is NOT associated with carrying energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  DNA 
C)  NADH 
D)  FADH2 
E)  NADPH 
A)  ATP 
B)  DNA 
C)  NADH 
D)  FADH2 
E)  NADPH

Question 7

Explain how these statements differ,and identify which one(s)is/are correct.Explain what is wrong with each incorrect statement.
A.A chemical reaction is at equilibrium when there is no further change in substrates.
B.A chemical reaction is at equilibrium when the amounts of substrates and product no longer change.
C.A chemical reaction stops when it reaches equilibrium.
D.A chemical reaction is at equilibrium when the amount of substrate equals the amount of product.

Accepted Answer

Only B is correct as written.A could be

Question 8

Genes that are always being expressed in a cell involve promoters that are ________.

Accepted Answer

constituti

Question 9

When an enzyme is working as fast as it can because its active site is continually refilled with substrate,the condition is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  allosteric modulation. 
B)  equilibrium. 
C)  saturation. 
D)  the Ricardo-Mertz phenomenon. 
E)  specificity. 
A)  allosteric modulation. 
B)  equilibrium. 
C)  saturation. 
D)  the Ricardo-Mertz phenomenon. 
E)  specificity.

Question 10

In the aerobic metabolism of glucose,________ acts as the final electron acceptor.

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  oxygen 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  lactate 
E)  ATP 
A)  water 
B)  oxygen 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  lactate 
E)  ATP

Question 11

Match the specific enzyme to its class.
-aminase

Accepted Answer

A) oxidoreductase 
B) hydrolase 
C) transferase 
D) ligase 
E) lyase 
A) oxidoreductase 
B) hydrolase 
C) transferase 
D) ligase 
E) lyase

Question 12

Explain how it is possible for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction in two different directions.

Accepted Answer

Both the substrate and product have a 3-

Question 13

According to the second law of thermodynamics,

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of entropy in living systems increases without the input of energy. 
B)  entropy decreases in living systems that are not receiving energy. 
C)  energy can be converted, but not be created nor destroyed. 
D)  the total amount of energy in the universe never changes. 
A)  the amount of entropy in living systems increases without the input of energy. 
B)  entropy decreases in living systems that are not receiving energy. 
C)  energy can be converted, but not be created nor destroyed. 
D)  the total amount of energy in the universe never changes.

Question 14

Metabolic intermediates use ________ bonds to transfer energy to the high-energy bonds of ATP,NADH,FADH2 or NADPH.

Accepted Answer

Question 15

Transcription factors are proteins whose binding to the ________ region for a gene can ________ (increase)or ________ (decrease)expression of that gene.

Accepted Answer

promoter,i

Question 16

Enzymes are often useful as diagnostic tools.How?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes destroy pathogenic bacteria so blood levels of bacteria decline. 
B)  Enzymes destroy damaged cells so X-rays reveal smaller body organs. 
C)  Damaged cells release enzymes into the blood that can be detected. 
D)  The liver releases enzymes that accumulate in the urine. 
A)  Enzymes destroy pathogenic bacteria so blood levels of bacteria decline. 
B)  Enzymes destroy damaged cells so X-rays reveal smaller body organs. 
C)  Damaged cells release enzymes into the blood that can be detected. 
D)  The liver releases enzymes that accumulate in the urine.

Question 17

Transcription of the DNA triplet sequence ATC yields

Accepted Answer

A)  UAG. 
B)  TAG. 
C)  UTC. 
D)  ATC. 
A)  UAG. 
B)  TAG. 
C)  UTC. 
D)  ATC.

Question 18

Carbonic acid is generated by bubbling CO2 into a beaker of water.If it took 5 minutes for this reaction to reach equilibrium,how would the results differ if the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was added to the beaker of water? Explain using the concept of the energy hill.

Accepted Answer

In the presence of the enzyme,the reacti

Question 19

A molecule that loses electrons during a reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced. 
B)  oxidized. 
C)  dehydrated. 
D)  hydrated. 
A)  reduced. 
B)  oxidized. 
C)  dehydrated. 
D)  hydrated.

Question 20

Information stored in the nucleus is translated into

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates. 
B)  lipids. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  phospholipids. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  carbohydrates. 
B)  lipids. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  phospholipids. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Exam 4: Energy and Cellular Metabolism

The electron transport system is located in the ________ and includes enzymes and iron-containing proteins known as ________.

Define substrate and product.Are these definitions relative or absolute,and why?

Match the specific enzyme to its class. -deaminase

How is the single-stranded mRNA that leaves the nucleus translated into proteins?

Vitamins are precursors for ________.Name two vitamins that are required for metabolic reactions.

When energy is released during catabolism,it is temporarily trapped in high energy bonds or electrons of certain compounds.Which of the following is NOT associated with carrying energy?

Genes that are always being expressed in a cell involve promoters that are ________.

When an enzyme is working as fast as it can because its active site is continually refilled with substrate,the condition is referred to as

In the aerobic metabolism of glucose,________ acts as the final electron acceptor.

Match the specific enzyme to its class. -aminase

Explain how it is possible for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction in two different directions.

According to the second law of thermodynamics,

Metabolic intermediates use ________ bonds to transfer energy to the high-energy bonds of ATP,NADH,FADH2 or NADPH.

Transcription factors are proteins whose binding to the ________ region for a gene can ________ (increase)or ________ (decrease)expression of that gene.

Enzymes are often useful as diagnostic tools.How?

Transcription of the DNA triplet sequence ATC yields

Carbonic acid is generated by bubbling CO2 into a beaker of water.If it took 5 minutes for this reaction to reach equilibrium,how would the results differ if the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was added to the beaker of water? Explain using the concept of the energy hill.

A molecule that loses electrons during a reaction is

Information stored in the nucleus is translated into

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The electron transport system is located in the and includes enzymes and iron-containing proteins known as .

Metabolic intermediates use ________ bonds to transfer energy to the high-energy bonds of ATP,NADH,FADH₂ or NADPH.

Transcription factors are proteins whose binding to the region for a gene can (increase)or (decrease)expression of that gene.

Carbonic acid is generated by bubbling CO₂ into a beaker of water.If it took 5 minutes for this reaction to reach equilibrium,how would the results differ if the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was added to the beaker of water? Explain using the concept of the energy hill.