Question 1

The motor neurons that innervate the normal contractile fibers of the muscle are the ________.

Accepted Answer

alpha motor neurons

Question 2

The reflex that complements a withdrawal reflex by making compensatory adjustments on the opposite side of the body receiving the stimulus is the

Accepted Answer

A)  stretch reflex. 
B)  tendon reflex. 
C)  flexor reflex. 
D)  crossed extensor reflex. 
E)  reciprocal reflex. 
A)  stretch reflex. 
B)  tendon reflex. 
C)  flexor reflex. 
D)  crossed extensor reflex. 
E)  reciprocal reflex. D

Question 3

Match the structure to its description.
-found at the junction of tendons and muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

A) muscle spindles 
B) Golgi tendon organs 
C) both 
A) muscle spindles 
B) Golgi tendon organs 
C) both B

Question 4

The control of voluntary movement can be divided into what three steps?

Accepted Answer

1.decision-making an

Question 5

________ allows the body to anticipate a stimulus and begin the response,whereas negative feedback results in the ________ of a response.

Accepted Answer

Feedforwar

Question 6

Are relaxation of a muscle and inhibition of a muscle the same thing? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

No.Relaxation is a passive process that

Question 7

Rhythmic reflexive motor activities,such as breathing or walking,are controlled by networks of neurons in the central nervous system called ________.

Accepted Answer

central pa

Question 8

Most reflexes are regulated by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most reflexes are regulated by ________....

Question 9

Bowel and bladder control involve spinal reflex pathways that are located in the sacral region of the spinal cord.In both instances,two sphincter muscles,an inner sphincter of smooth muscle and an outer sphincter of skeletal muscle,control the passage of waste out of the body.How would completely severing the spinal cord at the lumbar level affect an individual's bowel and bladder control?

Accepted Answer

The person would still exhibit a defecat

Question 10

When there is a resistance to the movement produced by a given limb muscle,

Accepted Answer

A)  gamma motor neurons are inhibited by higher brain centers. 
B)  there is a decrease in the amount of force generated by extrafusal muscle fibers. 
C)  the muscle involved in the movement immediately shortens when stimulated. 
D)  intrafusal fibers receive fewer action potentials from the gamma motor neurons. 
E)  muscle tone is increased and more motor units are recruited to the contraction. 
A)  gamma motor neurons are inhibited by higher brain centers. 
B)  there is a decrease in the amount of force generated by extrafusal muscle fibers. 
C)  the muscle involved in the movement immediately shortens when stimulated. 
D)  intrafusal fibers receive fewer action potentials from the gamma motor neurons. 
E)  muscle tone is increased and more motor units are recruited to the contraction.

Question 11

Explain how an animal with a paralyzing spinal injury can be induced to walk,though it can't walk on its own.Diagram and label the structures involved.(Hint: Keep it simple; for example,you could draw a rectangle and label it "right leg muscle" and another for the left,and don't worry about drawing all neurons involved,just enough to show you understand the basics.You may wish to start with a simple sketch of a muscle reflex then add on to it as necessary.)

Accepted Answer

If the animal is supported on a moving t

Question 12

Match the type of reflex to its description.
-integrated in the spinal cord,often modulated by the brain

Accepted Answer

A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic 
A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic

Question 13

Identify the FALSE statement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Adipose tissue is controlled by autonomic efferents. 
B)  All reflexes require input from the brain. 
C)  Some reflexes are genetically determined. 
D)  Muscle spindles are stretch receptors. 
E)  Proprioceptors detect limb position and movement. 
A)  Adipose tissue is controlled by autonomic efferents. 
B)  All reflexes require input from the brain. 
C)  Some reflexes are genetically determined. 
D)  Muscle spindles are stretch receptors. 
E)  Proprioceptors detect limb position and movement.

Question 14

Which class of movement can be considered a combination of the other two?

Accepted Answer

A)  reflex 
B)  voluntary 
C)  rhythmic 
A)  reflex 
B)  voluntary 
C)  rhythmic

Question 15

Motor neurons are sometimes inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi tendon organs. 
B)  muscle spindle organs. 
C)  joint receptors. 
A)  Golgi tendon organs. 
B)  muscle spindle organs. 
C)  joint receptors.

Question 16

List and describe the three categories of movement.Explain why these categories are NOT always distinct.

Accepted Answer

The three categories are reflex,voluntar

Question 17

Explain alpha-gamma coactivation.

Accepted Answer

Alpha motor neurons control the contract

Question 18

The effector in a reflex is the

Accepted Answer

A)  control center. 
B)  afferent neuron. 
C)  efferent neuron. 
D)  sensory receptor. 
E)  muscle or gland. 
A)  control center. 
B)  afferent neuron. 
C)  efferent neuron. 
D)  sensory receptor. 
E)  muscle or gland.

Question 19

Match the type of reflex to its description.
-our experiences tell us how to behave; bracing yourself in anticipation would be an example

Accepted Answer

A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic 
A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic

Question 20

Relaxation of skeletal muscle results from ________ input by the somatic motor neuron.

Accepted Answer

the absenc

Exam 13: Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

The motor neurons that innervate the normal contractile fibers of the muscle are the ________.

The reflex that complements a withdrawal reflex by making compensatory adjustments on the opposite side of the body receiving the stimulus is the

Match the structure to its description. -found at the junction of tendons and muscle fibers

The control of voluntary movement can be divided into what three steps?

________ allows the body to anticipate a stimulus and begin the response,whereas negative feedback results in the ________ of a response.

Are relaxation of a muscle and inhibition of a muscle the same thing? Explain your answer.

Rhythmic reflexive motor activities,such as breathing or walking,are controlled by networks of neurons in the central nervous system called ________.

Most reflexes are regulated by ________.

When there is a resistance to the movement produced by a given limb muscle,

Match the type of reflex to its description. -integrated in the spinal cord,often modulated by the brain

Identify the FALSE statement.

Which class of movement can be considered a combination of the other two?

Motor neurons are sometimes inhibited by

List and describe the three categories of movement.Explain why these categories are NOT always distinct.

Explain alpha-gamma coactivation.

The effector in a reflex is the

Match the type of reflex to its description. -our experiences tell us how to behave; bracing yourself in anticipation would be an example

Relaxation of skeletal muscle results from ________ input by the somatic motor neuron.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

allows the body to anticipate a stimulus and begin the response,whereas negative feedback results in the of a response.