Question 1

ATP synthase transfers the ________ energy of the H+ ions to the high-energy phosphate bond of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  potential, NADH 
B)  potential, ATP 
C)  kinetic, NADH 
D)  kinetic, ATP 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  potential, NADH 
B)  potential, ATP 
C)  kinetic, NADH 
D)  kinetic, ATP 
E)  None of the answers are correct. D

Question 2

An enzyme that joins two substrates using energy is a

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolase. 
B)  lipase. 
C)  transferase. 
D)  ligase. 
E)  kinase. 
A)  hydrolase. 
B)  lipase. 
C)  transferase. 
D)  ligase. 
E)  kinase. D

Question 3

A molecule of ________ consists of all the codons needed to produce a specific polypeptide chain at the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Question 4

Transcription of the DNA triplet sequence CAT will bind to the tRNA bearing

Accepted Answer

A)  CAT. 
B)  GTA. 
C)  GUA. 
D)  ATU. 
A)  CAT. 
B)  GTA. 
C)  GUA. 
D)  ATU.

Question 5

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs ________; the beneficial end product is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  in the cytoplasm just inside the plasma membrane, H2O 
B)  in the cytoplasm just inside the plasma membrane, ATP 
C)  in the mitochondria due to the electron transport system, ATP 
D)  in the mitochondria due to the electron transport system, CO2 
E)  twice during the citric acid cycle, ATP 
A)  in the cytoplasm just inside the plasma membrane, H2O 
B)  in the cytoplasm just inside the plasma membrane, ATP 
C)  in the mitochondria due to the electron transport system, ATP 
D)  in the mitochondria due to the electron transport system, CO2 
E)  twice during the citric acid cycle, ATP

Question 6

Energy is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  doing tasks that make you tired. 
B)  the capacity to do work. 
C)  the light and heat from the sun. 
D)  using glucose to synthesize ATP. 
A)  doing tasks that make you tired. 
B)  the capacity to do work. 
C)  the light and heat from the sun. 
D)  using glucose to synthesize ATP.

Question 7

An allosteric modulator binds to

Accepted Answer

A)  a region of the enzyme other than the active site. 
B)  the active site. 
C)  the substrate. 
D)  the product. 
E)  the surrounding tissue. 
A)  a region of the enzyme other than the active site. 
B)  the active site. 
C)  the substrate. 
D)  the product. 
E)  the surrounding tissue.

Question 8

A molecule positioned on the high-concentration side of a concentration gradient stores ________ energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A molecule positioned on the high-concentration side...

Question 9

In the process of ________ a phosphate group is attached to a molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the process of ________ a phosphate...

Question 10

The enzyme ________ and ________ ions are required for the synthesis of mRNA.

Accepted Answer

RNA polyme

Question 11

A competitive inhibitor binds to

Accepted Answer

A)  a region of the enzyme other than the active site. 
B)  the active site. 
C)  the substrate. 
D)  the product. 
E)  the surrounding tissue. 
A)  a region of the enzyme other than the active site. 
B)  the active site. 
C)  the substrate. 
D)  the product. 
E)  the surrounding tissue.

Question 12

What is the potential yield of ATP molecules for each FADH2 molecule entering the electron transport system?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  1.5 
C)  2 
D)  2.5 
E)  3 
A)  1 
B)  1.5 
C)  2 
D)  2.5 
E)  3

Question 13

Consider the two chemical reactions.Identify each statement following as 
 and clarify as needed.
A + B → C
C → A + B
A.The enzyme catalyzing the formation of C must be different from that catalyzing the breakdown of C.
B.The enzyme catalyzing the formation of C must be the same as that catalyzing the breakdown of C.
C.Only one of the reactions could occur in a given cell or system.
D.Both reactions must be occurring in an equilibrium situation.
E.Equilibrium is always achieved in a chemical reaction.
F.Equilibrium can be prevented from occurring by constantly removing the product of either reaction.
G.An equilibrium,once established,cannot be disturbed.

Accepted Answer

A.False.There may be more than one enzym

Question 14

mRNA is created in a process called ________.It then leaves the ________ and enters the cytosol to direct ________,the assembly of amino acids into protein.

Accepted Answer

transcript

Question 15

Once synthesized,the ________ of mRNA are removed through ________,which results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  exon, RNA interference 
B)  exon, alternative splicing 
C)  intron, RNA interference 
D)  intron, alternative splicing 
A)  exon, RNA interference 
B)  exon, alternative splicing 
C)  intron, RNA interference 
D)  intron, alternative splicing

Question 16

Once the mRNA for a particular gene has been transcribed,how is the mRNA that will be released from the nucleus processed?

Accepted Answer

The mRNA that is initially transcribed c

Question 17

When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium,

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products. 
B)  the reaction is proceeding at its maximum rate. 
C)  the reaction has stopped. 
D)  there are equivalent amounts of substrates and products. 
A)  there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products. 
B)  the reaction is proceeding at its maximum rate. 
C)  the reaction has stopped. 
D)  there are equivalent amounts of substrates and products.

Question 18

An exergonic chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  converts substrates into products that have more free energy. 
B)  releases energy as the reaction progresses. 
C)  requires the input of energy. 
D)  requires an enzyme in order to overcome the activation energy. 
A)  converts substrates into products that have more free energy. 
B)  releases energy as the reaction progresses. 
C)  requires the input of energy. 
D)  requires an enzyme in order to overcome the activation energy.

Question 19

The availability of ________ determines if pyruvate continues into the citric acid cycle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The availability of ________ determines if pyruvate...

Question 20

Glucose is phosphorylated to ________ with a phosphate from ________.

Accepted Answer

glucose-6-

Exam 4: Energy and Cellular Metabolism

ATP synthase transfers the ________ energy of the H+ ions to the high-energy phosphate bond of ________.

An enzyme that joins two substrates using energy is a

A molecule of ________ consists of all the codons needed to produce a specific polypeptide chain at the ribosome.

Transcription of the DNA triplet sequence CAT will bind to the tRNA bearing

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs ________; the beneficial end product is ________.

Energy is defined as

An allosteric modulator binds to

A molecule positioned on the high-concentration side of a concentration gradient stores ________ energy.

In the process of ________ a phosphate group is attached to a molecule.

The enzyme ________ and ________ ions are required for the synthesis of mRNA.

A competitive inhibitor binds to

What is the potential yield of ATP molecules for each FADH2 molecule entering the electron transport system?

mRNA is created in a process called ________.It then leaves the ________ and enters the cytosol to direct ________,the assembly of amino acids into protein.

Once synthesized,the ________ of mRNA are removed through ________,which results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein.

Once the mRNA for a particular gene has been transcribed,how is the mRNA that will be released from the nucleus processed?

When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium,

An exergonic chemical reaction

The availability of ________ determines if pyruvate continues into the citric acid cycle.

Glucose is phosphorylated to ________ with a phosphate from ________.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

ATP synthase transfers the energy of the H⁺ ions to the high-energy phosphate bond of .

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs ; the beneficial end product is .

The enzyme and ions are required for the synthesis of mRNA.

What is the potential yield of ATP molecules for each FADH₂ molecule entering the electron transport system?

mRNA is created in a process called .It then leaves the and enters the cytosol to direct ,the assembly of amino acids into protein.

Once synthesized,the of mRNA are removed through ,which results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein.

Glucose is phosphorylated to with a phosphate from .