Exam 13: Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Interneurons of the corticospinal tract synapse onto

Match the structure to its description. -excite both alpha and gamma motor neurons

How does the stretch reflex protect a muscle?

The "normal" contractile fibers of the muscle are also called the

Match the type of reflex to its description. -integrated in the brain

A.Ernie,an experienced batter,steps up to the plate,looks off into the distance,and plans where to hit the baseball.He then swings the bat,connects with the ball,sends it into the air,and follows through the swing with his arms,hips,and knees,and shifts his weight from one leg to the other.He watches the ball fly away,and takes off for first base.Explain what areas of the central nervous system are working during each phase of the action outlined,and which step is controlled by each part. B.Continue to integrate this with information from other topics as the action continues: Ernie hears the umpire yell "Infield fly! Batter's out!" He remembers the rules of the game,slows his pace,and leaves the baseline before arriving at first base.

Most reflex movements are integrated by

In order to flex a limb,the extensors must first be relaxed and vice versa.This is done by a process called ________.

________ reflexes involve skeletal muscles.

You are studying for your physiology test with your lab partner.She insists that the purpose of the knee jerk reflex is to test for neural or muscular damage.State whether or not you agree with her,and why.

The structure whose abnormal function is associated with Parkinson's disease is the

Make a map of the following terms: alpha motor neurons,CNS,contractile fibers,extrafusual muscle fibers,Golgi tendon organs,integrating center,joint receptors,muscle spindles,proprioreceptors,sensory neurons,sensory receptors and somatic motor neurons.

Which reflex is NOT controlled by the brain stem?

Most reflexes are regulated by

While watching Olympic weight lifters on television,Carl notices that on several occasions an athlete would lift the weight to his chest and then suddenly drop it.Can you offer an explanation for what might be happening?

List three ways that neural reflex pathways can be classified.Name one of the reflexes in each category.What additional information may be gained from the name of the reflex? Name a specific reflex and identify its classification in all of the categories you listed.

The sensory fibers of the muscle spindle organs synapse onto

Match the type of reflex to its description. -involves skeletal muscles

Draw a diagram of the cerebral motor cortex and descending input to spinal motor neurons.Voluntary suppression of the knee jerk reflex originates in the motor cortex,which can send inhibitory signals to the motor neurons.If the left motor cortex is active,is the left or right knee jerk reflex suppressed or are both suppressed? Explain your answer.If the left side of the spinal cord at the level of leg muscle control is damaged,is it the left or right knee jerk reflex that is suppressed or are both suppressed?

A polysynaptic reflex has at least ________ in the reflex pathway.