Question 1

A patient with pure left-sided heart failure is likely to exhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  jugular vein distention. 
B)  pulmonary congestion with dyspnea. 
C)  peripheral edema. 
D)  hepatomegaly. 
A)  jugular vein distention. 
B)  pulmonary congestion with dyspnea. 
C)  peripheral edema. 
D)  hepatomegaly.

Question 2

Cor pulmonale refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  biventricular failure. 
B)  left ventricular hypertrophy secondary to lung disease. 
C)  right ventricular hypertrophy secondary to pulmonary hypertension. 
D)  right ventricular failure secondary to right ventricular infarction. 
A)  biventricular failure. 
B)  left ventricular hypertrophy secondary to lung disease. 
C)  right ventricular hypertrophy secondary to pulmonary hypertension. 
D)  right ventricular failure secondary to right ventricular infarction.

Question 3

Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in atrophy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

After sitting in a chair for an hour,an elderly patient develops moderate lower extremity edema.His edema is most likely a consequence of

Accepted Answer

A)  arterial obstruction. 
B)  isolated left-sided heart failure. 
C)  right-sided heart failure. 
D)  peripheral vascular disease. 
A)  arterial obstruction. 
B)  isolated left-sided heart failure. 
C)  right-sided heart failure. 
D)  peripheral vascular disease.

Question 5

An abnormally wide (more than 0.10 second)QRS complex is characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. 
B)  supraventricular tachycardia. 
C)  junctional escape rhythm. 
D)  premature ventricular complexes. 
A)  paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. 
B)  supraventricular tachycardia. 
C)  junctional escape rhythm. 
D)  premature ventricular complexes.

Question 6

Dysrhythmias are significant since they (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  are an indicator of life span. 
B)  can indicate an underlying disorder. 
C)  can impair venous return. 
D)  increase the severity of heart murmurs. 
E)  can impair cardiac output. 
A)  are an indicator of life span. 
B)  can indicate an underlying disorder. 
C)  can impair venous return. 
D)  increase the severity of heart murmurs. 
E)  can impair cardiac output.

Question 7

A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves,wide QRS complexes,and a heart rate of 38 beats/minute on an ECG is most likely in which rhythm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Third-degree heart block 
B)  Junctional tachycardia 
C)  Ventricular escape rhythm 
D)  Sinus bradycardia 
A)  Third-degree heart block 
B)  Junctional tachycardia 
C)  Ventricular escape rhythm 
D)  Sinus bradycardia

Question 8

In which dysrhythmias should treatment be instituted immediately?

Accepted Answer

A)  Asymptomatic sinus bradycardia at a heart rate of 50 beats/minute 
B)  Fever-induced tachycardia at 122 beats/minute 
C)  Premature atrial complexes occurring every 20 seconds 
D)  Atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate of 220 beats/minute 
A)  Asymptomatic sinus bradycardia at a heart rate of 50 beats/minute 
B)  Fever-induced tachycardia at 122 beats/minute 
C)  Premature atrial complexes occurring every 20 seconds 
D)  Atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate of 220 beats/minute

Question 9

A patient with forward effects of heart failure may present with which symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Impaired memory 
B)  Mental fatigue 
C)  Stupor 
D)  Confusion 
E)  Aggression 
A)  Impaired memory 
B)  Mental fatigue 
C)  Stupor 
D)  Confusion 
E)  Aggression

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with heart failure with normal ejection fraction.This patient is most likely characterized by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  elderly woman without a previous history of MI. 
B)  middle-aged man with a previous history of MI. 
C)  young female athlete with cardiomegaly. 
D)  young sedentary male with a high-stress job. 
A)  elderly woman without a previous history of MI. 
B)  middle-aged man with a previous history of MI. 
C)  young female athlete with cardiomegaly. 
D)  young sedentary male with a high-stress job.

Question 11

Low cardiac output to the kidneys stimulates the release of _____ from juxtaglomerular cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  angiotensinogen 
D)  renin 
A)  aldosterone 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  angiotensinogen 
D)  renin

Exam 19: Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

A patient with pure left-sided heart failure is likely to exhibit

Cor pulmonale refers to

Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in atrophy.

After sitting in a chair for an hour,an elderly patient develops moderate lower extremity edema.His edema is most likely a consequence of

An abnormally wide (more than 0.10 second)QRS complex is characteristic of

Dysrhythmias are significant since they (Select all that apply.)

A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves,wide QRS complexes,and a heart rate of 38 beats/minute on an ECG is most likely in which rhythm?

In which dysrhythmias should treatment be instituted immediately?

A patient with forward effects of heart failure may present with which symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

A patient is diagnosed with heart failure with normal ejection fraction.This patient is most likely characterized by a(n)

Low cardiac output to the kidneys stimulates the release of _____ from juxtaglomerular cells.

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and Aids

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Homeostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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