Exam 20: Shock

Septic shock is commonly associated with Gram-negative infections and Gram-positive organisms that enter the body through the (Select all that apply.)

Which causes of shock are considered to be obstructive? (Select all that apply.)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a serious complication of septic shock characterized by abnormal clot formation in the microvasculature throughout the body.

The effect of nitric oxide on systemic arterioles is

Administration of a vasodilator to a patient in shock would be expected to

A patient who was involved in a fall from a tree becomes short of breath.The lung sounds are absent on one side.This patient is experiencing ________ shock.

The majority of cases of anaphylactic shock occur when a sensitized individual comes in contact with

The urinary signs and symptoms of acute renal failure associated with the progressive stage of shock are (Select all that apply.)

A patient presenting with fever,hypotension,and lactic acidosis is most likely to be experiencing what type of shock?

A patient with cold and edematous extremities,low cardiac output,and profound hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of ________ shock.

Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase in

Massive release of histamine with consequent vasodilation and hypotension occurs with what type of shock?

A patient experiencing shock may exhibit which signs and symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock?

A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock.The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis.

Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what type of shock?

Lactated Ringer solution and normal saline are commonly used crystalloid solutions that contain electrolytes.

Low cardiac output in association with high preload is characteristic of ________ shock.

Tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce production of

Positive inotropic drugs work by increasing (Select all that apply.)