Question 1

The usual age of onset for schizophrenia in men is

Accepted Answer

A)  before puberty. 
B)  15 to 25 years. 
C)  40 to 65 years. 
D)  after 65 years. 
A)  before puberty. 
B)  15 to 25 years. 
C)  40 to 65 years. 
D)  after 65 years. B

Question 2

Drugs that inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine or serotonin may be helpful in the management of

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  panic attacks. 
C)  depression. 
D)  delusional disorder. 
A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  panic attacks. 
C)  depression. 
D)  delusional disorder. C

Question 3

Which statement is true about the incidence of mental illness?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are minimal differences in how cultures view mental health. 
B)  Women have twice the risk of experiencing anxiety disorders than men. 
C)  Men are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety than women are. 
D)  Mood disorders are not likely to occur after the age of 65. 
A)  There are minimal differences in how cultures view mental health. 
B)  Women have twice the risk of experiencing anxiety disorders than men. 
C)  Men are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety than women are. 
D)  Mood disorders are not likely to occur after the age of 65. B

Question 4

A mild form of hyperactivity in which social functioning is not significantly impaired is called

Accepted Answer

A)  anhedonia. 
B)  dysphoria. 
C)  dysthymia. 
D)  hypomania. 
A)  anhedonia. 
B)  dysphoria. 
C)  dysthymia. 
D)  hypomania.

Question 5

The schizophrenia category which indicates that the disturbance has continued but the active-phase symptoms are no longer met is the _____ Type.

Accepted Answer

A)  Residual 
B)  Undifferentiated 
C)  Paranoid 
D)  Disorganized 
A)  Residual 
B)  Undifferentiated 
C)  Paranoid 
D)  Disorganized

Question 6

________ is a term used to describe a serious and debilitating mental state.

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychosis 
B)  Schizophrenia 
C)  Major depressive disorder 
D)  Dysthymia 
A)  Psychosis 
B)  Schizophrenia 
C)  Major depressive disorder 
D)  Dysthymia

Question 7

Mania and depression are both characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  high energy and hyperactivity. 
B)  poor appetite. 
C)  hopelessness. 
D)  altered decision making ability. 
A)  high energy and hyperactivity. 
B)  poor appetite. 
C)  hopelessness. 
D)  altered decision making ability.

Question 8

It is true that the "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

A)  are more easily managed than the positive symptoms. 
B)  are thought to be mediated by D₁ receptors in the brain. 
C)  include rambling speech and delusional thoughts. 
D)  are as a result of a deficiency of brain dopamine. 
A)  are more easily managed than the positive symptoms. 
B)  are thought to be mediated by D₁ receptors in the brain. 
C)  include rambling speech and delusional thoughts. 
D)  are as a result of a deficiency of brain dopamine.

Question 9

The assessment of a client recently diagnosed with schizophrenia confirms good cognitive function and reveals affect that is animated.The client is open about describing the voices and the content of their comments,but demonstrates a disorganized thought process.These findings suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  "negative" psychotic symptoms predominate. 
B)  there is a high risk for suicidal behaviors. 
C)  drug therapy is likely to be ineffective. 
D)  "positive" psychotic symptoms predominate. 
A)  "negative" psychotic symptoms predominate. 
B)  there is a high risk for suicidal behaviors. 
C)  drug therapy is likely to be ineffective. 
D)  "positive" psychotic symptoms predominate.

Question 10

Which symptoms would support a diagnosis of major depressive disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Diminished interest or pleasure 
B)  Incomprehensible speech 
C)  Altered reality 
D)  Psychomotor agitation or retardation 
E)  Appetite disturbance 
A)  Diminished interest or pleasure 
B)  Incomprehensible speech 
C)  Altered reality 
D)  Psychomotor agitation or retardation 
E)  Appetite disturbance

Question 11

Depression is thought to be associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormal personality development. 
B)  early childhood emotional trauma. 
C)  deficient brain norepinephrine and serotonin. 
D)  excessive stimulation of D₁ and D₂ receptors in the brain. 
A)  abnormal personality development. 
B)  early childhood emotional trauma. 
C)  deficient brain norepinephrine and serotonin. 
D)  excessive stimulation of D₁ and D₂ receptors in the brain.

Question 12

When a client is diagnosed with schizophrenia and asks what could have caused the disorder,the statements that could serve as a basis for answering include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Schizophrenia may be related to abnormal cerebral structure. 
B)  Schizophrenia is inherited as an autosomal recessive gene defect. 
C)  Schizophrenia often develops in the absence of family psychopathology. 
D)  Chronic prolonged stress may contribute to development of schizophrenia. 
E)  Symptoms of schizophrenia may be associated with smoking. 
A)  Schizophrenia may be related to abnormal cerebral structure. 
B)  Schizophrenia is inherited as an autosomal recessive gene defect. 
C)  Schizophrenia often develops in the absence of family psychopathology. 
D)  Chronic prolonged stress may contribute to development of schizophrenia. 
E)  Symptoms of schizophrenia may be associated with smoking.

Question 13

Schizophrenia is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized anxiety. 
B)  depression. 
C)  disorganized thinking. 
D)  eating disorders. 
A)  generalized anxiety. 
B)  depression. 
C)  disorganized thinking. 
D)  eating disorders.

Question 14

Lithium is used to manage mania because it

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin activity in the brain. 
B)  is a CNS sedative. 
C)  is converted to catecholamines within the brain. 
D)  blocks D₂ receptors in the brain. 
A)  inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin activity in the brain. 
B)  is a CNS sedative. 
C)  is converted to catecholamines within the brain. 
D)  blocks D₂ receptors in the brain.

Question 15

Drug therapy with a dopamine receptor antagonist is initiated to manage a patient's symptoms of schizophrenia.The goal of treatment is to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase dopamine activity. 
B)  reduce serotonin activity. 
C)  stabilize dopamine activity. 
D)  effect serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmitters. 
A)  increase dopamine activity. 
B)  reduce serotonin activity. 
C)  stabilize dopamine activity. 
D)  effect serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmitters.

Question 16

Which manifestation is characteristic of the "positive" symptoms of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social withdrawal 
B)  Flat affect 
C)  Lack of speech 
D)  Hallucinations 
A)  Social withdrawal 
B)  Flat affect 
C)  Lack of speech 
D)  Hallucinations

Question 17

The action of most antidepressants currently available is to

Accepted Answer

A)  improve brain norepinephrine and serotonin activity. 
B)  inhibit norepinephrine and serotonin activity. 
C)  convert into catecholamines in the brain. 
D)  block D₂ receptors in the brain. 
A)  improve brain norepinephrine and serotonin activity. 
B)  inhibit norepinephrine and serotonin activity. 
C)  convert into catecholamines in the brain. 
D)  block D₂ receptors in the brain.

Question 18

A client who reported hearing voices,some of them saying bad and hurtful things,will now eat only food from unopened sealed packages.The behaviors described indicate that the patient may be experiencing _____ symptoms.

Accepted Answer

A)  bipolar 
B)  obsessive-compulsive 
C)  personality 
D)  psychotic 
A)  bipolar 
B)  obsessive-compulsive 
C)  personality 
D)  psychotic

Question 19

Researchers suggest a mediating role between the later development of schizophrenia and

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal radiation exposure. 
B)  prenatal influenza exposure. 
C)  childhood vaccinations. 
D)  childhood chickenpox. 
A)  prenatal radiation exposure. 
B)  prenatal influenza exposure. 
C)  childhood vaccinations. 
D)  childhood chickenpox.

Question 20

The symptoms of hallucinations and paranoia that accompany schizophrenia are thought to be as result of altered neurotransmitter activity in the brain,which results in excessive ________ receptor activation.

Accepted Answer

A)  D₂ 
B)  serotonin 
C)  a-adrenergic 
D)  acetylcholine 
A)  D₂ 
B)  serotonin 
C)  a-adrenergic 
D)  acetylcholine

Exam 48: Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

The usual age of onset for schizophrenia in men is

Drugs that inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine or serotonin may be helpful in the management of

Which statement is true about the incidence of mental illness?

A mild form of hyperactivity in which social functioning is not significantly impaired is called

The schizophrenia category which indicates that the disturbance has continued but the active-phase symptoms are no longer met is the _____ Type.

________ is a term used to describe a serious and debilitating mental state.

Mania and depression are both characterized by

It is true that the "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia

The assessment of a client recently diagnosed with schizophrenia confirms good cognitive function and reveals affect that is animated.The client is open about describing the voices and the content of their comments,but demonstrates a disorganized thought process.These findings suggest that

Which symptoms would support a diagnosis of major depressive disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Depression is thought to be associated with

When a client is diagnosed with schizophrenia and asks what could have caused the disorder,the statements that could serve as a basis for answering include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Schizophrenia is characterized by

Lithium is used to manage mania because it

Drug therapy with a dopamine receptor antagonist is initiated to manage a patient's symptoms of schizophrenia.The goal of treatment is to

Which manifestation is characteristic of the "positive" symptoms of schizophrenia?

The action of most antidepressants currently available is to

A client who reported hearing voices,some of them saying bad and hurtful things,will now eat only food from unopened sealed packages.The behaviors described indicate that the patient may be experiencing _____ symptoms.

Researchers suggest a mediating role between the later development of schizophrenia and

The symptoms of hallucinations and paranoia that accompany schizophrenia are thought to be as result of altered neurotransmitter activity in the brain,which results in excessive ________ receptor activation.

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and Aids

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Homeostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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