Question 1

The spleen is an important defense against infection,because it

Accepted Answer

A)  activates the complement cascade. 
B)  initiates inflammation. 
C)  controls phagocytosis. 
D)  filters the blood. 
A)  activates the complement cascade. 
B)  initiates inflammation. 
C)  controls phagocytosis. 
D)  filters the blood. D

Question 2

Proteins that are increased in the bloodstream during acute inflammation are called

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane attack complexes. 
B)  selectin receptors. 
C)  acute phase proteins. 
D)  major histocompatibility complexes. 
A)  membrane attack complexes. 
B)  selectin receptors. 
C)  acute phase proteins. 
D)  major histocompatibility complexes. C

Question 3

The mononuclear phagocyte system consists of (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  monocytes and tissue macrophages. 
B)  dendritic cells. 
C)  bone marrow stem cells. 
D)  antibody-secreting plasma cells. 
E)  basophils. 
A)  monocytes and tissue macrophages. 
B)  dendritic cells. 
C)  bone marrow stem cells. 
D)  antibody-secreting plasma cells. 
E)  basophils. A,B

Question 4

Functions of antibodies include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen agglutination. 
B)  antigen precipitation. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  phagocytosis. 
E)  complement activation. 
A)  antigen agglutination. 
B)  antigen precipitation. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  phagocytosis. 
E)  complement activation.

Question 5

The primary function of eosinophils is to

Accepted Answer

A)  kill parasitic helminths (worms). 
B)  kill bacteria. 
C)  stop viral replication. 
D)  phagocytize fungi. 
A)  kill parasitic helminths (worms). 
B)  kill bacteria. 
C)  stop viral replication. 
D)  phagocytize fungi.

Question 6

Functions of T cells include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesizing antibodies. 
B)  secreting cytokines. 
C)  killing antigen-presenting cells. 
D)  stimulating of B cells. 
E)  killing virally infected cells. 
A)  synthesizing antibodies. 
B)  secreting cytokines. 
C)  killing antigen-presenting cells. 
D)  stimulating of B cells. 
E)  killing virally infected cells.

Question 7

Activation of the complement cascade results in (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  antibody production. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  immunosuppression. 
D)  autoimmunity. 
E)  chemotaxis. 
A)  antibody production. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  immunosuppression. 
D)  autoimmunity. 
E)  chemotaxis.

Question 8

Which clinical finding is most indicative of an acute bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased (band) neutrophils 
B)  Elevated temperature 
C)  Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate 
D)  Elevated WBC count 
A)  Increased (band) neutrophils 
B)  Elevated temperature 
C)  Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate 
D)  Elevated WBC count

Question 9

Immunity to a specific organism can be determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  active phase protein count. 
B)  antibody titer. 
C)  erythrocyte sedimentation rate. 
D)  WBC count. 
A)  active phase protein count. 
B)  antibody titer. 
C)  erythrocyte sedimentation rate. 
D)  WBC count.

Question 10

The membrane attack complex formed by complement is similar in function to

Accepted Answer

A)  CD4⁺. 
B)  granzymes. 
C)  CD8. 
D)  perforin. 
A)  CD4⁺. 
B)  granzymes. 
C)  CD8. 
D)  perforin.

Question 11

Passive immunity is provided by (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer of preformed human antibodies. 
B)  injection of human immune globulin. 
C)  injection with preformed animal antibodies. 
D)  vaccines with dead or altered organisms. 
E)  active infections. 
A)  transfer of preformed human antibodies. 
B)  injection of human immune globulin. 
C)  injection with preformed animal antibodies. 
D)  vaccines with dead or altered organisms. 
E)  active infections.

Question 12

Characteristics of complement include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating chemotaxis. 
B)  lysing target cells. 
C)  having multiple plasma proteins. 
D)  being synthesized in the bone marrow. 
E)  enhancing phagocytosis. 
A)  stimulating chemotaxis. 
B)  lysing target cells. 
C)  having multiple plasma proteins. 
D)  being synthesized in the bone marrow. 
E)  enhancing phagocytosis.

Question 13

Antigen-presenting cells function to

Accepted Answer

A)  display foreign antigen on their cell surfaces bound to MHC. 
B)  stimulate cytokine production by macrophages. 
C)  phagocytose and degrade foreign antigens. 
D)  initiate the complement cascade by way of the alternative pathway. 
A)  display foreign antigen on their cell surfaces bound to MHC. 
B)  stimulate cytokine production by macrophages. 
C)  phagocytose and degrade foreign antigens. 
D)  initiate the complement cascade by way of the alternative pathway.

Question 14

Leukocytosis with a "shift to the left" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated segmented neutrophils. 
B)  elevated immature neutrophils. 
C)  decreased monocytes. 
D)  decreased immature neutrophils. 
A)  elevated segmented neutrophils. 
B)  elevated immature neutrophils. 
C)  decreased monocytes. 
D)  decreased immature neutrophils.

Question 15

The "classical pathway" for activation of the complement cascade is triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of C3. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  first recognition of an antigen. 
D)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
A)  activation of C3. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  first recognition of an antigen. 
D)  antigen-antibody complexes.

Question 16

The primary function of kinins is

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytosis of antigens. 
B)  production of antibodies. 
C)  to limit immune reactions. 
D)  vasodilation to enhance inflammation. 
A)  phagocytosis of antigens. 
B)  production of antibodies. 
C)  to limit immune reactions. 
D)  vasodilation to enhance inflammation.

Question 17

Interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-a are inflammatory cytokines secreted by

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma cells. 
B)  neutrophils. 
C)  lymphocytes. 
D)  macrophages. 
A)  plasma cells. 
B)  neutrophils. 
C)  lymphocytes. 
D)  macrophages.

Question 18

Functions of B cells include

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesizing antibodies. 
B)  secreting cytokines. 
C)  killing antigen-presenting cells. 
D)  stimulating B cells. 
E)  killing virally infected cells. 
A)  synthesizing antibodies. 
B)  secreting cytokines. 
C)  killing antigen-presenting cells. 
D)  stimulating B cells. 
E)  killing virally infected cells.

Question 19

Active immunity involves (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  injection of preformed human antibodies. 
B)  injection of human immune globulin. 
C)  injection with preformed animal antibodies. 
D)  vaccines with dead or altered organisms. 
E)  active infections. 
A)  injection of preformed human antibodies. 
B)  injection of human immune globulin. 
C)  injection with preformed animal antibodies. 
D)  vaccines with dead or altered organisms. 
E)  active infections.

Exam 9: Inflammation and Immunity

The spleen is an important defense against infection,because it

Proteins that are increased in the bloodstream during acute inflammation are called

The mononuclear phagocyte system consists of (Select all that apply.)

Functions of antibodies include (Select all that apply.)

The primary function of eosinophils is to

Functions of T cells include (Select all that apply.)

Activation of the complement cascade results in (Select all that apply.)

Which clinical finding is most indicative of an acute bacterial infection?

Immunity to a specific organism can be determined by

The membrane attack complex formed by complement is similar in function to

Passive immunity is provided by (Select all that apply.)

Characteristics of complement include (Select all that apply.)

Antigen-presenting cells function to

Leukocytosis with a "shift to the left" refers to

The "classical pathway" for activation of the complement cascade is triggered by

The primary function of kinins is

Interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-a are inflammatory cytokines secreted by

Functions of B cells include

Active immunity involves (Select all that apply.)

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and Aids

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Homeostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

Filters