Exam 14: Fluid and Acidbase Balance

Match the aspects of extracellular fluid, labelled a. and b., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -depends primarily on H₂O a.balance

Chemical buffer systems are the most powerful mechanism available for defending against changes in [H⁺] because they respond the fastest.

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -This occurs with heavy vomiting.

What is the effect on water when ECF becomes hypertonic

Water is freely permeable through all cell membranes.

A person with diarrhoea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure.The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -amount of Na⁺ and H₂O a.filtered

Indicate the [CO₂] and [HCO₃-] levels, labelled a. through i., in each of the following situations. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -compensated respiratory acidosis

Under which of these circumstances is the thirst mechanism NOT invoked

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -damage to the respiratory centre

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -pneumonia

Buffer systems contain strong acids, such as HCl.

Acidosis changes the rate and depth of breathing by ____________________ it.

Which of these events happens if an individual becomes dehydrated

Which of these statements is the best description of the role of angiotensin II

Which [HCO₃-]/[CO₂] ratio might exist in this condition

A person with diarrhoea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure.The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -permeability of distal and collecting tubules to H₂O a.

What is the primary electrolyte in the extracellular fluid

The third line of defence is the renal mechanism of pH control.Which of these statements of renal compensation will NOT occur in response to this condition

A person with diarrhoea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure.The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -angiotensin I and II production

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.