Question 1

The ____________________ are the group of molecules that are the most plentiful buffers in the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ are the group of molecules...

Question 2

Which of these statements does NOT describe pH

Accepted Answer

A) It is equal to log 1/[H⁺]. 
B) It is equal to pK + log [HCO₃-]/[CO₂]. 
C) It is high when acidosis is present. 
D) It can be calculated if the HCO₃- and CO₂ concentrations in the body fluids are known, even if the H⁺ concentration is unknown. 
A) It is equal to log 1/[H⁺]. 
B) It is equal to pK + log [HCO₃-]/[CO₂]. 
C) It is high when acidosis is present. 
D) It can be calculated if the HCO₃- and CO₂ concentrations in the body fluids are known, even if the H⁺ concentration is unknown.

Question 3

Which chemical buffer system buffers primarily against carbonic acid changes

Accepted Answer

A) bicarbonate 
B) protein 
C) haemoglobin 
D) phosphate 
A) bicarbonate 
B) protein 
C) haemoglobin 
D) phosphate

Question 4

An increased secretion of H ions in the kidney has the greatest direct effect on the tubular secretion of which of these ions

Accepted Answer

A) calcium 
B) chloride 
C) phosphate 
D) potassium 
A) calcium 
B) chloride 
C) phosphate 
D) potassium

Question 5

The primary ECF cation is _____, and the primary ICF cation is _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary ECF cation is _____, and...

Question 6

Which of these statements describes chemical buffer systems

Accepted Answer

A) They respond in one to three minutes to changes in hydrogen ion concentration. 
B) They stimulate the respiratory centre when acidosis is present. 
C) They promote H⁺ excretion by the kidneys when acidosis is present. 
D) They respond to changes in acid or base levels. 
A) They respond in one to three minutes to changes in hydrogen ion concentration. 
B) They stimulate the respiratory centre when acidosis is present. 
C) They promote H⁺ excretion by the kidneys when acidosis is present. 
D) They respond to changes in acid or base levels.

Question 7

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-aspirin poisoning

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

Question 8

Which of these acids would be considered a strong acid

Accepted Answer

A) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.05 
B) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.10 
C) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.47 
D) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.99 
A) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.05 
B) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.10 
C) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.47 
D) one with a dissociation constant (K) = 0.99

Question 9

____________________ are too large to pass through the pores in the capillary and enter the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are too large to pass through...

Question 10

A pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic as a pH of 5.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What is the primary anion of the ECF

Accepted Answer

A) bicarbonate ion 
B) chloride ion 
C) sodium ion 
D) potassium ion 
A) bicarbonate ion 
B) chloride ion 
C) sodium ion 
D) potassium ion

Question 12

Given the following logarithms, what would be the pH of this patient
Log of 10 = 1.0
Log of 20 = 1.3
Log of 40 = 1.6
PK = 6.1

Accepted Answer

A) pH = 7.7 
B) pH = 7.4 
C) pH = 7.1 
D) pH = 6.9 
A) pH = 7.7 
B) pH = 7.4 
C) pH = 7.1 
D) pH = 6.9

Question 13

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-excessive ingestion of alkaline drugs such as NaHCO₃

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

Question 14

Which of these symptoms is/are associated with acidosis

Accepted Answer

A) extreme nervousness 
B) disorientation and coma 
C) "pins and needles" sensations 
D) muscle twitches and muscle spasms 
A) extreme nervousness 
B) disorientation and coma 
C) "pins and needles" sensations 
D) muscle twitches and muscle spasms

Question 15

The quantity of any particular substance in the ECF is considered to be a readily available internal ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The quantity of any particular substance in...

Question 16

Insensible H₂O
a.loss includes water lost as a result of metabolic reactions within the cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-This occurs as a consequence of diabetes insipidus.

Accepted Answer

A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration nor dehydration 
A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration nor dehydration

Question 18

Variation in percentage of body water among individuals is due primarily to which of these factors

Accepted Answer

A) differences in amount of adipose tissue 
B) differences in total muscle mass 
C) differences in vasopressin secretion 
D) differences in drinking habits 
A) differences in amount of adipose tissue 
B) differences in total muscle mass 
C) differences in vasopressin secretion 
D) differences in drinking habits

Question 19

Given the following information, what is the pH
Ratio of [HCO₃-]/[CO₂] = 20/0.5
PK = 6.1
Log of 10 = 1.0
Log of 20 = 1.3
Log of 40 = 1.6

Accepted Answer

A) pH = 7.0 
B) pH = 7.4 
C) pH = 7.7 
D) It is impossible to determine the pH with the information provided. 
A) pH = 7.0 
B) pH = 7.4 
C) pH = 7.7 
D) It is impossible to determine the pH with the information provided.

Question 20

Which of following is the transcellular fluid that serves as a shock absorber in the joints

Accepted Answer

A) intraocular 
B) pericardial 
C) peritoneal 
D) synovial 
A) intraocular 
B) pericardial 
C) peritoneal 
D) synovial

The ____________________ are the group of molecules that are the most plentiful buffers in the body.

Which of these statements does NOT describe pH

Which chemical buffer system buffers primarily against carbonic acid changes

An increased secretion of H ions in the kidney has the greatest direct effect on the tubular secretion of which of these ions

The primary ECF cation is _, and the primary ICF cation is _.

Which of these statements describes chemical buffer systems

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -aspirin poisoning

Which of these acids would be considered a strong acid

____________________ are too large to pass through the pores in the capillary and enter the interstitial fluid.

A pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic as a pH of 5.

What is the primary anion of the ECF

Given the following logarithms, what would be the pH of this patient Log of 10 = 1.0 Log of 20 = 1.3 Log of 40 = 1.6 PK = 6.1

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -excessive ingestion of alkaline drugs such as NaHCO₃

Which of these symptoms is/are associated with acidosis

The quantity of any particular substance in the ECF is considered to be a readily available internal ____________________.

Insensible H₂O a.loss includes water lost as a result of metabolic reactions within the cells.

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -This occurs as a consequence of diabetes insipidus.

Variation in percentage of body water among individuals is due primarily to which of these factors

Given the following information, what is the pH Ratio of [HCO₃-]/[CO₂] = 20/0.5 PK = 6.1 Log of 10 = 1.0 Log of 20 = 1.3 Log of 40 = 1.6

Which of following is the transcellular fluid that serves as a shock absorber in the joints

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 14: Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The ____________________ are the group of molecules that are the most plentiful buffers in the body.

Which of these statements does NOT describe pH

Which chemical buffer system buffers primarily against carbonic acid changes

An increased secretion of H ions in the kidney has the greatest direct effect on the tubular secretion of which of these ions

The primary ECF cation is _____, and the primary ICF cation is _____.

Which of these statements describes chemical buffer systems

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -aspirin poisoning

Which of these acids would be considered a strong acid

____________________ are too large to pass through the pores in the capillary and enter the interstitial fluid.

A pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic as a pH of 5.

What is the primary anion of the ECF

Given the following logarithms, what would be the pH of this patient Log of 10 = 1.0 Log of 20 = 1.3 Log of 40 = 1.6 PK = 6.1

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -excessive ingestion of alkaline drugs such as NaHCO₃

Which of these symptoms is/are associated with acidosis

The quantity of any particular substance in the ECF is considered to be a readily available internal ____________________.

Insensible H₂O a.loss includes water lost as a result of metabolic reactions within the cells.

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -This occurs as a consequence of diabetes insipidus.

Variation in percentage of body water among individuals is due primarily to which of these factors

Given the following information, what is the pH Ratio of [HCO₃-]/[CO₂] = 20/0.5 PK = 6.1 Log of 10 = 1.0 Log of 20 = 1.3 Log of 40 = 1.6

Which of following is the transcellular fluid that serves as a shock absorber in the joints

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

The primary ECF cation is _, and the primary ICF cation is _.