Exam 14: Fluid and Acidbase Balance

Acids can dissociate in solution to yield free hydrogen ions and anions.

The only cause of hypotonicity is drinking excess fluid.

The main reason that extracellular fluid volume must be closely regulated is to prevent fluid shifts from occurring between the ICF and the ECF.

The secretion of H⁺ by the tubular cells of the kidney is influenced by the gas ____________________.

The amount of free H₂O a.reabsorbed is regulated primarily by the hormone ____________________.

The body normally loses 10 grams of salt daily.

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of hypertonicity in the body

Which of these situations happens when water is lost from the ECF but electrolytes are retained

Each intracellular protein exerts more osmotic effect than each intracellular phosphate ion because the proteins are larger.

Which of the following contributes the vast majority of the extracellular fluid's osmotic activity

A chemical buffer system enables a solution to resist a marked change in pH upon addition or loss of acid or base.

All substances that contain hydrogen are considered to be acids.

Which of these statements does NOT refer to interstitial fluid

When total body input of a particular substance equals its total body output, a(n) ____________________ balance exists.

If the pH of body fluids is 7.3, then alkalosis is present because neutral pH equals 7.0.

Which of these statements refers to osmolarity

The pH of arterial blood is lower than the pH of venous blood.

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -anxiety

Carbon dioxide is unintentionally increased as a cause of respiratory acidosis but is deliberately increased as a compensation for metabolic alkalosis.

If the [HCO₃-]/[CO₂] is 20/2, what is the situation