Question 1

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-ion that is actively transported into the cell

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) K⁺ 
C) A- 
D) Cl- 
A) Na+ 
B) K⁺ 
C) A- 
D) Cl- B

Question 2

What is stored in synaptic vesicles

Accepted Answer

A) hormones 
B) neurotransmitters 
C) sodium ions 
D) glucose 
A) hormones 
B) neurotransmitters 
C) sodium ions 
D) glucose B

Question 3

Phagocytosis is a specialized form of endocytosis used for bringing in extracellular fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Which of the following occurs at an excitatory synapse

Accepted Answer

A) There is increased permeability of the subsynaptic membrane to both Na⁺ and K⁺. 
B) A small hyperpolarization occurs. 
C) An action potential in the presynaptic neuron always causes an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. 
D) The presynaptic neuron increases the permeability of the subsynaptic membrane of the postsynaptic cell to K⁺ only. 
A) There is increased permeability of the subsynaptic membrane to both Na⁺ and K⁺. 
B) A small hyperpolarization occurs. 
C) An action potential in the presynaptic neuron always causes an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. 
D) The presynaptic neuron increases the permeability of the subsynaptic membrane of the postsynaptic cell to K⁺ only.

Question 5

Which of the following describes tight junctions

Accepted Answer

A) They prevent passage of materials between epithelial cells. 
B) They force materials to pass between cells. 
C) They are commonly found in respiratory tract linings. 
D) They serve as avenues for the transfer of small molecules from one cell to the next. 
A) They prevent passage of materials between epithelial cells. 
B) They force materials to pass between cells. 
C) They are commonly found in respiratory tract linings. 
D) They serve as avenues for the transfer of small molecules from one cell to the next.

Question 6

A given synapse is always excitatory or ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A given synapse is always excitatory or...

Question 7

Which of these statements describes intermediate filaments

Accepted Answer

A) They comprise mitotic spindles. 
B) They are important in cell regions subject to mechanical stress. 
C) They comprise cilia. 
D) They comprise flagella. 
A) They comprise mitotic spindles. 
B) They are important in cell regions subject to mechanical stress. 
C) They comprise cilia. 
D) They comprise flagella.

Question 8

Which of the following occurs when a membrane is stimulated due to opening of chemically gated Na⁺ channels

Accepted Answer

A) An impulse is propagated. 
B) A graded potential is established. 
C) An action potential is established. 
D) The voltage becomes more negative. 
A) An impulse is propagated. 
B) A graded potential is established. 
C) An action potential is established. 
D) The voltage becomes more negative.

Question 9

Why does the relative refractory period occur after the action potential is complete

Accepted Answer

A) because of the activation of the voltage-gated Na⁺ channels 
B) because of the slowness of the voltage-gated channels 
C) because of the sodium-potassium pump 
D) because of quick potassium efflux 
A) because of the activation of the voltage-gated Na⁺ channels 
B) because of the slowness of the voltage-gated channels 
C) because of the sodium-potassium pump 
D) because of quick potassium efflux

Question 10

Gap junctions are especially abundant in what kinds of tissue

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal muscles and epithelial tissues 
B) epithelial tissues and smooth muscle 
C) cardiac muscle and smooth muscle 
D) brain tissue and cardiac muscle 
A) skeletal muscles and epithelial tissues 
B) epithelial tissues and smooth muscle 
C) cardiac muscle and smooth muscle 
D) brain tissue and cardiac muscle

Question 11

The cytosol is the gel-like mass of the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-increase the surface area of the kidney tubules

Accepted Answer

A) flagella 
B) cilia 
C) microvilli 
A) flagella 
B) cilia 
C) microvilli

Question 13

Threshold potential is the peak potential achieved during an action potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of these statements does NOT apply to the citric acid cycle

Accepted Answer

A) It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. 
B) Carbon dioxide is released. 
C) Several ATP molecules are produced for each cycle. 
D) Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetic CoA initially react to form citric acid. 
A) It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. 
B) Carbon dioxide is released. 
C) Several ATP molecules are produced for each cycle. 
D) Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetic CoA initially react to form citric acid.

Question 15

In active transport, a substance moves from an area of ____________________ concentration to an area of ____________________ concentration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In active transport, a substance moves from...

Question 16

The protective, waterproof outer layer of skin is formed by the tough skeleton of the microtrabecular lattice that persists after the surface skin cells die.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match the terms, labelled a. through d., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-provide a pathway for axonal transport

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules 
B) microfilaments 
C) intermediate filaments 
D) micro trabecular lattice 
A) microtubules 
B) microfilaments 
C) intermediate filaments 
D) micro trabecular lattice

Question 18

Neurotransmitters are small, ____________________acting molecules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neurotransmitters are small, ____________________acting molecules....

Question 19

Which of these statements describes the Na⁺-K⁺ pump

Accepted Answer

A) It pumps Na⁺ into the cell. 
B) It pumps K⁺ into the cell. 
C) It pumps K⁺ out of the cell. 
D) It has a higher affinity for K⁺ when the carrier is phosphorylated. 
A) It pumps Na⁺ into the cell. 
B) It pumps K⁺ into the cell. 
C) It pumps K⁺ out of the cell. 
D) It has a higher affinity for K⁺ when the carrier is phosphorylated.

Question 20

The grand postsynaptic potential depends on the sum of activity of the presynaptic inputs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -ion that is actively transported into the cell

What is stored in synaptic vesicles

Phagocytosis is a specialized form of endocytosis used for bringing in extracellular fluids.

Which of the following occurs at an excitatory synapse

Which of the following describes tight junctions

A given synapse is always excitatory or ____________________.

Which of these statements describes intermediate filaments

Which of the following occurs when a membrane is stimulated due to opening of chemically gated Na⁺ channels

Why does the relative refractory period occur after the action potential is complete

Gap junctions are especially abundant in what kinds of tissue

The cytosol is the gel-like mass of the cytoplasm.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -increase the surface area of the kidney tubules

Threshold potential is the peak potential achieved during an action potential.

Which of these statements does NOT apply to the citric acid cycle

In active transport, a substance moves from an area of concentration to an area of concentration.

The protective, waterproof outer layer of skin is formed by the tough skeleton of the microtrabecular lattice that persists after the surface skin cells die.

Match the terms, labelled a. through d., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -provide a pathway for axonal transport

Neurotransmitters are small, ____________________acting molecules.

Which of these statements describes the Na⁺-K⁺ pump

The grand postsynaptic potential depends on the sum of activity of the presynaptic inputs.

The Foundation of Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 2: Cell Physiology

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -ion that is actively transported into the cell

What is stored in synaptic vesicles

Phagocytosis is a specialized form of endocytosis used for bringing in extracellular fluids.

Which of the following occurs at an excitatory synapse

Which of the following describes tight junctions

A given synapse is always excitatory or ____________________.

Which of these statements describes intermediate filaments

Which of the following occurs when a membrane is stimulated due to opening of chemically gated Na⁺ channels

Why does the relative refractory period occur after the action potential is complete

Gap junctions are especially abundant in what kinds of tissue

The cytosol is the gel-like mass of the cytoplasm.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -increase the surface area of the kidney tubules

Threshold potential is the peak potential achieved during an action potential.

Which of these statements does NOT apply to the citric acid cycle

In active transport, a substance moves from an area of ____________________ concentration to an area of ____________________ concentration.

The protective, waterproof outer layer of skin is formed by the tough skeleton of the microtrabecular lattice that persists after the surface skin cells die.

Match the terms, labelled a. through d., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -provide a pathway for axonal transport

Neurotransmitters are small, ____________________acting molecules.

Which of these statements describes the Na⁺-K⁺ pump

The grand postsynaptic potential depends on the sum of activity of the presynaptic inputs.

The Foundation of Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

In active transport, a substance moves from an area of concentration to an area of concentration.