Exam 2: Cell Physiology

For every 3 sodium ions that the sodium-potassium pump moves out of the cell, how many potassium ions does it move into the cell

The carbohydrate found in plasma membranes is believed to be involved in the aggregation of cells to form tissue.

Fibronectin is the extracellular matrix component that provides tensile strength.

____________________ is the effector protein in the cyclic AMP pathway.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane

The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide produces ____________________ and ____________________ molecules.

In facilitated diffusion, particles move from a ____________________ concentration to a ____________________ concentration.

At the end of repolarization, the newly opened channels for ____________________ ions close.

The large protein anion does not leave the cell because there is no concentration or electrical gradient to drive it outward.

XYZ For the following questions, assume a hypothetical postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs: X, Y, and Z. Also assume that presynaptic neurons Y and Z are excitatory. -Refer to the text.What permeability changes would be expected to occur at the postsynaptic neuron when presynaptic neuron X is stimulated (Remember that the postsynaptic neuron becomes hyperpolarized by presynaptic neuron X.)

The release of a chemical messenger at the synapse immediately stimulates potassium permeability in the postsynaptic neuron.

Where is the trigger zone of a neuron

In the aerobic respiration process of cells, when is CO₂ released

The myelin covering the axon promotes the leakage of ions from the neuron.

The fluid contained within all the cells of the body is known collectively as ____________________, and the fluid outside the cells is referred to as ____________________.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is most abundant in cells specialized for protein secretion, whereas smooth endoplasmic reticulum is abundant in cells that specialize in lipid metabolism.

Which of these organelles is NOT membrane bound

The conduction velocity of a nerve impulse is slower in myelinated fibres than in unmyelinated fibres because myelin acts as an insulator that slows the flow of current.

Which of these statements does NOT describe gap junctions

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -guide egg to oviduct