Exam 2: Cell Physiology

At the synapse, a presynaptic neuron signals a ____________________ neuron.

Osmosis does not occur if the concentration gradients for water and solutes are absent in a system.

____________________ are chemical messengers that bind to neuronal receptors at nonsynaptic sites and alter the effectiveness of ongoing synaptic activity.

Which of the following is known to be a second messenger

Which of the following are receptor sites on the outer surface of the plasma membrane

A first messenger is an intracellular chemical messenger that triggers a preprogrammed series of biochemical events within a cell to bring about a desired response.

Amoeboid movement is accomplished by transitions of the cytosol between a gel and a solid state as a result of alternate assembly and disassembly, respectively, of actin filaments.

Match the result, labelled a. or b., with the force and involved ion in question. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -Na⁺-K⁺ pump for Na⁺

Active transport is a kind of ____________________ transport.

Which of these statements describes ATP synthase

The following questions refer to comparative concentrations, permeabilities, and potentials under various circumstances. Match the relationship between the two items, A. and B.., with the qualifications labelled a. through c. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -a.concentration of K⁺ in the extracellular fluid B.concentration of K⁺ in the intracellular fluid of a resting nerve cell

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -ion whose concentration gradient is established by the membrane potential

In secondary active transport, energy is required directly by the carrier to move a substance uphill against a concentration gradient.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -takes place in the mitochondrial matrix

Permeability of which of these ions is affected by a positive-feedback mechanism once threshold is reached

The extracellular matrix and the local cells that secrete it are collectively known as connective tissue.

Under which of these circumstances does an action potential develop

Repeated firings of one presynaptic neuron can produce ____________________ summation.

Match the terms, labelled a. through d., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -play(s) a key role in muscle contraction

Match the vesicles, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -enclosed in a clathrin framework