Question 1

Which of these statements describes a threshold potential

Accepted Answer

A) It is the potential achieved when two opposing forces acting upon an ion (concentration and electrical gradients) achieve a state of equilibrium. 
B) It is the peak potential achieved during an action potential. 
C) It is the point at which there is an explosive increase in Na⁺ permeability. 
D) It is the potential at which K⁺ permeability increases. 
A) It is the potential achieved when two opposing forces acting upon an ion (concentration and electrical gradients) achieve a state of equilibrium. 
B) It is the peak potential achieved during an action potential. 
C) It is the point at which there is an explosive increase in Na⁺ permeability. 
D) It is the potential at which K⁺ permeability increases.

Question 2

The smooth ER specializes in protein metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-high yield of ATP

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) citric acid cycle 
C) oxidative phosphorylation 
A) glycolysis 
B) citric acid cycle 
C) oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

Which of the following describes the nodes of Ranvier

Accepted Answer

A) action potential recordings 
B) breaks in the myelin covering 
C) lipid paths 
D) spaces between neurons 
A) action potential recordings 
B) breaks in the myelin covering 
C) lipid paths 
D) spaces between neurons

Question 5

Gap junctions play an important role in transmission of impulses for heart contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

After an action potential has occurred, there is more Na⁺ inside the cell than outside the cell (before any Na⁺-K⁺ pump activity has taken place).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Along a neuron, an action potential normally travels from the dendrites to the cell body to the axon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The dendrites of a presynaptic neuron directly signal the axon of a postsynaptic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match the cellular proteins, labelled a. through e., with their correct characteristic.
-comprises microtubules

Accepted Answer

A) dynamin 
B) tubulin 
C) kinesin 
D) actin 
E) ribophorin 
A) dynamin 
B) tubulin 
C) kinesin 
D) actin 
E) ribophorin

Question 10

Neuropeptides are mainly neuromodulators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, the plasma membrane consists primarily of a bilayer of mobile phospholipid molecules studded with an ever-changing mosaic pattern of proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to Cl- lessens the likelihood that the postsynaptic cell will undergo an action potential because the membrane potential is moved farther away from threshold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The endoplasmic reticulum is one continuous organelle consisting of many tubules and cisternae.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Axon terminals possess ____________________ voltage-gated channels that, when operational, induce neurotransmitter release.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Axon terminals possess ____________________ voltage-gated channels that,...

Question 15

Match the vesicles, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-contents emptied to the exterior by exocytosis

Accepted Answer

A) transport vesicles 
B) coated vesicles 
C) secretory vesicles 
A) transport vesicles 
B) coated vesicles 
C) secretory vesicles

Question 16

Compare and contrast neuromodulation and presynaptic inhibition/facilitation.

Accepted Answer

Neuromodulation and presynaptic inhibiti

Question 17

The two major parts of the cell's interior are the ____________________ and the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

nucleus; c

Question 18

Schwann cells promote axonal growth, while oligodendrocytes inhibit it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

____________________ along axons reduces resistance and, hence, increases impulse velocity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ along axons reduces resistance and, hence,...

Question 20

XYZ
For the following questions, assume a hypothetical postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs: X, Y, and Z. Also assume that presynaptic neurons Y and Z are excitatory.
-Refer to the text.If presynaptic neurons X and Z are stimulated simultaneously, what change would be expected to occur in the postsynaptic neuron

Accepted Answer

A) a single EPSP 
B) a single IPSP 
C) temporal summation of EPSPs 
D) IPSP and EPSP would cancel each other out, so there would be essentially no change in potential in the postsynaptic neuron. 
A) a single EPSP 
B) a single IPSP 
C) temporal summation of EPSPs 
D) IPSP and EPSP would cancel each other out, so there would be essentially no change in potential in the postsynaptic neuron.

Which of these statements describes a threshold potential

The smooth ER specializes in protein metabolism.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -high yield of ATP

Which of the following describes the nodes of Ranvier

Gap junctions play an important role in transmission of impulses for heart contraction.

After an action potential has occurred, there is more Na⁺ inside the cell than outside the cell (before any Na⁺-K⁺ pump activity has taken place).

Along a neuron, an action potential normally travels from the dendrites to the cell body to the axon.

The dendrites of a presynaptic neuron directly signal the axon of a postsynaptic neuron.

Match the cellular proteins, labelled a. through e., with their correct characteristic. -comprises microtubules

Neuropeptides are mainly neuromodulators.

According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, the plasma membrane consists primarily of a bilayer of mobile phospholipid molecules studded with an ever-changing mosaic pattern of proteins.

Increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to Cl^- lessens the likelihood that the postsynaptic cell will undergo an action potential because the membrane potential is moved farther away from threshold.

The endoplasmic reticulum is one continuous organelle consisting of many tubules and cisternae.

Axon terminals possess ____________________ voltage-gated channels that, when operational, induce neurotransmitter release.

Match the vesicles, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -contents emptied to the exterior by exocytosis

Compare and contrast neuromodulation and presynaptic inhibition/facilitation.

The two major parts of the cell's interior are the and the .

Schwann cells promote axonal growth, while oligodendrocytes inhibit it.

____________________ along axons reduces resistance and, hence, increases impulse velocity.

The Foundation of Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 2: Cell Physiology

Which of these statements describes a threshold potential

The smooth ER specializes in protein metabolism.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -high yield of ATP

Which of the following describes the nodes of Ranvier

Gap junctions play an important role in transmission of impulses for heart contraction.

After an action potential has occurred, there is more Na⁺ inside the cell than outside the cell (before any Na⁺-K⁺ pump activity has taken place).

Along a neuron, an action potential normally travels from the dendrites to the cell body to the axon.

The dendrites of a presynaptic neuron directly signal the axon of a postsynaptic neuron.

Match the cellular proteins, labelled a. through e., with their correct characteristic. -comprises microtubules

Neuropeptides are mainly neuromodulators.

According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, the plasma membrane consists primarily of a bilayer of mobile phospholipid molecules studded with an ever-changing mosaic pattern of proteins.

Increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to Cl- lessens the likelihood that the postsynaptic cell will undergo an action potential because the membrane potential is moved farther away from threshold.

The endoplasmic reticulum is one continuous organelle consisting of many tubules and cisternae.

Axon terminals possess ____________________ voltage-gated channels that, when operational, induce neurotransmitter release.

Match the vesicles, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -contents emptied to the exterior by exocytosis

Compare and contrast neuromodulation and presynaptic inhibition/facilitation.

The two major parts of the cell's interior are the ____________________ and the ____________________.

Schwann cells promote axonal growth, while oligodendrocytes inhibit it.

____________________ along axons reduces resistance and, hence, increases impulse velocity.

The Foundation of Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

Increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to Cl^- lessens the likelihood that the postsynaptic cell will undergo an action potential because the membrane potential is moved farther away from threshold.

The two major parts of the cell's interior are the and the .