Exam 2: Cell Physiology

In the cyclic AMP second messenger system, binding of the first messenger to a surface receptor leads to activation of adenylate cyclase, which induces the conversion of which of the following to cyclic AMP

At the equilibrium potential for an ion, its ____________________ gradient is exactly counterbalanced by its electrical gradient.

Why does anaerobic respiration take place when O₂ is unavailable

Which of these statements describes the resting membrane potential

Most of the membrane potential of the plasma membrane is established by the active transport of sodium and potassium ions.

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -consists of stacks of flattened sacs

XYZ For the following questions, assume a hypothetical postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs: X, Y, and Z. Also assume that presynaptic neurons Y and Z are excitatory. -Refer to the text.If presynaptic neuron Z is repeatedly stimulated very rapidly, what change would be expected to occur in the postsynaptic neuron

Which of these statements refers to rough endoplasmic reticulum

Myelinated fibres in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems are capable of regenerating when cut.

An unmyelinated fibre with a large diameter can conduct action potentials more rapidly than an unmyelinated fibre with a smaller diameter.

____________________ diffusion allows materials to pass through the membrane by a carrier protein without the expenditure of energy.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -whip-like appendages

Which of the following is NOT an activity of the cytosol

Which of these statements is an accurate representation of membrane permeability and ion potential

Match the cellular proteins, labelled a. through e., with their correct characteristic. -comprises intermediate filaments

In the plasma membrane, the polar ends of the phospholipid molecules are hydrophilic.

XYZ For the following questions, assume a hypothetical postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs: X, Y, and Z. Also assume that presynaptic neurons Y and Z are excitatory. -Refer to the text.If presynaptic neuron X is stimulated, the postsynaptic cell membrane becomes slightly hyperpolarized.What kind of a synapse is involved between presynaptic neuron X and the postsynaptic neuron

What happens to an action potential at an excitatory synapse

As the triggering event gets stronger, what type of gated channels open up more frequently or for longer duration

Which of these statements describes the refractory period