Question 1

A plasma clearance of 135 mL/min for a substance when the GFR is 125 mL/min indicates that net secretion of the substance occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The plasma clearance of the harmless foreign compound ____________________ is equal to the GFR.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The plasma clearance of the harmless foreign...

Question 4

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p.
-distal and collecting tubules

Accepted Answer

A) collecting tubules empty into this structure 
B) stores the urine 
C) passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen 
D) carries blood to the glomerulus 
E) tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
H)collects the glomerular filtrate
I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
J)functional unit of the kidney
K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients
L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
M)tube through which urine leaves the body
N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here 
A) collecting tubules empty into this structure 
B) stores the urine 
C) passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen 
D) carries blood to the glomerulus 
E) tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
H)collects the glomerular filtrate
I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
J)functional unit of the kidney
K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients
L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
M)tube through which urine leaves the body
N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Question 5

Where is water reabsorption under the control of vasopressin

Accepted Answer

A) along the entire length of the nephron 
B) only in the loop of Henle 
C) only in the distal and collecting tubules 
D) only in the proximal tubule 
A) along the entire length of the nephron 
B) only in the loop of Henle 
C) only in the distal and collecting tubules 
D) only in the proximal tubule

Question 6

The clearance rate for inulin is greater than the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is the location of the Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A) luminal membrane of tubular cells 
B) basolateral membrane of tubular cells 
C) podocytes 
D) glomerular capillary membrane 
A) luminal membrane of tubular cells 
B) basolateral membrane of tubular cells 
C) podocytes 
D) glomerular capillary membrane

Question 8

A rise in ECF K⁺ concentration leads to increased excitability of heart muscle, possibly producing fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which statement describes glomerular filtration

Accepted Answer

A) It occurs in the loop of Henle. 
B) It is the process by which plasma water, electrolytes, and small molecules are separated from blood cells and protein. 
C) It is the process by which a substance is transported from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillaries. 
D) It is greater when glomerular capsular pressure is higher. 
A) It occurs in the loop of Henle. 
B) It is the process by which plasma water, electrolytes, and small molecules are separated from blood cells and protein. 
C) It is the process by which a substance is transported from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillaries. 
D) It is greater when glomerular capsular pressure is higher.

Question 10

____________________ renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; ____________________ renal failure is slow, progressive, and irreversible.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ renal failure has a rapid onset...

Question 11

Which of these statements does NOT refer to urea

Accepted Answer

A) It is a waste product resulting from the breakdown of protein. 
B) It is passively reabsorbed at the end of the proximal tubule down a concentration gradient created by the osmotic-induced reabsorption of water from the proximal tubule. 
C) Recycling between the late portion of the collecting tubule and the long loops of Henle contributes to medullary hypotonicity. 
D) Only half the filtered amount is eliminated from the plasma. 
A) It is a waste product resulting from the breakdown of protein. 
B) It is passively reabsorbed at the end of the proximal tubule down a concentration gradient created by the osmotic-induced reabsorption of water from the proximal tubule. 
C) Recycling between the late portion of the collecting tubule and the long loops of Henle contributes to medullary hypotonicity. 
D) Only half the filtered amount is eliminated from the plasma.

Question 12

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are water channels in the tubular...

Question 13

If a substance is filtered and secreted but not reabsorbed, its plasma clearance rate is always less than the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Tubular secretion involves the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Where does tubular secretion of foreign substances such as drugs generally occur

Accepted Answer

A) Bowman's capsule 
B) the loop of Henle 
C) the proximal tubule 
D) the collecting duct 
A) Bowman's capsule 
B) the loop of Henle 
C) the proximal tubule 
D) the collecting duct

Question 16

During the micturition reflex, the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Because of autoregulation, changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mmHg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed.
-filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted

Accepted Answer

A) K⁺ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H⁺ 
A) K⁺ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H⁺

Question 19

The micturition reflex centre is located in the ____________________ region of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The micturition reflex centre is located in...

Question 20

Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mOsm/litre.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mOsm/litre....

A plasma clearance of 135 mL/min for a substance when the GFR is 125 mL/min indicates that net secretion of the substance occurs.

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

The plasma clearance of the harmless foreign compound ____________________ is equal to the GFR.

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. -distal and collecting tubules

Where is water reabsorption under the control of vasopressin

The clearance rate for inulin is greater than the GFR.

What is the location of the Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption

A rise in ECF K⁺ concentration leads to increased excitability of heart muscle, possibly producing fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

Which statement describes glomerular filtration

renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; renal failure is slow, progressive, and irreversible.

Which of these statements does NOT refer to urea

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

If a substance is filtered and secreted but not reabsorbed, its plasma clearance rate is always less than the GFR.

Tubular secretion involves the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.

Where does tubular secretion of foreign substances such as drugs generally occur

During the micturition reflex, the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated.

Because of autoregulation, changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mmHg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. -filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted

The micturition reflex centre is located in the ____________________ region of the spinal cord.

Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mOsm/litre.

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 13: The Urinary System

A plasma clearance of 135 mL/min for a substance when the GFR is 125 mL/min indicates that net secretion of the substance occurs.

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

The plasma clearance of the harmless foreign compound ____________________ is equal to the GFR.

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. -distal and collecting tubules

Where is water reabsorption under the control of vasopressin

The clearance rate for inulin is greater than the GFR.

What is the location of the Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption

A rise in ECF K⁺ concentration leads to increased excitability of heart muscle, possibly producing fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

Which statement describes glomerular filtration

____________________ renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; ____________________ renal failure is slow, progressive, and irreversible.

Which of these statements does NOT refer to urea

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

If a substance is filtered and secreted but not reabsorbed, its plasma clearance rate is always less than the GFR.

Tubular secretion involves the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.

Where does tubular secretion of foreign substances such as drugs generally occur

During the micturition reflex, the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated.

Because of autoregulation, changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mmHg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. -filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted

The micturition reflex centre is located in the ____________________ region of the spinal cord.

Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mOsm/litre.

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; renal failure is slow, progressive, and irreversible.