Exam 13: The Urinary System

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question.(Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.permeable b.impermeable The ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______________ to H₂O The descending limb of Henle's loop is ______________ to H₂O The vasa recta is ______________ to salt and ______________ to H₂O The distal and collecting tubules in the absence of vasopressin are ______________ to H₂O The distal and collecting tubules in the presence of vasopressin are ______________ to H₂O

Which of these statements does NOT describe the countercurrent system

Which of these statements does NOT refer to the juxtaglomerular apparatus

If the Tm for substance X is 200 mg/min, ____________________ (how much) of the substance will be reabsorbed at a plasma concentration of 200 mg/100 mL and a GFR of 125 mL/min ____________________ (how much) of substance X will be excreted.

What is the renal process whereby substances are selectively transferred from the peritubular blood into the renal tubule

Autoregulation is important to prevent unintentional shifts in the GFR that could lead to dangerous imbalances of fluid, electrolytes, and wastes.

Which of the following does NOT play a role in Na⁺ reabsorption

Indicate whether the factors in question would ultimately lead to an increase (a.) or a decrease (b.) in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -a reduction in ECF volume

When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation, the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord.Which of these statements does NOT describe the afferent impulses

Which of these statements does NOT describe sodium reabsorption

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -stimulates K⁺ secretion by the distal and collecting tubules

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. -glomerular filtration

ACE inhibitor drugs promote diuresis by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II.

Urine is eliminated from the bladder through the ____________________.

When urine is eliminated from the body, the sphincter muscles in the urethra relax.

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

All of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is normally filtered into Bowman's capsule except for the plasma proteins.

Urea is passively reabsorbed down the osmotic gradient created by active Na⁺ reabsorption.

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. -loop of Henle

Match the renal functions, labelled a. through d., with the correct terms. -tubular reabsorption