Exam 42: Urinary System

The tubes of the nephron are about 3 cm long.

The mechanism of voiding urine begins with the involuntary relaxation of the external sphincter muscle.

Trace the movement of filtrate through the nephron from the afferent arteriole to the collecting duct.

The function of the urinary bladder is to:

What is the first branch of the segmental artery?

An increase in ADH causes a decrease in the osmolarity of urine.

Determine the filtration pressure based on the following values: A. The glomerular hydrostatic pressure is 55 mm Hg. B. The glomerular osmotic pressure is 27 mm Hg. C. The capsular hydrostatic pressure is 18 mm Hg.

Fluid in the nephron would flow through these structures in which order?

The ion pumps in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle can maintain an osmotic difference of 400 mOsm/L across the wall of the tubule.

In the kidney, blood flows from the interlobular artery into the:

The renal artery branches directly from the abdominal aorta.

Blood enters the glomerulus through afferent arterioles.

The urochrome pigments impart a yellowish color to the urine.

The renal corpuscle is another name for the nephron.

The fluid at the top of the ascending limb of the nephron loop is about 100 mOsm/L, which makes it hyperosmotic to most other body fluids.

Most reabsorption occurs in the nephron loop.

Which of the following is not a normal constituent of urine?

The portion of the nephron tubule that is essentially always impermeable to water is the:

Proteinuria can indicate damage in the glomerular-capsular membrane.

The kidney and bladder are the principal organs of the urinary system.