Question 1

Peer acceptance is so important to children and adolescents that these experiences are often far more traumatic than is punitive treatment by parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

By the end of the twentieth century, biological research was demonstrating that about half of the variation in personality traits is due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological factors. 
B)  genetic variation. 
C)  brain differences. 
D)  cultural factors. 
A)  psychological factors. 
B)  genetic variation. 
C)  brain differences. 
D)  cultural factors.

Question 3

Which trait among the Big Five is typically highest in young people but decreases by age 30?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  obsessionality 
C)  psychopathy 
D)  religiosity 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  obsessionality 
C)  psychopathy 
D)  religiosity

Question 4

What is a major criticism of the humanist/existential theories? Which critical thinking guideline is being violated?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 5

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was Rollo May.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Vito is angry when the school bus driver blames Vito for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up. As he gets off the bus, he kicks the bus tire. Freud would say that Vito is unconsciously using the defence mechanism of:

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  displacement. 
C)  projection. 
D)  denial. 
A)  repression. 
B)  displacement. 
C)  projection. 
D)  denial.

Question 7

During a job interview, Dr. Klenow informs the search committee that she is a psychodynamic theorist. Given this information, the committee realizes that Dr. Klenow emphasizes the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the primacy of the first five years is evident in adult personality. 
B)  personality development is smooth and continuous. 
C)  psychologists need to rely on objective rather than subjective methods. 
D)  humans are rational decision makers. 
A)  the primacy of the first five years is evident in adult personality. 
B)  personality development is smooth and continuous. 
C)  psychologists need to rely on objective rather than subjective methods. 
D)  humans are rational decision makers.

Question 8

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in the positive strength of the ego.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

________ occurs if the frustration, conflict, and anxiety associated with a particular stage are not properly resolved.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mental illness 
B)  Fixation 
C)  Regression 
D)  Denial 
A)  Mental illness 
B)  Fixation 
C)  Regression 
D)  Denial

Question 10

The textbook points out that the personality theory involving ________ is dead.

Accepted Answer

A)  four fundamental personality categories based on a person's mixtures of bodily fluids 
B)  factor analysis 
C)  psychoanalysis 
D)  projective tests 
A)  four fundamental personality categories based on a person's mixtures of bodily fluids 
B)  factor analysis 
C)  psychoanalysis 
D)  projective tests

Question 11

According to Freud, personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages. The last stage is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  genital stage. 
B)  latency stage. 
C)  anal stage. 
D)  phallic stage. 
A)  genital stage. 
B)  latency stage. 
C)  anal stage. 
D)  phallic stage.

Question 12

Abraham Maslow suggested that the most important personality traits were the "Big Five."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The Big Five personality traits represent all the traits that make up personality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Research on the Big Five and the aging process supports all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  from 16 to 21 years of age, people are the most neurotic and least conscientious. 
B)  people begin to become less antagonistic and more agreeable around age 30. 
C)  in later adulthood, individuals become more open to new experiences. 
D)  the Big Five are remarkably stable over a lifetime, especially once a person hits 30. 
A)  from 16 to 21 years of age, people are the most neurotic and least conscientious. 
B)  people begin to become less antagonistic and more agreeable around age 30. 
C)  in later adulthood, individuals become more open to new experiences. 
D)  the Big Five are remarkably stable over a lifetime, especially once a person hits 30.

Question 15

Heritability is a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In individualistic cultures, people tend to value relationships over schedules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The first theory of psychodynamic personality was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Carl Jung. 
B)  Abraham Maslow. 
C)  John Watson. 
D)  Sigmund Freud. 
A)  Carl Jung. 
B)  Abraham Maslow. 
C)  John Watson. 
D)  Sigmund Freud.

Question 18

According to Judith Harris, the conformity of children to their peer group is irrational.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following provides evidence supporting the view that parental child-rearing practices are the strongest influence on children's personality development?

Accepted Answer

A)  the child-rearing style a parent uses 
B)  the inconsistency of parental child-rearing style over time 
C)  studies of the effect of the shared environment of the home on children compared to adopted siblings 
D)  none of the above 
A)  the child-rearing style a parent uses 
B)  the inconsistency of parental child-rearing style over time 
C)  studies of the effect of the shared environment of the home on children compared to adopted siblings 
D)  none of the above

Question 20

Critics argue that psychodynamic theories are guilty of three scientific failings. Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  The psychodynamic theories work backward, basing personality development on retrospective accounts. 
B)  The psychodynamic theories violate the principle of falsifiability. 
C)  The psychodynamic theories draw universal principles from the experiences of a few atypical patients. 
D)  The psychodynamic theories state that aspects of personality lie outside our awareness. 
A)  The psychodynamic theories work backward, basing personality development on retrospective accounts. 
B)  The psychodynamic theories violate the principle of falsifiability. 
C)  The psychodynamic theories draw universal principles from the experiences of a few atypical patients. 
D)  The psychodynamic theories state that aspects of personality lie outside our awareness.

Peer acceptance is so important to children and adolescents that these experiences are often far more traumatic than is punitive treatment by parents.

By the end of the twentieth century, biological research was demonstrating that about half of the variation in personality traits is due to:

Which trait among the Big Five is typically highest in young people but decreases by age 30?

What is a major criticism of the humanist/existential theories? Which critical thinking guideline is being violated?

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was Rollo May.

Vito is angry when the school bus driver blames Vito for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up. As he gets off the bus, he kicks the bus tire. Freud would say that Vito is unconsciously using the defence mechanism of:

During a job interview, Dr. Klenow informs the search committee that she is a psychodynamic theorist. Given this information, the committee realizes that Dr. Klenow emphasizes the fact that:

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in the positive strength of the ego.

________ occurs if the frustration, conflict, and anxiety associated with a particular stage are not properly resolved.

The textbook points out that the personality theory involving ________ is dead.

According to Freud, personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages. The last stage is called the:

Abraham Maslow suggested that the most important personality traits were the "Big Five."

The Big Five personality traits represent all the traits that make up personality.

Research on the Big Five and the aging process supports all of the following EXCEPT:

Heritability is a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

In individualistic cultures, people tend to value relationships over schedules.

The first theory of psychodynamic personality was developed by:

According to Judith Harris, the conformity of children to their peer group is irrational.

Which of the following provides evidence supporting the view that parental child-rearing practices are the strongest influence on children's personality development?

Critics argue that psychodynamic theories are guilty of three scientific failings. Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms?

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Peer acceptance is so important to children and adolescents that these experiences are often far more traumatic than is punitive treatment by parents.

By the end of the twentieth century, biological research was demonstrating that about half of the variation in personality traits is due to:

Which trait among the Big Five is typically highest in young people but decreases by age 30?

What is a major criticism of the humanist/existential theories? Which critical thinking guideline is being violated?

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was Rollo May.

Vito is angry when the school bus driver blames Vito for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up. As he gets off the bus, he kicks the bus tire. Freud would say that Vito is unconsciously using the defence mechanism of:

During a job interview, Dr. Klenow informs the search committee that she is a psychodynamic theorist. Given this information, the committee realizes that Dr. Klenow emphasizes the fact that:

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in the positive strength of the ego.

________ occurs if the frustration, conflict, and anxiety associated with a particular stage are not properly resolved.

The textbook points out that the personality theory involving ________ is dead.

According to Freud, personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages. The last stage is called the:

Abraham Maslow suggested that the most important personality traits were the "Big Five."

The Big Five personality traits represent all the traits that make up personality.

Research on the Big Five and the aging process supports all of the following EXCEPT:

Heritability is a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

In individualistic cultures, people tend to value relationships over schedules.

The first theory of psychodynamic personality was developed by:

According to Judith Harris, the conformity of children to their peer group is irrational.

Which of the following provides evidence supporting the view that parental child-rearing practices are the strongest influence on children's personality development?

Critics argue that psychodynamic theories are guilty of three scientific failings. Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms?

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters