Question 1

Anastasia is given a vocational-interest test in November and then retakes the test in January. The psychologist is ________ of the test.

Accepted Answer

A)  standardizing the norms 
B)  measuring the alternate-forms reliability 
C)  establishing the criterion validity 
D)  measuring the test-retest reliability 
A)  standardizing the norms 
B)  measuring the alternate-forms reliability 
C)  establishing the criterion validity 
D)  measuring the test-retest reliability D

Question 2

When Sandee takes a personality test she is told that the resulting score is compared to norms, that is, the test:

Accepted Answer

A)  predicts other criteria of the personality trait in question. 
B)  measures what it is designed to measure. 
C)  produces the same results from one time to the next. 
D)  results are compared to established standards of performance. 
A)  predicts other criteria of the personality trait in question. 
B)  measures what it is designed to measure. 
C)  produces the same results from one time to the next. 
D)  results are compared to established standards of performance. D

Question 3

Control groups are important in experimental studies and in nonexperimental studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

In the experimental condition, subjects are treated exactly as they are in the control condition except that the experimental subjects are exposed to the placebo.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The purpose of a double-blind study is:

Accepted Answer

A)  to eliminate experimenter effects. 
B)  to increase experimental effects. 
C)  to test the effects of a placebo. 
D)  to determine the visual ability of newborn infants. 
A)  to eliminate experimenter effects. 
B)  to increase experimental effects. 
C)  to test the effects of a placebo. 
D)  to determine the visual ability of newborn infants.

Question 6

Subjects are randomly assigned to the experimental or control condition to:

Accepted Answer

A)  make sure the two groups are equivalent. 
B)  eliminate the placebo effect. 
C)  control for experimenter effects. 
D)  control for possible correlations between the independent and dependent variables. 
A)  make sure the two groups are equivalent. 
B)  eliminate the placebo effect. 
C)  control for experimenter effects. 
D)  control for possible correlations between the independent and dependent variables.

Question 7

________ usually generate information about people indirectly; in contrast, ________ gather information by asking people directly about their experiences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Case studies; laboratory experiments 
B)  Surveys; case studies 
C)  Psychological tests; surveys 
D)  Laboratory experiments; psychological tests 
A)  Case studies; laboratory experiments 
B)  Surveys; case studies 
C)  Psychological tests; surveys 
D)  Laboratory experiments; psychological tests

Question 8

Two sets of observations, assessing shoe size and IQ, are compared. Which of the following is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two variables will be uncorrelated. 
B)  The two variables will be negatively correlated. 
C)  The first variable causes the second variable. 
D)  The two variables will be positively correlated. 
A)  The two variables will be uncorrelated. 
B)  The two variables will be negatively correlated. 
C)  The first variable causes the second variable. 
D)  The two variables will be positively correlated.

Question 9

A hypothesis is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Statistics are used for all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  determining the significance of the results. 
B)  describing results. 
C)  generating results. 
D)  determining reliability and meaningfulness of results. 
A)  determining the significance of the results. 
B)  describing results. 
C)  generating results. 
D)  determining reliability and meaningfulness of results.

Question 11

You have developed a personality "inventory" and are ready to administer this new test to a group of participants. Your test would be considered a/an ________ test.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic 
B)  projective 
C)  objective 
D)  subjective 
A)  naturalistic 
B)  projective 
C)  objective 
D)  subjective

Question 12

Match these definitions with the terms they define.
-The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that confirms one's own belief.

Accepted Answer

A) confirmation bias 
B) volunteer bias 
C) placebo 
D) experimenter effects 
E) double-blind study 
A) confirmation bias 
B) volunteer bias 
C) placebo 
D) experimenter effects 
E) double-blind study

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics of the ideal scientist?

Accepted Answer

A)  scepticism 
B)  avoidance of risky predictions 
C)  openness in regard to ideas and research 
D)  precision 
A)  scepticism 
B)  avoidance of risky predictions 
C)  openness in regard to ideas and research 
D)  precision

Question 14

Psychologists measure test-retest reliability by giving the same test twice to the same group of people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Ideally, everything in the experimental situation EXCEPT the ________ is held constant.

Accepted Answer

A)  inferential statistic 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  independent variable 
D)  placebo 
A)  inferential statistic 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  independent variable 
D)  placebo

Question 16

One of the variables in a research study is chocolate. Chocolate:

Accepted Answer

A)  would be an independent variable. 
B)  would be a placebo. 
C)  would be a dependent variable. 
D)  may be either an independent or dependent variable. 
A)  would be an independent variable. 
B)  would be a placebo. 
C)  would be a dependent variable. 
D)  may be either an independent or dependent variable.

Question 17

Increasingly, internet surveys are being utilized as research tools. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of internet surveys.

Accepted Answer

A GOOD ANSWER WILL INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING

Question 18

If the results of research are not significant at the .05 level then the researchers conclude that their hypothesis was not supported.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To guard against misuse of statistics a person should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid use of statistics whenever possible. 
B)  look for the control group. 
C)  be cautious about correlations. 
D)  check to see how terms have been defined. 
A)  avoid use of statistics whenever possible. 
B)  look for the control group. 
C)  be cautious about correlations. 
D)  check to see how terms have been defined.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of scientists?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness 
B)  scepticism 
C)  precision 
D)  humanism 
A)  openness 
B)  scepticism 
C)  precision 
D)  humanism

Anastasia is given a vocational-interest test in November and then retakes the test in January. The psychologist is ________ of the test.

When Sandee takes a personality test she is told that the resulting score is compared to norms, that is, the test:

Control groups are important in experimental studies and in nonexperimental studies.

In the experimental condition, subjects are treated exactly as they are in the control condition except that the experimental subjects are exposed to the placebo.

The purpose of a double-blind study is:

Subjects are randomly assigned to the experimental or control condition to:

usually generate information about people indirectly; in contrast, gather information by asking people directly about their experiences.

Two sets of observations, assessing shoe size and IQ, are compared. Which of the following is the most likely outcome?

A hypothesis is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships.

Statistics are used for all of the following EXCEPT:

You have developed a personality "inventory" and are ready to administer this new test to a group of participants. Your test would be considered a/an ________ test.

Match these definitions with the terms they define. -The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that confirms one's own belief.

Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics of the ideal scientist?

Psychologists measure test-retest reliability by giving the same test twice to the same group of people.

Ideally, everything in the experimental situation EXCEPT the ________ is held constant.

One of the variables in a research study is chocolate. Chocolate:

Increasingly, internet surveys are being utilized as research tools. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of internet surveys.

If the results of research are not significant at the .05 level then the researchers conclude that their hypothesis was not supported.

To guard against misuse of statistics a person should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of scientists?

What Is Psychology

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 2: How Psychologists Do Research

Anastasia is given a vocational-interest test in November and then retakes the test in January. The psychologist is ________ of the test.

When Sandee takes a personality test she is told that the resulting score is compared to norms, that is, the test:

Control groups are important in experimental studies and in nonexperimental studies.

In the experimental condition, subjects are treated exactly as they are in the control condition except that the experimental subjects are exposed to the placebo.

The purpose of a double-blind study is:

Subjects are randomly assigned to the experimental or control condition to:

________ usually generate information about people indirectly; in contrast, ________ gather information by asking people directly about their experiences.

Two sets of observations, assessing shoe size and IQ, are compared. Which of the following is the most likely outcome?

A hypothesis is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships.

Statistics are used for all of the following EXCEPT:

You have developed a personality "inventory" and are ready to administer this new test to a group of participants. Your test would be considered a/an ________ test.

Match these definitions with the terms they define. -The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that confirms one's own belief.

Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics of the ideal scientist?

Psychologists measure test-retest reliability by giving the same test twice to the same group of people.

Ideally, everything in the experimental situation EXCEPT the ________ is held constant.

One of the variables in a research study is chocolate. Chocolate:

Increasingly, internet surveys are being utilized as research tools. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of internet surveys.

If the results of research are not significant at the .05 level then the researchers conclude that their hypothesis was not supported.

To guard against misuse of statistics a person should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of scientists?

What Is Psychology

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

usually generate information about people indirectly; in contrast, gather information by asking people directly about their experiences.