Question 1

A correlation is a numerical measure of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviours of subjects followed and periodically assessed over time. 
B)  strength of the relationship between two variables. 
C)  behaviours of subjects of different ages compared at a given time. 
D)  unintended changes in subjects' behaviour due to cues from the experimenter. 
A)  behaviours of subjects followed and periodically assessed over time. 
B)  strength of the relationship between two variables. 
C)  behaviours of subjects of different ages compared at a given time. 
D)  unintended changes in subjects' behaviour due to cues from the experimenter.

Question 2

On the basis of case study research, psychoanalyst Bruno Bettelheim wrote that autism in children is caused by cold and rejecting mothers. Thousands of women blamed themselves for lacking warmth. The example is described in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrate that nurture is more important than nature in psychological problems such as autism. 
B)  illustrate the importance of motherhood so that other children don't suffer this type of tragedy. 
C)  illustrate that drawing conclusions solely on the basis of case studies can have disastrous results. 
D)  demonstrate that case studies are able to establish causal connections in some clinical cases. 
A)  demonstrate that nurture is more important than nature in psychological problems such as autism. 
B)  illustrate the importance of motherhood so that other children don't suffer this type of tragedy. 
C)  illustrate that drawing conclusions solely on the basis of case studies can have disastrous results. 
D)  demonstrate that case studies are able to establish causal connections in some clinical cases.

Question 3

When Joyce takes a personality test, she is told that the test is reliable, that is, it:

Accepted Answer

A)  predicts other criteria of the personality trait in question. 
B)  compares its results against established standards of performance. 
C)  produces the same results from one time to the next. 
D)  measures what it is designed to measure. 
A)  predicts other criteria of the personality trait in question. 
B)  compares its results against established standards of performance. 
C)  produces the same results from one time to the next. 
D)  measures what it is designed to measure.

Question 4

When a radio talk show host asked listeners to call in their opinions regarding legislation to decriminalize marijuana, the overwhelming response was support for the change. All of the following are likely shortcomings of this survey EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the lack of a representative sample. 
B)  the method of subject recruitment. 
C)  the tendency to lie about touchy subjects. 
D)  the issue of volunteer bias. 
A)  the lack of a representative sample. 
B)  the method of subject recruitment. 
C)  the tendency to lie about touchy subjects. 
D)  the issue of volunteer bias.

Question 5

A statement that attempts to predict or to account for a set of phenomena is called a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis. 
B)  theory. 
C)  operational definition. 
D)  double-blind study. 
A)  hypothesis. 
B)  theory. 
C)  operational definition. 
D)  double-blind study.

Question 6

Science is meant to be a/an ________ activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  elite 
B)  secret 
C)  private 
D)  communal 
A)  elite 
B)  secret 
C)  private 
D)  communal

Question 7

A/An ________ is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena.

Accepted Answer

A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  operational definition 
D)  experiment 
A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  operational definition 
D)  experiment

Question 8

Compare the advantages and the disadvantages of conducting a laboratory observation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of conducting an experiment? Describe a topic that you believe would be most effectively studied by laboratory observation rather than by an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A GOOD ANSWER WILL INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING

Question 9

Case studies are usually only sources of hypotheses, not tests of hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good test?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is believable. 
B)  It is standardized. 
C)  It is valid. 
D)  It is reliable. 
A)  It is believable. 
B)  It is standardized. 
C)  It is valid. 
D)  It is reliable.

Question 11

The variable that an experimenter manipulates is called the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match these descriptions with the appropriate research terms.
-A measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) theory 
B) longitudinal study 
C) hypothesis 
D) correlation 
E) experiment 
A) theory 
B) longitudinal study 
C) hypothesis 
D) correlation 
E) experiment

Question 13

Terms used in hypotheses are given operational definitions, which specify how the phenomena in question are to be observed and measured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Match these definitions with the appropriate statistical term.
-Statistical tests that show how likely it is that a study's results occurred merely by chance.

Accepted Answer

A) inferential statistics 
B) effect size 
C) significance tests 
D) descriptive statistics 
E) meta-analysis 
A) inferential statistics 
B) effect size 
C) significance tests 
D) descriptive statistics 
E) meta-analysis

Question 15

A scientific theory could be thought of as:

Accepted Answer

A)  an established truth. 
B)  an organized system of assumptions. 
C)  a measure of strength between two variables. 
D)  a personal opinion. 
A)  an established truth. 
B)  an organized system of assumptions. 
C)  a measure of strength between two variables. 
D)  a personal opinion.

Question 16

Animals have always been used in psychological studies, and in recent years the number has declined further.
declined further compared to when?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A sample's representativeness is less critical than its size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Rarely does a psychological study have completely straightforward results. Usually there is some possibility that the difference between two groups could be due to chance. Explain how inferential statistics help us determine how statistically meaningful a study's results are.

Accepted Answer

A GOOD ANSWER WILL INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING

Question 19

Violations of the principle of falsifiability are rare in everyday life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Tessa agrees to an evaluation designed to tap her unconscious feelings and motives. Tessa will be given a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  projective test. 
B)  alternate form exam. 
C)  inventory. 
D)  objective test. 
A)  projective test. 
B)  alternate form exam. 
C)  inventory. 
D)  objective test.

A correlation is a numerical measure of the:

On the basis of case study research, psychoanalyst Bruno Bettelheim wrote that autism in children is caused by cold and rejecting mothers. Thousands of women blamed themselves for lacking warmth. The example is described in order to:

When Joyce takes a personality test, she is told that the test is reliable, that is, it:

When a radio talk show host asked listeners to call in their opinions regarding legislation to decriminalize marijuana, the overwhelming response was support for the change. All of the following are likely shortcomings of this survey EXCEPT:

A statement that attempts to predict or to account for a set of phenomena is called a/an:

Science is meant to be a/an ________ activity.

A/An ________ is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena.

Compare the advantages and the disadvantages of conducting a laboratory observation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of conducting an experiment? Describe a topic that you believe would be most effectively studied by laboratory observation rather than by an experiment.

Case studies are usually only sources of hypotheses, not tests of hypotheses.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good test?

The variable that an experimenter manipulates is called the independent variable.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate research terms. -A measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Terms used in hypotheses are given operational definitions, which specify how the phenomena in question are to be observed and measured.

Match these definitions with the appropriate statistical term. -Statistical tests that show how likely it is that a study's results occurred merely by chance.

A scientific theory could be thought of as:

Animals have always been used in psychological studies, and in recent years the number has declined further. declined further compared to when?

A sample's representativeness is less critical than its size.

Rarely does a psychological study have completely straightforward results. Usually there is some possibility that the difference between two groups could be due to chance. Explain how inferential statistics help us determine how statistically meaningful a study's results are.

Violations of the principle of falsifiability are rare in everyday life.

Tessa agrees to an evaluation designed to tap her unconscious feelings and motives. Tessa will be given a/an:

What Is Psychology

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 2: How Psychologists Do Research

A correlation is a numerical measure of the:

On the basis of case study research, psychoanalyst Bruno Bettelheim wrote that autism in children is caused by cold and rejecting mothers. Thousands of women blamed themselves for lacking warmth. The example is described in order to:

When Joyce takes a personality test, she is told that the test is reliable, that is, it:

When a radio talk show host asked listeners to call in their opinions regarding legislation to decriminalize marijuana, the overwhelming response was support for the change. All of the following are likely shortcomings of this survey EXCEPT:

A statement that attempts to predict or to account for a set of phenomena is called a/an:

Science is meant to be a/an ________ activity.

A/An ________ is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena.

Compare the advantages and the disadvantages of conducting a laboratory observation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of conducting an experiment? Describe a topic that you believe would be most effectively studied by laboratory observation rather than by an experiment.

Case studies are usually only sources of hypotheses, not tests of hypotheses.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good test?

The variable that an experimenter manipulates is called the independent variable.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate research terms. -A measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Terms used in hypotheses are given operational definitions, which specify how the phenomena in question are to be observed and measured.

Match these definitions with the appropriate statistical term. -Statistical tests that show how likely it is that a study's results occurred merely by chance.

A scientific theory could be thought of as:

Animals have always been used in psychological studies, and in recent years the number has declined further. declined further compared to when?

A sample's representativeness is less critical than its size.

Rarely does a psychological study have completely straightforward results. Usually there is some possibility that the difference between two groups could be due to chance. Explain how inferential statistics help us determine how statistically meaningful a study's results are.

Violations of the principle of falsifiability are rare in everyday life.

Tessa agrees to an evaluation designed to tap her unconscious feelings and motives. Tessa will be given a/an:

What Is Psychology

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters