Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Neuroticism is one of the Big Five personality traits. Compare the specific qualities of an individual who scores high in neuroticism with the qualities found in an emotionally stable person.

Ariana is five years old. According to Freud, she would be in the psychosexual stage called the:

Americans estimate that their sense of self changes about ________ in different situations, while Japanese estimate that their sense of self changes ________.

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a part of temperament?

The process of reciprocal determinism helps explain the influence of the nonshared environment on personality.

In Freud's structure of personality there are five major systems that influence a person's actions.

Contemporary psychologists recognize that culture is just as powerful an influence on personality as any biological process.

Match the names with concepts related to their theories. -unconditional positive regard

________ is defined as a distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviour, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual throughout life.

Central traits reflect characteristic ways of behaving, dealing with others, and reacting to new situations.

In the 1960s, a group of psychologists argued that it was time for a "third force" in psychology. What were the first two forces that were perceived as inadequate? What alternate perspective would be taken by the "third force" in describing human personality?

In contrast to Freud's emphasis on the Oedipal period, object-relations theorists hold that the ________ of life are the most critical for the inner core of personality.

Researchers are interested in discovering which aspects of personality might have an inherited component. What two research methods are commonly adopted by psychologists who take a biological view of personality in answering this question? Describe the results of each method in detail.

Freud maintained that personality develops in a series of psychosexual stages. Name each of the stages in the order in which it appears and explain how a fixation at each stage might be manifest in an individual's personality.

Mark is angry when the teacher blames him for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up. As he leaves after school, he shoves another boy who gets in his way. Freud would say that Mark is unconsciously using the defence mechanism of:

The two-way interaction between aspects of the environment and aspects of the individual in the shaping of personality traits is called:

Match the names with concepts related to their theories. -central traits and secondary traits

What is personality?

Personality researchers note that an important trait, ________, is not included among the Big Five.

The majority culture in North America is an individualist culture.