Question 1

Match the examples with the appropriate defence mechanisms.
-Deanna doesn't remember the violent rape she experienced last year.

Accepted Answer

A) repression 
B) sublimation 
C) displacement 
D) regression 
E) reaction formation 
A) repression 
B) sublimation 
C) displacement 
D) regression 
E) reaction formation

Question 2

Which component of personality is present at birth and is the reservoir of unconscious psychological energies and the motives to avoid pain and obtain pleasure?

Accepted Answer

A)  the id 
B)  the superego 
C)  the libido 
D)  the ego 
A)  the id 
B)  the superego 
C)  the libido 
D)  the ego

Question 3

After 12 years of attending the same schools, Holly and Amy chose to attend colleges in different states. Holly remembered Amy as a shy but friendly girl who rarely took risks, and so Holly was surprised when her friend sent an email describing the thrill of sky-diving. Holly's surprise occurred because Amy's behaviours didn't match the ________ that Holly had observed in high school.

Accepted Answer

A)  external locus of control 
B)  personality traits 
C)  defence mechanisms 
D)  internal locus of control 
A)  external locus of control 
B)  personality traits 
C)  defence mechanisms 
D)  internal locus of control

Question 4

The Barnum effect occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)  an individualized personality analysis is given but it is written in such vague terms that it could apply to almost everyone. 
B)  parental influence over a child begins to wane as the child is influenced by aspects of nonshared environment. 
C)  an individual's temperament emerges early in life, therefore influencing subsequent personality development. 
D)  a man in a culture of honour becomes angry after a perceived insult and then behaves aggressively to restore his honour. 
A)  an individualized personality analysis is given but it is written in such vague terms that it could apply to almost everyone. 
B)  parental influence over a child begins to wane as the child is influenced by aspects of nonshared environment. 
C)  an individual's temperament emerges early in life, therefore influencing subsequent personality development. 
D)  a man in a culture of honour becomes angry after a perceived insult and then behaves aggressively to restore his honour.

Question 5

The entrenched Western belief is that parental child-rearing practices are the strongest influence, maybe even the sole influence, on children's personality development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is meant by "shared environment"?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the "Big Five" personality factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness vs. antagonism 
B)  extroversion vs. introversion 
C)  conscientiousness vs. impulsiveness 
D)  optimism vs. pessimism 
A)  agreeableness vs. antagonism 
B)  extroversion vs. introversion 
C)  conscientiousness vs. impulsiveness 
D)  optimism vs. pessimism

Question 8

Cross-cultural research has revealed that the most altruistic children come from societies in which:

Accepted Answer

A)  children are expected to spend their time playing rather than working. 
B)  parents encourage children toward individual achievement. 
C)  parents want their children to be leaders and to be self-fulfilled. 
D)  children's work makes a genuine contribution to the well-being of the family. 
A)  children are expected to spend their time playing rather than working. 
B)  parents encourage children toward individual achievement. 
C)  parents want their children to be leaders and to be self-fulfilled. 
D)  children's work makes a genuine contribution to the well-being of the family.

Question 9

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-love or support given to another person with no conditions attached

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocal determinism 
B) unconditional positive regard 
C) existentialism 
D) archetypes 
E) collective unconscious 
A) reciprocal determinism 
B) unconditional positive regard 
C) existentialism 
D) archetypes 
E) collective unconscious

Question 10

Match the names with concepts related to their theories.
-self-actualization

Accepted Answer

A) Jerome Kagan 
B) Rollo May 
C) Carl Jung 
D) Carl Rogers 
E) Abraham Maslow 
A) Jerome Kagan 
B) Rollo May 
C) Carl Jung 
D) Carl Rogers 
E) Abraham Maslow

Question 11

According to object-relations theory, a baby constructs unconscious representations of his or her parents, which will influence the child's relations with others throughout life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Gordon Allport thought of personalities as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a few central traits and a greater number of secondary traits. 
B)  the ways we cope with the struggle to find meaning in existence. 
C)  whether or not a person received unconditional positive regard throughout childhood. 
D)  a gradual progression toward self-actualization. 
A)  a few central traits and a greater number of secondary traits. 
B)  the ways we cope with the struggle to find meaning in existence. 
C)  whether or not a person received unconditional positive regard throughout childhood. 
D)  a gradual progression toward self-actualization.

Question 13

________ occurs when displacement serves a higher cultural or socially useful purpose.

Accepted Answer

A)  Projection 
B)  Sublimation 
C)  Reaction formation 
D)  Regression 
A)  Projection 
B)  Sublimation 
C)  Reaction formation 
D)  Regression

Question 14

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-the part of personality containing inherited psychic energy, particularly sexual and aggressive instincts

Accepted Answer

A) defence mechanism 
B) libido 
C) id 
D) superego 
E) ego 
A) defence mechanism 
B) libido 
C) id 
D) superego 
E) ego

Question 15

Who of the following is NOT one of the leaders of the humanist movement in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rollo May 
B)  Abraham Maslow 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Jerome Kagan 
A)  Rollo May 
B)  Abraham Maslow 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Jerome Kagan

Question 16

Which of the following theories of personality would be most likely to emphasize the freedom of individuals to choose to act in particular ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  humanist 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  behaviourist 
D)  collectivist 
A)  humanist 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  behaviourist 
D)  collectivist

Question 17

The collective unconscious is a legacy of human history containing universal memories, symbols, and images.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

________ is defined as a two-way interaction between aspects of the environment and aspects of the individual in the shaping of personality traits.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social-cognitive interaction 
B)  Parallel interaction 
C)  Nature-nurture theory 
D)  Reciprocal determinism 
A)  Social-cognitive interaction 
B)  Parallel interaction 
C)  Nature-nurture theory 
D)  Reciprocal determinism

Question 19

________ recognized that most people possess five to ten central traits that reflect characteristic ways of thinking and acting.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gordon Allport 
B)  Myers and Briggs 
C)  Carl Jung 
D)  Raymond Cattell 
A)  Gordon Allport 
B)  Myers and Briggs 
C)  Carl Jung 
D)  Raymond Cattell

Question 20

Psychodynamic theorists work backward, creating theories based on themes in adults' recollections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Match the examples with the appropriate defence mechanisms. -Deanna doesn't remember the violent rape she experienced last year.

Which component of personality is present at birth and is the reservoir of unconscious psychological energies and the motives to avoid pain and obtain pleasure?

The Barnum effect occurs when:

The entrenched Western belief is that parental child-rearing practices are the strongest influence, maybe even the sole influence, on children's personality development.

What is meant by "shared environment"?

Which of the following is NOT one of the "Big Five" personality factors?

Cross-cultural research has revealed that the most altruistic children come from societies in which:

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -love or support given to another person with no conditions attached

Match the names with concepts related to their theories. -self-actualization

According to object-relations theory, a baby constructs unconscious representations of his or her parents, which will influence the child's relations with others throughout life.

Gordon Allport thought of personalities as:

________ occurs when displacement serves a higher cultural or socially useful purpose.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -the part of personality containing inherited psychic energy, particularly sexual and aggressive instincts

Who of the following is NOT one of the leaders of the humanist movement in psychology?

Which of the following theories of personality would be most likely to emphasize the freedom of individuals to choose to act in particular ways?

The collective unconscious is a legacy of human history containing universal memories, symbols, and images.

________ is defined as a two-way interaction between aspects of the environment and aspects of the individual in the shaping of personality traits.

________ recognized that most people possess five to ten central traits that reflect characteristic ways of thinking and acting.

Psychodynamic theorists work backward, creating theories based on themes in adults' recollections.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Match the examples with the appropriate defence mechanisms. -Deanna doesn't remember the violent rape she experienced last year.

Which component of personality is present at birth and is the reservoir of unconscious psychological energies and the motives to avoid pain and obtain pleasure?

The Barnum effect occurs when:

The entrenched Western belief is that parental child-rearing practices are the strongest influence, maybe even the sole influence, on children's personality development.

What is meant by "shared environment"?

Which of the following is NOT one of the "Big Five" personality factors?

Cross-cultural research has revealed that the most altruistic children come from societies in which:

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -love or support given to another person with no conditions attached

Match the names with concepts related to their theories. -self-actualization

According to object-relations theory, a baby constructs unconscious representations of his or her parents, which will influence the child's relations with others throughout life.

Gordon Allport thought of personalities as:

________ occurs when displacement serves a higher cultural or socially useful purpose.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -the part of personality containing inherited psychic energy, particularly sexual and aggressive instincts

Who of the following is NOT one of the leaders of the humanist movement in psychology?

Which of the following theories of personality would be most likely to emphasize the freedom of individuals to choose to act in particular ways?

The collective unconscious is a legacy of human history containing universal memories, symbols, and images.

________ is defined as a two-way interaction between aspects of the environment and aspects of the individual in the shaping of personality traits.

________ recognized that most people possess five to ten central traits that reflect characteristic ways of thinking and acting.

Psychodynamic theorists work backward, creating theories based on themes in adults' recollections.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters