Question 1

Temperaments are quite stable over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Briefly describe the ways that your adult personality has been shaped according to Sigmund Freud's theory.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT occur in the phallic stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  penis envy 
B)  the emergence of the superego 
C)  Oedipus complex 
D)  the emergence of the ego 
A)  penis envy 
B)  the emergence of the superego 
C)  Oedipus complex 
D)  the emergence of the ego

Question 4

It was over a century ago that Sigmund Freud published his theory. How has his work stood the test of time? How is psychoanalytic theory regarded by psychologists and other scholars of the twenty-first century? Incorporate Freud's therapeutic interaction with his 18-year-old patient, Dora, into your essay.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 5

Psychologists who take a biological perspective would be likely to study personality in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  heritability studies with infants. 
B)  studies of temperament in infants. 
C)  factor analysis of young children's traits. 
D)  heritability studies with young children. 
A)  heritability studies with infants. 
B)  studies of temperament in infants. 
C)  factor analysis of young children's traits. 
D)  heritability studies with young children.

Question 6

Most parents have a single child-rearing style that they use consistently with all their children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

________ describes the extent to which people are anxious and impulsive.

Accepted Answer

A)  Agreeableness vs. antagonism 
B)  Openness to experience vs. resistance to new experience 
C)  Extroversion vs. introversion 
D)  Neuroticism vs. emotional stability 
A)  Agreeableness vs. antagonism 
B)  Openness to experience vs. resistance to new experience 
C)  Extroversion vs. introversion 
D)  Neuroticism vs. emotional stability

Question 8

Carl Rogers maintained that to become fully functioning, a person needs to receive unconditional positive regard.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

For Carl Rogers, our personalities reflect:

Accepted Answer

A)  whether or not a person received unconditional positive regard throughout childhood. 
B)  the ways we cope with the struggle to find meaning in existence. 
C)  a few central traits and a greater number of secondary traits. 
D)  a gradual progression toward self-actualization. 
A)  whether or not a person received unconditional positive regard throughout childhood. 
B)  the ways we cope with the struggle to find meaning in existence. 
C)  a few central traits and a greater number of secondary traits. 
D)  a gradual progression toward self-actualization.

Question 10

Kaylee is 28 months old. According to Freud, she would be in the psychosexual stage called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  anal stage. 
B)  oral stage. 
C)  phallic stage. 
D)  latency stage. 
A)  anal stage. 
B)  oral stage. 
C)  phallic stage. 
D)  latency stage.

Question 11

A behavioural-genetics researcher is likely to state that "Genes are everything."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to Freud, the major developmental issue of the ________ stage is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  genital; weaning 
B)  oral; the Oedipus Complex 
C)  phallic; breast-feeding 
D)  anal; toilet training 
A)  genital; weaning 
B)  oral; the Oedipus Complex 
C)  phallic; breast-feeding 
D)  anal; toilet training

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding the Big Five is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some researchers believe that the five factors can be reduced to three factors. 
B)  Some researchers argue that important dimensions, such as religiosity, are missing. 
C)  The Big Five best explain personality differences among people primarily in Western cultures. 
D)  The Big Five do seem to lie at the core of personality variations among healthy individuals. 
A)  Some researchers believe that the five factors can be reduced to three factors. 
B)  Some researchers argue that important dimensions, such as religiosity, are missing. 
C)  The Big Five best explain personality differences among people primarily in Western cultures. 
D)  The Big Five do seem to lie at the core of personality variations among healthy individuals.

Question 14

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-a philosophic approach that emphasizes the inevitable dilemmas and challenges of human existence

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocal determinism 
B) unconditional positive regard 
C) existentialism 
D) archetypes 
E) collective unconscious 
A) reciprocal determinism 
B) unconditional positive regard 
C) existentialism 
D) archetypes 
E) collective unconscious

Question 15

Match the examples with the appropriate defence mechanisms.
-Dana, who actually hates blacks, works in a preschool for disadvantaged minorities. She says that she wants to help them to be better prepared for school.

Accepted Answer

A) repression 
B) sublimation 
C) displacement 
D) regression 
E) reaction formation 
A) repression 
B) sublimation 
C) displacement 
D) regression 
E) reaction formation

Question 16

A psychologist identifies herself as a psychodynamic personality theorist. She is most likely to believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  one's personality is an expression of one's past reinforcement history. 
B)  genetic predispositions are the key to understanding one's inherited personality. 
C)  one's personality is shaped by both the environment and one's temperamental traits. 
D)  inner forces shape personality and motivate behaviour. 
A)  one's personality is an expression of one's past reinforcement history. 
B)  genetic predispositions are the key to understanding one's inherited personality. 
C)  one's personality is shaped by both the environment and one's temperamental traits. 
D)  inner forces shape personality and motivate behaviour.

Question 17

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-universal, symbolic images that appear in myths, art, stories, and dreams

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocal determinism 
B) unconditional positive regard 
C) existentialism 
D) archetypes 
E) collective unconscious 
A) reciprocal determinism 
B) unconditional positive regard 
C) existentialism 
D) archetypes 
E) collective unconscious

Question 18

Psychoanalyst Karen Horney modified Freud's theories in areas that she felt were bad science and insulting philosophy. Explain the modifications that she made in her psychodynamic theory.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 19

Secondary traits reflect characteristic ways of behaving, dealing with others, and reacting to new situations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

There may be little relation between what parents do in childrearing and the way that children eventually turn out.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Temperaments are quite stable over time.

Briefly describe the ways that your adult personality has been shaped according to Sigmund Freud's theory.

Which of the following does NOT occur in the phallic stage?

Psychologists who take a biological perspective would be likely to study personality in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

Most parents have a single child-rearing style that they use consistently with all their children.

________ describes the extent to which people are anxious and impulsive.

Carl Rogers maintained that to become fully functioning, a person needs to receive unconditional positive regard.

For Carl Rogers, our personalities reflect:

Kaylee is 28 months old. According to Freud, she would be in the psychosexual stage called the:

A behavioural-genetics researcher is likely to state that "Genes are everything."

According to Freud, the major developmental issue of the stage is .

Which of the following statements regarding the Big Five is NOT true?

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -a philosophic approach that emphasizes the inevitable dilemmas and challenges of human existence

Match the examples with the appropriate defence mechanisms. -Dana, who actually hates blacks, works in a preschool for disadvantaged minorities. She says that she wants to help them to be better prepared for school.

A psychologist identifies herself as a psychodynamic personality theorist. She is most likely to believe that:

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -universal, symbolic images that appear in myths, art, stories, and dreams

Psychoanalyst Karen Horney modified Freud's theories in areas that she felt were bad science and insulting philosophy. Explain the modifications that she made in her psychodynamic theory.

Secondary traits reflect characteristic ways of behaving, dealing with others, and reacting to new situations.

There may be little relation between what parents do in childrearing and the way that children eventually turn out.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Temperaments are quite stable over time.

Briefly describe the ways that your adult personality has been shaped according to Sigmund Freud's theory.

Which of the following does NOT occur in the phallic stage?

Psychologists who take a biological perspective would be likely to study personality in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

Most parents have a single child-rearing style that they use consistently with all their children.

________ describes the extent to which people are anxious and impulsive.

Carl Rogers maintained that to become fully functioning, a person needs to receive unconditional positive regard.

For Carl Rogers, our personalities reflect:

Kaylee is 28 months old. According to Freud, she would be in the psychosexual stage called the:

A behavioural-genetics researcher is likely to state that "Genes are everything."

According to Freud, the major developmental issue of the ________ stage is ________.

Which of the following statements regarding the Big Five is NOT true?

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -a philosophic approach that emphasizes the inevitable dilemmas and challenges of human existence

Match the examples with the appropriate defence mechanisms. -Dana, who actually hates blacks, works in a preschool for disadvantaged minorities. She says that she wants to help them to be better prepared for school.

A psychologist identifies herself as a psychodynamic personality theorist. She is most likely to believe that:

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -universal, symbolic images that appear in myths, art, stories, and dreams

Psychoanalyst Karen Horney modified Freud's theories in areas that she felt were bad science and insulting philosophy. Explain the modifications that she made in her psychodynamic theory.

Secondary traits reflect characteristic ways of behaving, dealing with others, and reacting to new situations.

There may be little relation between what parents do in childrearing and the way that children eventually turn out.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

According to Freud, the major developmental issue of the stage is .