Exam 17: Diseases of the Endocrine System

Define polycystic ovarian syndrome and list the common characteristics.

The pituitary gland is located in the bony cavity at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus.

Individuals using conventional therapy to treat diabetes mellitus must synchronize administration of their insulin and food intake to avoid _______________.

What ethnic group is affected most by diabetes in the U.S.?​

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developing countries?​

_______________ syndrome, also called hypercortisolism, is a rare disorder caused by chronic exposure to excessive circulating cortisol.

What category of nutrient has the biggest impact on glycemic response?​

What percentage of the U.S. population has been diagnosed with diabetes?

A primary cause of fasting hypoglycemia is hyperinsulinism due to pancreatic _______________.

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is _______________, which accounts for approximately 60-80% of cases.

Describe the endocrine cells of the pancreas.

Reactive hypoglycemia may occur in individuals with diabetes due to administration of insufficient insulin or oral diabetes medications.

Insulin is a catabolic hormone that controls the metabolic fate of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid.

_______________ hypoglycemia usually results from excess insulin or insulin-like substances that are secreted as a result of external factors such as alcohol or drug ingestion.

Type 2 diabetes occurs most frequently in:​

The anabolic effect of insulin on protein metabolism produces a positive _______________ balance.

Symptoms of hypothyroidism are generally quite significant and severe.

What hormone stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth and promotes ejection of milk from mammary glands during breastfeeding?​

_______________ control is fundamental to the management of diabetes and provides the basis for monitoring and evaluation of the condition.

List the four categories of hormones based on function.