Exam 9: How Genes Work

Which of the following codons does NOT code for an amino acid?

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -Fewer tRNA molecules are produced.

A human gene put into a plant cell will

A tRNA with the anticodon GGG would have the amino acid ________ bound to it.

As transcription begins, RNA polymerase binds to a segment of a gene called a(n)

During transcription,

DNA viruses cause disease when the host cell uses the viral DNA to produce more viruses. The host cell uses the viral DNA to make viral proteins as well as more viral DNA; these are then used to produce more viruses and cause disease. In a eukaryotic cell, the viral DNA is often inserted into the host genome. Explain why viral DNA that stays in the cytoplasm would not cause disease.

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the genetic code?

A gene in a region of DNA that is wound more tightly around proteins in the nucleus will be

Which of the following does NOT take place in the nucleus?

What makes liver cells different from heart cells of the same organism?

Organisms can regulate both transcription and translation to control gene expression. What is one advantage and one disadvantage of regulating transcription rather than translation?

The information in a gene is encoded by the

Which molecules are involved in translation?

Use the following chart to determine the chain of amino acids that would be produced by the entire sequence UGUACGAUAGGCUAG.

If a strand of DNA has the sequence CGTAA, the RNA made from this molecule will have the sequence

Bacteria and humans use the same DNA components, and both kinds of cells also perform transcription and translation. Which of the following choices is a potentially significant outcome of this shared mechanism?

The genetic code is ________, which means that all cells use the same code.

A protein that binds to the________ down-regulates protein production by inhibiting the binding of RNA polymerase.

Bacteria do not have a nucleus, and therefore do not use RNA splicing after translation. The initial mRNA that is produced is translated directly. An experiment transforms a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell with an identical gene (of identical length). Explain how the proteins from each cell would differ.