Exam 9: How Genes Work

Which of the following is a codon?

In humans the tRNA with the anticodon AAU carries the amino acid leucine. In plants, this tRNA

Consider a build-at-home bookshelf that comes with instructions and various pieces of wood as an analogy for translation. In this analogy, what would best match the job of the ribosome?

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -Fewer RNA polymerase enzymes are produced.

A researcher finds a molecule that is made of nucleotides and has a single amino acid bound to one end. This molecule is most likely ________.

Following transcription, the

In humans, the herbicide atrazine helps RNA polymerase bind to the promoter of the gene for the enzyme aromatase. As a result,

Gene regulation is the ability to

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -RNA polymerase binds to the promoter more easily.

Which RNA molecule brings new amino acids to the growing protein chain in translation?

The process of using an RNA template to make proteins is called ________.

The order of the bases in DNA determines the order of the

Which of the following codons codes for the same amino acid as the codon AGU?

Each set of three bases in an mRNA molecule codes for one of 20 specific

A mutation that changes the anticodon of a tRNA is generally much more detrimental to a cell than a mutation that changes the codon of an mRNA. Explain why this might be the case.

A silent mutation is a mutation where a DNA nucleotide has changed, but the resulting protein is identical to the protein produced before the mutation. Explain why such a mutation is possible.

The importance of tRNA is that it

In the genetic code, a codon is

The key enzyme used during transcription is

In bacteria, a particular gene codes for a protein that helps the bacteria break down and use lactose as a food source. If no lactose is present,