Question 1

Match each term with its definition.
-the amount of blood pumped out of the heart during one contraction

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac output (CO) 
B) heart rate (HR) 
C) end-diastolic volume (EDV) 
D) stroke volume (SV) 
E) end-systolic volume (ESV) 
A) cardiac output (CO) 
B) heart rate (HR) 
C) end-diastolic volume (EDV) 
D) stroke volume (SV) 
E) end-systolic volume (ESV)

Question 2

At an intercalated disc,

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell membranes of two cardiac muscle fibers are completely separated by a synapse. 
B)  the myofibrils are loosely attached to the membrane of the disc. 
C)  two cardiac muscle cells are connected by gap junctions. 
D)  t-tubules unite the membranes of the adjoining cells. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  the cell membranes of two cardiac muscle fibers are completely separated by a synapse. 
B)  the myofibrils are loosely attached to the membrane of the disc. 
C)  two cardiac muscle cells are connected by gap junctions. 
D)  t-tubules unite the membranes of the adjoining cells. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 3

As blood vessel length increases,

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance increases only. 
B)  flow decreases only. 
C)  friction decreases only. 
D)  resistance increases and flow decreases. 
E)  both resistance and flow increase. 
A)  resistance increases only. 
B)  flow decreases only. 
C)  friction decreases only. 
D)  resistance increases and flow decreases. 
E)  both resistance and flow increase.

Question 4

During the plateau phase of the action potentials of myocardial contractile cells, which ion(s)is/are crossing the membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca²⁺ only 
B)  K⁺ only 
C)  Na⁺ only 
D)  both Ca²⁺ and K⁺ 
E)  both Na⁺ and K⁺ 
A)  Ca²⁺ only 
B)  K⁺ only 
C)  Na⁺ only 
D)  both Ca²⁺ and K⁺ 
E)  both Na⁺ and K⁺

Question 5

Myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously because they have

Accepted Answer

A)  unstable ion channels. 
B)  permanently open channels for Na⁺ and K⁺. 
C)  a net influx of Na⁺. 
D)  L-type Ca²⁺ channels. 
E)  prolonged Ca²⁺ influx. 
A)  unstable ion channels. 
B)  permanently open channels for Na⁺ and K⁺. 
C)  a net influx of Na⁺. 
D)  L-type Ca²⁺ channels. 
E)  prolonged Ca²⁺ influx.

Question 6

When a quantity is expressed as "4 cm/sec," what is being described is the

Accepted Answer

A)  flow rate. 
B)  velocity of flow. 
C)  pressure. 
D)  pressure gradient. 
E)  volume. 
A)  flow rate. 
B)  velocity of flow. 
C)  pressure. 
D)  pressure gradient. 
E)  volume.

Question 7

The QRS complex of an ECG corresponds to

Accepted Answer

A)  the depolarization of the atria. 
B)  the progressive wave of ventricular depolarization. 
C)  the repolarization of the ventricles. 
D)  atrial repolarization. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  the depolarization of the atria. 
B)  the progressive wave of ventricular depolarization. 
C)  the repolarization of the ventricles. 
D)  atrial repolarization. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 8

The rule that states "Within limits, the heart pumps all of the blood that returns to it" is known as the ________.

Accepted Answer

Frank-Star

Question 9

The resting membrane potential is ________ for skeletal muscle and ________ for contractile myocardium.It is ________ for autorhythmic myocardium.

Accepted Answer

-70 mV, - 90 mV, an

Question 10

Which event happens at the start of a cardiac cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood is ejected from the atrium. 
B)  The SA node fires. 
C)  The P wave develops. 
D)  Ventricular systole occurs. 
E)  Atrial systole occurs. 
A)  Blood is ejected from the atrium. 
B)  The SA node fires. 
C)  The P wave develops. 
D)  Ventricular systole occurs. 
E)  Atrial systole occurs.

Question 11

Cell junctions in contractile cells are called ________, which consist of two components: ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

intercalat

Question 12

Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue EXCEPT one.Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased blood volume 
B)  decreased vessel diameter 
C)  increased blood pressure 
D)  decreased peripheral resistance 
E)  relaxation of precapillary sphincters 
A)  increased blood volume 
B)  decreased vessel diameter 
C)  increased blood pressure 
D)  decreased peripheral resistance 
E)  relaxation of precapillary sphincters

Question 13

The medical term for heart attack is

Accepted Answer

A)  heart failure. 
B)  myocardial infarction. 
C)  heart murmur. 
D)  fibrillation. 
E)  heart block. 
A)  heart failure. 
B)  myocardial infarction. 
C)  heart murmur. 
D)  fibrillation. 
E)  heart block.

Question 14

The ________ is a wall that separates the two sides of the heart.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is a wall that separates...

Question 15

If a myocardial infarction results in the formation of scar tissue along the pathway of the left bundle branch,

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac arrhythmias may occur. 
B)  blood flow to the lungs will decrease. 
C)  the ventricle will contract more forcefully. 
D)  conduction through the left ventricle would remain normal. 
E)  the right ventricle will fail to contract. 
A)  cardiac arrhythmias may occur. 
B)  blood flow to the lungs will decrease. 
C)  the ventricle will contract more forcefully. 
D)  conduction through the left ventricle would remain normal. 
E)  the right ventricle will fail to contract.

Question 16

Diagram at least seven different factors that affect the components of the equation that relates cardiac output to heart rate and stroke volume.Explain each factor involved.

Accepted Answer

See Figure

Question 17

Match each term with its definition.
-the amount of blood left in the ventricle after it contracts

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac output (CO) 
B) heart rate (HR) 
C) end-diastolic volume (EDV) 
D) stroke volume (SV) 
E) end-systolic volume (ESV) 
A) cardiac output (CO) 
B) heart rate (HR) 
C) end-diastolic volume (EDV) 
D) stroke volume (SV) 
E) end-systolic volume (ESV)

Question 18

In the 16th century, William Harvey discovered evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)  the cardiovascular system transports blood and air. 
B)  the cardiovascular system is an open system. 
C)  arteries and veins are linked by capillaries. 
D)  blood is recirculated instead of consumed. 
E)  the liver manufactures blood. 
A)  the cardiovascular system transports blood and air. 
B)  the cardiovascular system is an open system. 
C)  arteries and veins are linked by capillaries. 
D)  blood is recirculated instead of consumed. 
E)  the liver manufactures blood.

Question 19

The ________ directs blood from the ________ of the heart to the lungs.Backflow of blood to the heart is prevented by ________.Blood from the lungs returns to the heart via ________.

Accepted Answer

pulmonary trunk, rig

Question 20

The rising phase of the action potential is a result of ________ for skeletal muscle, ________ for contractile myocardium, and ________ for autorhythmic myocardium.

Accepted Answer

Na⁺ entry,

Exam 14: Cardiovascular Physiology

Match each term with its definition. -the amount of blood pumped out of the heart during one contraction

At an intercalated disc,

As blood vessel length increases,

During the plateau phase of the action potentials of myocardial contractile cells, which ion(s)is/are crossing the membrane?

Myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously because they have

When a quantity is expressed as "4 cm/sec," what is being described is the

The QRS complex of an ECG corresponds to

The rule that states "Within limits, the heart pumps all of the blood that returns to it" is known as the ________.

The resting membrane potential is ________ for skeletal muscle and ________ for contractile myocardium.It is ________ for autorhythmic myocardium.

Which event happens at the start of a cardiac cycle?

Cell junctions in contractile cells are called ________, which consist of two components: ________ and ________.

Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue EXCEPT one.Identify the exception.

The medical term for heart attack is

The ________ is a wall that separates the two sides of the heart.

If a myocardial infarction results in the formation of scar tissue along the pathway of the left bundle branch,

Diagram at least seven different factors that affect the components of the equation that relates cardiac output to heart rate and stroke volume.Explain each factor involved.

Match each term with its definition. -the amount of blood left in the ventricle after it contracts

In the 16th century, William Harvey discovered evidence that

The ________ directs blood from the ________ of the heart to the lungs.Backflow of blood to the heart is prevented by ________.Blood from the lungs returns to the heart via ________.

The rising phase of the action potential is a result of ________ for skeletal muscle, ________ for contractile myocardium, and ________ for autorhythmic myocardium.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The resting membrane potential is for skeletal muscle and for contractile myocardium.It is for autorhythmic myocardium.

Cell junctions in contractile cells are called , which consist of two components: and .

The directs blood from the of the heart to the lungs.Backflow of blood to the heart is prevented by .Blood from the lungs returns to the heart via .

The rising phase of the action potential is a result of for skeletal muscle, for contractile myocardium, and for autorhythmic myocardium.