Question 1

When the heart is in fibrillation,

Accepted Answer

A)  the myocardial cells may become damaged from contracting too fast. 
B)  the myocardial cells deplete their oxygen supply because they are contracting too fast, and the lactic acid produced damages the myocardial cells. 
C)  effective pumping of the ventricles ceases because the myocardial cells fail to work as a team, and the brain cannot get adequate oxygen. 
D)  the myocardial cells are contracting together as they should; fibrillation indicates a normal sinus rhythm of 75 beats per minute. 
E)  there is no contraction of the myocardium. 
A)  the myocardial cells may become damaged from contracting too fast. 
B)  the myocardial cells deplete their oxygen supply because they are contracting too fast, and the lactic acid produced damages the myocardial cells. 
C)  effective pumping of the ventricles ceases because the myocardial cells fail to work as a team, and the brain cannot get adequate oxygen. 
D)  the myocardial cells are contracting together as they should; fibrillation indicates a normal sinus rhythm of 75 beats per minute. 
E)  there is no contraction of the myocardium.

Question 2

Acetylcholine is excitatory at the neuromuscular junction, but inhibitory at the SA node.Explain why this is True.

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine receptors in heart muscle

Question 3

Veins are said to carry deoxygenated blood.Does this mean that there is no oxygen in venous blood? Explain your answer.Are there veins that carry highly oxygenated blood? Again, explain your answer.What color is most venous blood compared to most arterial blood?

Accepted Answer

Venous blood has some oxygen, but usuall

Question 4

According to Starling's law of the heart, the cardiac output is directly related to the

Accepted Answer

A)  size of the ventricle. 
B)  heart rate. 
C)  venous return. 
D)  thickness of the myocardium. 
E)  end-systolic volume. 
A)  size of the ventricle. 
B)  heart rate. 
C)  venous return. 
D)  thickness of the myocardium. 
E)  end-systolic volume.

Question 5

List the four types of autorhythmic cells that drive the heartbeat.Draw a sketch of the heart and indicate the location of each type of cell.

Accepted Answer

The four areas for the autorhy

Question 6

The term myogenic indicates that the heart muscle is the source of

Accepted Answer

A)  the contractile force for pumping. 
B)  a hormone that indirectly regulates blood volume. 
C)  the electrical signal that triggers heart contraction. 
D)  receptors that trigger blood pressure reflexes. 
E)  stem cells that repair damaged heart tissue. 
A)  the contractile force for pumping. 
B)  a hormone that indirectly regulates blood volume. 
C)  the electrical signal that triggers heart contraction. 
D)  receptors that trigger blood pressure reflexes. 
E)  stem cells that repair damaged heart tissue.

Question 7

Explain what is meant by the contractility of the heart.How is contractility controlled?

Accepted Answer

Contractility is the intrinsic ability o

Question 8

How many liters of blood are distributed between the pulmonary and systemic circuits in a "typical" person? Assume 20% of the blood is in the lungs at any moment.If the cardiac output is 5 L/min, how long will it take a drop of blood to flow from the right ventricle to the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

There are about 5 liters of bl

Question 9

In which situation would the stroke volume be the greatest?

Accepted Answer

A)  when venous return is increased 
B)  when venous return is decreased 
C)  when the force of contraction is decreased 
D)  when the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume is small 
E)  when calcium channel blockers are present 
A)  when venous return is increased 
B)  when venous return is decreased 
C)  when the force of contraction is decreased 
D)  when the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume is small 
E)  when calcium channel blockers are present

Question 10

As a result of the long refractory period, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  tonus. 
B)  treppe. 
C)  tetany. 
D)  recruitment. 
E)  fatigue. 
A)  tonus. 
B)  treppe. 
C)  tetany. 
D)  recruitment. 
E)  fatigue.

Question 11

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle...

Question 12

Match the name of the wave with the correlated event.
-ventricular depolarization

Accepted Answer

A) P wave 
B) QRS complex 
C) T wave 
D) PR segment 
E) ST segment 
A) P wave 
B) QRS complex 
C) T wave 
D) PR segment 
E) ST segment

Question 13

The ________ circuit carries blood to and from the alveoli of the lungs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ circuit carries blood to and...

Question 14

Put these phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order.
1)opening of the semilunar valves
2)isovolumic contraction
3)beginning of atrial systole
4)closure of the AV valves
5)completion of ventricular filling
6)beginning of ventricular systole
7)ventricular relaxation
8)ventricular ejection

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 5, 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6 
B)  3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 8, 7 
C)  3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 8, 7 
D)  3, 5, 6, 1, 8, 4, 2, 7 
E)  3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 7, 1 
A)  4, 5, 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6 
B)  3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 8, 7 
C)  3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 8, 7 
D)  3, 5, 6, 1, 8, 4, 2, 7 
E)  3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 7, 1

Question 15

Match the following terms to the correct answer:
-also called the mitral valve

Accepted Answer

A) tricuspid valve 
B) bicuspid valve 
C) aortic valve 
D) pulmonary valve 
A) tricuspid valve 
B) bicuspid valve 
C) aortic valve 
D) pulmonary valve

Question 16

Under which set of circumstances would the diameter of peripheral blood vessels be the greatest?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased sympathetic stimulation 
B)  decreased sympathetic stimulation 
C)  increased parasympathetic stimulation 
D)  decreased parasympathetic stimulation 
E)  both increased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic stimulation 
A)  increased sympathetic stimulation 
B)  decreased sympathetic stimulation 
C)  increased parasympathetic stimulation 
D)  decreased parasympathetic stimulation 
E)  both increased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic stimulation

Question 17

If the EDV is 140 mL, which other values are most likely to occur in a healthy, normal person?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ESV could be 70 mL and the SV could be 90 mL. 
B)  The ESV could be 90 mL and the SV could be 50 mL. 
C)  The ESV could be 50 mL and the SV could be 90 mL. 
D)  The cardiac output could be 90 mL. 
E)  Diastolic pressure would be equal to EDV. 
A)  The ESV could be 70 mL and the SV could be 90 mL. 
B)  The ESV could be 90 mL and the SV could be 50 mL. 
C)  The ESV could be 50 mL and the SV could be 90 mL. 
D)  The cardiac output could be 90 mL. 
E)  Diastolic pressure would be equal to EDV.

Question 18

Ventricular contraction

Accepted Answer

A)  begins during the first part of the P wave. 
B)  begins just after the T wave. 
C)  begins just after the Q wave. 
D)  begins during the latter part of the P wave. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  begins during the first part of the P wave. 
B)  begins just after the T wave. 
C)  begins just after the Q wave. 
D)  begins during the latter part of the P wave. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 19

The most accurate definition of artery is a vessel that

Accepted Answer

A)  carries highly oxygenated blood. 
B)  contains smooth muscle in its wall. 
C)  transports blood away from the heart. 
D)  transports blood toward the heart. 
E)  contains internal valves. 
A)  carries highly oxygenated blood. 
B)  contains smooth muscle in its wall. 
C)  transports blood away from the heart. 
D)  transports blood toward the heart. 
E)  contains internal valves.

Question 20

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
-When a blood vessel dilates, blood viscosity is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped 
A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped

Exam 14: Cardiovascular Physiology

When the heart is in fibrillation,

Acetylcholine is excitatory at the neuromuscular junction, but inhibitory at the SA node.Explain why this is True.

Veins are said to carry deoxygenated blood.Does this mean that there is no oxygen in venous blood? Explain your answer.Are there veins that carry highly oxygenated blood? Again, explain your answer.What color is most venous blood compared to most arterial blood?

According to Starling's law of the heart, the cardiac output is directly related to the

List the four types of autorhythmic cells that drive the heartbeat.Draw a sketch of the heart and indicate the location of each type of cell.

The term myogenic indicates that the heart muscle is the source of

Explain what is meant by the contractility of the heart.How is contractility controlled?

How many liters of blood are distributed between the pulmonary and systemic circuits in a "typical" person? Assume 20% of the blood is in the lungs at any moment.If the cardiac output is 5 L/min, how long will it take a drop of blood to flow from the right ventricle to the left ventricle?

In which situation would the stroke volume be the greatest?

As a result of the long refractory period, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is termed ________.

Match the name of the wave with the correlated event. -ventricular depolarization

The ________ circuit carries blood to and from the alveoli of the lungs.

Put these phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order. 1)opening of the semilunar valves 2)isovolumic contraction 3)beginning of atrial systole 4)closure of the AV valves 5)completion of ventricular filling 6)beginning of ventricular systole 7)ventricular relaxation 8)ventricular ejection

Match the following terms to the correct answer: -also called the mitral valve

Under which set of circumstances would the diameter of peripheral blood vessels be the greatest?

If the EDV is 140 mL, which other values are most likely to occur in a healthy, normal person?

Ventricular contraction

The most accurate definition of artery is a vessel that

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -When a blood vessel dilates, blood viscosity is ________.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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