Question 1

The substance produced by the lungs to reduce surface tension is called ________.

Accepted Answer

surfactant

Question 2

Surfactant

Accepted Answer

A)  protects the surface of the lungs. 
B)  phagocytizes small particulate matter. 
C)  replaces mucus in the alveoli. 
D)  helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing. 
E)  is not found in healthy lung tissue. 
A)  protects the surface of the lungs. 
B)  phagocytizes small particulate matter. 
C)  replaces mucus in the alveoli. 
D)  helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing. 
E)  is not found in healthy lung tissue. D

Question 3

The ________ consist of light, spongy tissue whose volume is occupied mostly by air-filled spaces.

Accepted Answer

lungs

Question 4

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-cessation of breathing

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea 
A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea

Question 5

Cindy is taking 14 breaths per minute.Her vital capacity is 3000 mL, her total lung capacity is 4000 mL, and her tidal volume is 450 mL per breath.Calculate the following:
A.Cindy's total pulmonary ventilation (minute volume)
B.Cindy's alveolar ventilation rate

Accepted Answer

A.14 breaths/min × 450 mL/brea

Question 6

Flow of air

Accepted Answer

A)  is directly proportional to a pressure gradient, and flow decreases as the resistance of the system increases. 
B)  is directly proportional to the resistance, and flow decreases as the pressure of the system increases. 
C)  is directly proportional to a pressure gradient, and flow increases as the resistance of the system increases. 
D)  is directly proportional to the resistance, and flow increases as the resistance of the system increases. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  is directly proportional to a pressure gradient, and flow decreases as the resistance of the system increases. 
B)  is directly proportional to the resistance, and flow decreases as the pressure of the system increases. 
C)  is directly proportional to a pressure gradient, and flow increases as the resistance of the system increases. 
D)  is directly proportional to the resistance, and flow increases as the resistance of the system increases. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

Match the lung capacity with its description.
-the amount of air inhaled during an active (forced)inspiration

Accepted Answer

A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity 
A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity

Question 8

The volume of air that can be forcefully expelled from the lungs following a normal exhalation is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

expiratory

Question 9

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses).
-Bronchioles and systemic arterioles dilate.

Accepted Answer

A) PO₂ increases. 
B) PCO₂ increases. 
C) PO₂ decreases. 
D) PCO₂ decreases. 
A) PO₂ increases. 
B) PCO₂ increases. 
C) PO₂ decreases. 
D) PCO₂ decreases.

Question 10

Histamine's primary role in the respiratory system is as a

Accepted Answer

A)  surfactant. 
B)  bronchodilator. 
C)  bronchoconstrictor. 
D)  vasodilator. 
E)  vasoconstrictor. 
A)  surfactant. 
B)  bronchodilator. 
C)  bronchoconstrictor. 
D)  vasodilator. 
E)  vasoconstrictor.

Question 11

Active expiration is produced by contraction of

Accepted Answer

A)  abdominal muscles only. 
B)  diaphragm only. 
C)  internal intercostals only. 
D)  external intercostals only. 
E)  abdominal muscles and internal intercostals. 
A)  abdominal muscles only. 
B)  diaphragm only. 
C)  internal intercostals only. 
D)  external intercostals only. 
E)  abdominal muscles and internal intercostals.

Question 12

What is Dalton's law? Why is it important?

Accepted Answer

Dalton's law states that the total air p

Question 13

Match the lung volume with its description.
-the amount of air taken in during a single normal inspiration

Accepted Answer

A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume 
A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume

Question 14

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses).
-Arterioles: systemic constrict, pulmonary dilate.

Accepted Answer

A) PO₂ increases. 
B) PCO₂ increases. 
C) PO₂ decreases. 
D) PCO₂ decreases. 
A) PO₂ increases. 
B) PCO₂ increases. 
C) PO₂ decreases. 
D) PCO₂ decreases.

Question 15

The distance between the alveolar airspace and capillary endothelium is ________, allowing gases to diffuse ________ between them.

Accepted Answer

A)  short, rapidly 
B)  long, rapidly 
C)  short, slowly 
D)  long, slowly 
E)  None of the answers are correct-distance does not affect diffusion rate. 
A)  short, rapidly 
B)  long, rapidly 
C)  short, slowly 
D)  long, slowly 
E)  None of the answers are correct-distance does not affect diffusion rate.

Question 16

Which is NOT considered to be a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of water balance 
B)  regulation of pH balance 
C)  protection against pathogens 
D)  vocalization 
E)  gas exchange 
A)  regulation of water balance 
B)  regulation of pH balance 
C)  protection against pathogens 
D)  vocalization 
E)  gas exchange

Question 17

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses).
-Bronchioles and systemic arterioles constrict.

Accepted Answer

A) PO₂ increases. 
B) PCO₂ increases. 
C) PO₂ decreases. 
D) PCO₂ decreases. 
A) PO₂ increases. 
B) PCO₂ increases. 
C) PO₂ decreases. 
D) PCO₂ decreases.

Question 18

The primary function of the alveoli is ________.

Accepted Answer

the exchange of gase

Question 19

Ongoing diseases in which air flow during expiration is diminished are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

chronic ob

Question 20

Air flows into lungs because of ________ created by ________.

Accepted Answer

pressure g

Exam 17: Mechanics of Breathing

The substance produced by the lungs to reduce surface tension is called ________.

Surfactant

The ________ consist of light, spongy tissue whose volume is occupied mostly by air-filled spaces.

Match the type of breathing with its description. -cessation of breathing

Cindy is taking 14 breaths per minute.Her vital capacity is 3000 mL, her total lung capacity is 4000 mL, and her tidal volume is 450 mL per breath.Calculate the following: A.Cindy's total pulmonary ventilation (minute volume) B.Cindy's alveolar ventilation rate

Flow of air

Match the lung capacity with its description. -the amount of air inhaled during an active (forced)inspiration

The volume of air that can be forcefully expelled from the lungs following a normal exhalation is called the ________.

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses). -Bronchioles and systemic arterioles dilate.

Histamine's primary role in the respiratory system is as a

Active expiration is produced by contraction of

What is Dalton's law? Why is it important?

Match the lung volume with its description. -the amount of air taken in during a single normal inspiration

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses). -Arterioles: systemic constrict, pulmonary dilate.

The distance between the alveolar airspace and capillary endothelium is ________, allowing gases to diffuse ________ between them.

Which is NOT considered to be a primary function of the respiratory system?

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses). -Bronchioles and systemic arterioles constrict.

The primary function of the alveoli is ________.

Ongoing diseases in which air flow during expiration is diminished are known as ________.

Air flows into lungs because of ________ created by ________.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The distance between the alveolar airspace and capillary endothelium is , allowing gases to diffuse between them.

Air flows into lungs because of created by .