Question 1

During normal expiration,

Accepted Answer

A)  elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume. 
B)  the internal intercostal muscles are required. 
C)  the abdominal muscles become involved. 
D)  elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume and the internal intercostal muscles are required. 
E)  elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume, the internal intercostal muscles are required, and the abdominal muscles become involved. 
A)  elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume. 
B)  the internal intercostal muscles are required. 
C)  the abdominal muscles become involved. 
D)  elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume and the internal intercostal muscles are required. 
E)  elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume, the internal intercostal muscles are required, and the abdominal muscles become involved.

Question 2

In the lungs, the

Accepted Answer

A)  blood flow rate is higher and the blood pressure is lower, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
B)  blood flow rate is higher and the blood pressure is higher, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
C)  blood flow rate is lower and the blood pressure is lower, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
D)  blood flow rate is lower and the blood pressure is higher, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
E)  blood flow rate and the blood pressure are the same as in other tissues. 
A)  blood flow rate is higher and the blood pressure is lower, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
B)  blood flow rate is higher and the blood pressure is higher, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
C)  blood flow rate is lower and the blood pressure is lower, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
D)  blood flow rate is lower and the blood pressure is higher, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues. 
E)  blood flow rate and the blood pressure are the same as in other tissues.

Question 3

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-difficulty breathing

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea 
A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea

Question 4

In a condition known as pleurisy, there is excess fluid in the pleural space.How would you expect this to affect the process of pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventilation would require less energy. 
B)  Breathing would be labored and difficult. 
C)  It would be easier to expand the lungs on inspiration. 
D)  More air would be forced out during expiration. 
E)  Tidal volume would increase. 
A)  Ventilation would require less energy. 
B)  Breathing would be labored and difficult. 
C)  It would be easier to expand the lungs on inspiration. 
D)  More air would be forced out during expiration. 
E)  Tidal volume would increase.

Question 5

Alveolar ventilation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  movement of air into and out of the lungs. 
B)  movement of air into and out of the alveoli. 
C)  movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood. 
D)  movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the alveoli. 
E)  utilization of oxygen by alveolar cells to support metabolism. 
A)  movement of air into and out of the lungs. 
B)  movement of air into and out of the alveoli. 
C)  movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood. 
D)  movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the alveoli. 
E)  utilization of oxygen by alveolar cells to support metabolism.

Question 6

Because of their smooth muscle component, the structures of the lower respiratory system that can most alter airway resistance are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because of their smooth muscle component, the...

Question 7

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and frequently has periods where he can hardly breathe.The problem is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  inflammation of the bronchi. 
B)  constriction of the trachea. 
C)  thick secretions that exceed the ability of the mucus elevator to transport them. 
D)  laryngospasms that occur in response to a toxic substance produced by the epithelial cells. 
E)  collapse of one or both lungs. 
A)  inflammation of the bronchi. 
B)  constriction of the trachea. 
C)  thick secretions that exceed the ability of the mucus elevator to transport them. 
D)  laryngospasms that occur in response to a toxic substance produced by the epithelial cells. 
E)  collapse of one or both lungs.

Question 8

Joe is playing in an intramural football game when he is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib.He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin, and he is having a difficult time breathing.Joe probably is suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  a collapsed trachea. 
B)  an obstruction in the bronchi. 
C)  a pneumothorax. 
D)  decreased surfactant production. 
E)  a bruised diaphragm. 
A)  a collapsed trachea. 
B)  an obstruction in the bronchi. 
C)  a pneumothorax. 
D)  decreased surfactant production. 
E)  a bruised diaphragm.

Question 9

A typical value for intrapleural pressure is ________ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)  +6 
B)  +3 
C)  0 
D)  -3 
E)  -6 
A)  +6 
B)  +3 
C)  0 
D)  -3 
E)  -6

Question 10

According to the law of LaPlace, when comparing two alveoli lined with fluid, pressure in the one with the ________ diameter will be greater.

Accepted Answer

A)  larger 
B)  smaller 
A)  larger 
B)  smaller

Question 11

Explain how the upper airways and bronchi condition the air, and why this conditioning is important.

Accepted Answer

Air is warmed to body temperature to pro

Question 12

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A)  expiration occurs. 
B)  intrapulmonary pressure increases. 
C)  intrapleural pressure decreases. 
D)  the volume of the lungs decreases. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  expiration occurs. 
B)  intrapulmonary pressure increases. 
C)  intrapleural pressure decreases. 
D)  the volume of the lungs decreases. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 13

The cells of the lung that produce the substance that lowers surface tension are ________.

Accepted Answer

type II al

Question 14

Match the lung volume with its description.
-the additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration

Accepted Answer

A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume 
A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume

Question 15

Pressure and volume of gas in a container are related to temperature and number of gas molecules.This is known as ________ law.

Accepted Answer

A)  the ideal gas 
B)  Boyle's 
C)  Dalton's 
D)  Henry's 
E)  Ohm's 
A)  the ideal gas 
B)  Boyle's 
C)  Dalton's 
D)  Henry's 
E)  Ohm's

Question 16

The pressure contributed by a single gas in a mixture of gases is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pressure contributed by a single gas...

Question 17

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli. 
B)  decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood. 
C)  increase the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli. 
D)  decrease the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from the blood to the alveoli. 
E)  have no effect on either the partial pressure or diffusion rate of gases. 
A)  increase the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli. 
B)  decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood. 
C)  increase the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli. 
D)  decrease the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from the blood to the alveoli. 
E)  have no effect on either the partial pressure or diffusion rate of gases.

Question 18

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a ________.

Accepted Answer

mucociliar

Question 19

With what you have learned about pulmonary ventilation, how would you design an artificial respirator to keep patients with paralyzed respiratory muscles alive? How does artificial respiration by a machine compare to mouth-to-mouth respiration?

Accepted Answer

The artificial respirator needs to alter

Question 20

Premature babies frequently need to be put on a respirator to help them breathe.Why does this become a necessary treatment for many premature babies?

Accepted Answer

The lungs are one of the last organs to

Exam 17: Mechanics of Breathing

During normal expiration,

In the lungs, the

Match the type of breathing with its description. -difficulty breathing

In a condition known as pleurisy, there is excess fluid in the pleural space.How would you expect this to affect the process of pulmonary ventilation?

Alveolar ventilation refers to the

Because of their smooth muscle component, the structures of the lower respiratory system that can most alter airway resistance are the ________.

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and frequently has periods where he can hardly breathe.The problem is the result of

Joe is playing in an intramural football game when he is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib.He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin, and he is having a difficult time breathing.Joe probably is suffering from

A typical value for intrapleural pressure is ________ mm Hg.

According to the law of LaPlace, when comparing two alveoli lined with fluid, pressure in the one with the ________ diameter will be greater.

Explain how the upper airways and bronchi condition the air, and why this conditioning is important.

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

The cells of the lung that produce the substance that lowers surface tension are ________.

Match the lung volume with its description. -the additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration

Pressure and volume of gas in a container are related to temperature and number of gas molecules.This is known as ________ law.

The pressure contributed by a single gas in a mixture of gases is known as ________.

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a ________.

With what you have learned about pulmonary ventilation, how would you design an artificial respirator to keep patients with paralyzed respiratory muscles alive? How does artificial respiration by a machine compare to mouth-to-mouth respiration?

Premature babies frequently need to be put on a respirator to help them breathe.Why does this become a necessary treatment for many premature babies?

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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