Question 1

A polysynaptic reflex has at least ________ in the reflex pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  one synapse 
B)  two synapses 
C)  two neurons 
D)  three neurons 
E)  two synapses and three neurons 
A)  one synapse 
B)  two synapses 
C)  two neurons 
D)  three neurons 
E)  two synapses and three neurons E

Question 2

Explain alpha-gamma coactivation.

Accepted Answer

Alpha motor neurons control the contraction of skeletal muscle fibers.Gamma motor neurons adjust the stretch sensitivity of the muscle spindle, so that the spindle is active even when the muscle shortens.Coactivation of both sets of fibers causes the tension on the muscle spindles to be maintained as the muscle shortens; thus sensitivity to stretch is maintained.

Question 3

Make a map of the integration of muscle reflexes.Include the following terms: brain stem, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, feedback, muscle contraction and movement, sensory receptors, signal, spinal cord, and thalamus.

Accepted Answer

See Figure 13.7 in the chapter.

Question 4

Two of your physiology classmates are trying to figure out if cross country skiing is a voluntary activity or a rhythmic activity.They come to you to determine who is correct.What do you tell them?

Accepted Answer

You explain that they are, to some degre

Question 5

The flexion reflex

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents a muscle from overstretching. 
B)  prevents a muscle from generating damaging tension. 
C)  moves a limb away from a painful stimulus. 
D)  makes adjustments in other parts of the body in response to a particular stimulus. 
E)  is an example of a monosynaptic reflex. 
A)  prevents a muscle from overstretching. 
B)  prevents a muscle from generating damaging tension. 
C)  moves a limb away from a painful stimulus. 
D)  makes adjustments in other parts of the body in response to a particular stimulus. 
E)  is an example of a monosynaptic reflex.

Question 6

Most reflexes are regulated by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most reflexes are regulated by ________....

Question 7

________ monitor the position of skeletal muscles and joints.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ monitor the position of skeletal muscles...

Question 8

After stretching an intrafusal fiber, the next event is

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in action potentials along the associated sensory neuron. 
B)  a decrease in muscle tension. 
C)  a decrease in muscle tone. 
D)  decreased sensitivity to stretching. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  an increase in action potentials along the associated sensory neuron. 
B)  a decrease in muscle tension. 
C)  a decrease in muscle tone. 
D)  decreased sensitivity to stretching. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 9

Match the structure to its description.
-excite both alpha and gamma motor neurons

Accepted Answer

A) muscle spindles 
B) Golgi tendon organs 
C) both 
A) muscle spindles 
B) Golgi tendon organs 
C) both

Question 10

Match the type of reflex to its description.
-our experiences tell us how to behave; bracing yourself in anticipation would be an example

Accepted Answer

A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic 
A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic

Question 11

The ________ is essentially a group of interneurons that run from the motor cortex to the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is essentially a group of...

Question 12

While watching Olympic weight lifters on television, Carl notices that on several occasions an athlete would lift the weight to his chest and then suddenly drop it.Can you offer an explanation for what might be happening?

Accepted Answer

What Carl is observing is an example of

Question 13

Draw a monosynaptic reflex and a polysynaptic reflex.Label each part of the reflex pathway.Briefly explain how the two reflexes differ.

Accepted Answer

See Figure 13.1 in the chapter. The answ

Question 14

Motor neurons are sometimes inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi tendon organs. 
B)  muscle spindle organs. 
C)  joint receptors. 
A)  Golgi tendon organs. 
B)  muscle spindle organs. 
C)  joint receptors.

Question 15

A ________ reflex has at least one interneuron placed between the sensory and motor neuron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ reflex has at least one...

Question 16

Most reflexes are regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain. 
B)  the spinal cord. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  positive feedback. 
E)  negative feedback. 
A)  the brain. 
B)  the spinal cord. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  positive feedback. 
E)  negative feedback.

Question 17

Match the type of reflex to its description.
-reflexes that one is born with; genetically determined

Accepted Answer

A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic 
A) somatic 
B) autonomic 
C) spinal 
D) cranial 
E) innate
F)acquired
G)polysynaptic

Question 18

The reflex that prevents a muscle from exerting too much tension is the

Accepted Answer

A)  stretch reflex. 
B)  tendon reflex. 
C)  flexor reflex. 
D)  crossed extensor reflex. 
E)  reciprocal reflex. 
A)  stretch reflex. 
B)  tendon reflex. 
C)  flexor reflex. 
D)  crossed extensor reflex. 
E)  reciprocal reflex.

Question 19

You are a technician in a neuroanatomy lab, and it's your first day of training to learn a technique of labeling neurons.Your boss tells you that you will fill individual motor neurons, by injecting horseradish peroxidase (HRP)conjugated to tetanus toxin, into a skeletal muscle.How could this possibly label the neurons?

Accepted Answer

The process of labeling neurons by HRP w

Question 20

The "normal" contractile fibers of the muscle are also called the

Accepted Answer

A)  extrafusal fibers. 
B)  intrafusal fibers. 
C)  muscle spindle fibers. 
A)  extrafusal fibers. 
B)  intrafusal fibers. 
C)  muscle spindle fibers.

Exam 13: Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

A polysynaptic reflex has at least ________ in the reflex pathway.

Explain alpha-gamma coactivation.

Make a map of the integration of muscle reflexes.Include the following terms: brain stem, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, feedback, muscle contraction and movement, sensory receptors, signal, spinal cord, and thalamus.

Two of your physiology classmates are trying to figure out if cross country skiing is a voluntary activity or a rhythmic activity.They come to you to determine who is correct.What do you tell them?

The flexion reflex

Most reflexes are regulated by ________.

________ monitor the position of skeletal muscles and joints.

After stretching an intrafusal fiber, the next event is

Match the structure to its description. -excite both alpha and gamma motor neurons

Match the type of reflex to its description. -our experiences tell us how to behave; bracing yourself in anticipation would be an example

The ________ is essentially a group of interneurons that run from the motor cortex to the spinal cord.

While watching Olympic weight lifters on television, Carl notices that on several occasions an athlete would lift the weight to his chest and then suddenly drop it.Can you offer an explanation for what might be happening?

Draw a monosynaptic reflex and a polysynaptic reflex.Label each part of the reflex pathway.Briefly explain how the two reflexes differ.

Motor neurons are sometimes inhibited by

A ________ reflex has at least one interneuron placed between the sensory and motor neuron.

Most reflexes are regulated by

Match the type of reflex to its description. -reflexes that one is born with; genetically determined

The reflex that prevents a muscle from exerting too much tension is the

The "normal" contractile fibers of the muscle are also called the

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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